{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134900633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1306/06111312178","title":"A geochemical context for stray gas investigations in the northern Appalachian Basin: Implications of analyses of natural gases from Neogene-through Devonian-age strata","display_name":"A geochemical context for stray gas investigations in the northern Appalachian Basin: Implications of analyses of natural gases from Neogene-through Devonian-age strata","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134900633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1306/06111312178","mag":"2134900633"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1306/06111312178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1306/06111312178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1306/06111312178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144020083","display_name":"AAPG Bulletin","issn_l":"0149-1423","issn":["0149-1423","1522-1423","1558-9153"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316082","host_organization_name":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Petroleum Geologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AAPG Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085284114","display_name":"Fred J. Baldassare","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fred J. Baldassare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Echelon Applied Geochemistry Consulting, 1229 Twelve Oaks Court, Murrysville, Pennsylvania; fbaldassare@echelonagc.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Echelon Applied Geochemistry Consulting, 1229 Twelve Oaks Court, Murrysville, Pennsylvania; fbaldassare@echelonagc.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053331561","display_name":"Mark A. McCaffrey","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136545","display_name":"Weatherford (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03td4yf75","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197773855","https://openalex.org/I4210136545"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark A. McCaffrey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Weatherford Laboratories, 3500 Oak Lawn Avenue, Suite 350, Dallas, Texas; Mark.McCaffrey@weatherfordlabs.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Weatherford Laboratories, 3500 Oak Lawn Avenue, Suite 350, Dallas, Texas; Mark.McCaffrey@weatherfordlabs.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136545"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020425679","display_name":"John A. Harper","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6129-3861","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6129-3861"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4405262222","display_name":"Pennsylvania Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/023z0r493","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801205178","https://openalex.org/I4405262222"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John A. Harper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; paleoharper12@gmail.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pennsylvania Geological Survey, 400 Waterfront Drive, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; paleoharper12@gmail.com","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4405262222"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.6443,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":97,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98198701,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":93,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"98","issue":"2","first_page":"341","last_page":"372"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.586899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.586899995803833,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10399","display_name":"Hydrocarbon exploration and reservoir analysis","score":0.3253999948501587,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10398","display_name":"Groundwater and Isotope Geochemistry","score":0.06040000170469284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1906","display_name":"Geochemistry and Petrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/methane","display_name":"methane","score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethane","display_name":"ethane","score":0.9660000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stable-carbon-isotopes","display_name":"stable carbon isotopes","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermogenic-gas","display_name":"thermogenic gas","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microbial-gas","display_name":"microbial gas","score":0.921999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-migration","display_name":"gas migration","score":0.7749999761581421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marcellus-formation","display_name":"Marcellus Formation","score":0.7670000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shallow-aquifers","display_name":"shallow aquifers","score":0.7020000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/groundwater-quality","display_name":"groundwater quality","score":0.7850000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gas-source-apportionment","display_name":"gas source apportionment","score":0.5849999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/northern-appalachian-basin","display_name":"Northern Appalachian Basin","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neogene-strata","display_name":"Neogene strata","score":0.7310000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/devonian-strata","display_name":"Devonian strata","score":0.8619999885559082}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.8867404460906982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107832698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65955","display_name":"Devonian","level":2,"score":0.732948899269104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27492601","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103924","display_name":"Neogene","level":3,"score":0.7303197383880615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6958247423171997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59427239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40858","display_name":"Natural gas","level":2,"score":0.6782634854316711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.5975874662399292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776608160","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4785462","display_name":"Natural (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5940446853637695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.4642655849456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17409809","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161764","display_name":"Geochemistry","level":1,"score":0.43379101157188416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.3837682902812958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1306/06111312178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1306/06111312178","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1306/06111312178","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S144020083","display_name":"AAPG Bulletin","issn_l":"0149-1423","issn":["0149-1423","1522-1423","1558-9153"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316082","host_organization_name":"American Association of Petroleum Geologists","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316082"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Association of Petroleum Geologists"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"AAPG Bulletin","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W653204258","https://openalex.org/W1976205226","https://openalex.org/W1983047790","https://openalex.org/W1995603005","https://openalex.org/W1997373778","https://openalex.org/W2010296282","https://openalex.org/W2011841778","https://openalex.org/W2020036946","https://openalex.org/W2023352979","https://openalex.org/W2024482144","https://openalex.org/W2025895735","https://openalex.org/W2043187415","https://openalex.org/W2048170773","https://openalex.org/W2060291415","https://openalex.org/W2061732190","https://openalex.org/W2063373558","https://openalex.org/W2080556644","https://openalex.org/W2097496849","https://openalex.org/W2105530987","https://openalex.org/W2108573182","https://openalex.org/W2119037023","https://openalex.org/W2126031513","https://openalex.org/W2129987267","https://openalex.org/W2133572066","https://openalex.org/W2136177615","https://openalex.org/W2139836496","https://openalex.org/W2146849894","https://openalex.org/W2147738527","https://openalex.org/W2152409284","https://openalex.org/W2162643797","https://openalex.org/W2165522047","https://openalex.org/W2168111968","https://openalex.org/W2225851126"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2795348239","https://openalex.org/W3184105232","https://openalex.org/W2096655326","https://openalex.org/W2281795356","https://openalex.org/W2782087210","https://openalex.org/W2126031513","https://openalex.org/W2023352979","https://openalex.org/W4408526041","https://openalex.org/W2057759346","https://openalex.org/W2168111968"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"As":[0],"the":[1,7,11,19,77,129,132,152,161,166,191,213,233,236,247,254,273,284],"pace":[2],"of":[3,21,24,52,82,103,117,249,263],"drilling":[4,141],"activity":[5],"in":[6,10,65,70,122,151,165,190,232],"Marcellus":[8,133,139,194,237],"Formation":[9,140,195],"northern":[12],"Appalachian":[13],"Basin":[14],"has":[15,18],"increased,":[16],"so":[17],"number":[20],"alleged":[22],"incidents":[23],"stray":[25,243,288],"natural":[26,244],"gas":[27,39,84,88,136,224,245,264,289],"migration":[28,221],"to":[29,61],"shallow":[30,124],"aquifer":[31,125,163],"systems.":[32],"For":[33],"this":[34,104],"study,":[35],"more":[36],"than":[37],"2300":[38],"and":[40,48,54,79,92,112,114,127,155,184,220,226,258,266,294],"water":[41],"samples":[42,57],"were":[43,74],"analyzed":[44],"for":[45,242,281,287],"molecular":[46],"composition":[47],"stable":[49],"isotope":[50,210,228,259],"compositions":[51],"methane":[53],"ethane.":[55],"The":[56,135],"are":[58,149,186],"from":[59,76,188],"Neogene-":[60],"Middle":[62,192],"Devonian-age":[63],"strata":[64],"a":[66,217,240],"five-county":[67],"study":[68],"area":[69],"northeastern":[71],"Pennsylvania.":[72],"Samples":[73],"collected":[75],"vertical":[78],"lateral":[80],"sections":[81],"234":[83],"wells":[85,96],"during":[86,97,275],"mud":[87],"logging":[89],"(MGL)":[90],"programs":[91],"67":[93],"private":[94],"groundwater-supply":[95],"baseline":[98],"groundwater-quality":[99],"testing":[100],"programs.":[101],"Evaluation":[102],"geochemical":[105],"database":[106],"reveals":[107,216],"that":[108,146,159,269],"microbial,":[109],"mixed":[110],"microbial":[111],"thermogenic,":[113],"thermogenic":[115,147],"gases":[116,148,189,274],"different":[118],"thermal":[119,219],"maturities":[120],"occur":[121],"some":[123],"systems":[126],"throughout":[128],"stratigraphy":[130],"above":[131],"Formation.":[134,238],"occurrences":[137],"predate":[138],"activity.":[142],"Isotope":[143],"data":[144,251,278],"reveal":[145],"predominant":[150],"regional":[153],"Neogene":[154],"Upper":[156],"Devonian":[157,193],"rocks":[158],"comprise":[160],"potable":[162],"system":[164],"upper":[167],"305":[168],"m":[169],"(1000":[170],"ft)":[171],"(average":[172,196],"13C1":[173,197],"=":[174,178,182,198,202,206],"43.53;":[175],"average":[176,180,200,204],"13C2":[177,201],"40.95;":[179],"DC1":[181,205],"232.50)":[183],"typically":[185],"distinct":[187],"32.37;":[199],"38.48;":[203],"162.34":[207],").":[208],"Additionally,":[209],"geochemistry":[211,260],"at":[212,253],"site-specific":[214,255],"level":[215],"complex":[218],"history":[222],"with":[223],"mixtures":[225],"partial":[227],"reversals":[229],"(13C1":[230],"13C2)":[231],"units":[234],"overlying":[235],"Identifying":[239],"source":[241],"requires":[246],"synthesis":[248],"multiple":[250],"types":[252],"level.":[256],"Molecular":[257],"provide":[261,279],"evidence":[262],"origin":[265],"secondary":[267],"processes":[268],"may":[270],"have":[271],"affected":[272],"migration.":[276],"Such":[277],"focus":[280],"investigations":[282],"where":[283],"potential":[285],"sources":[286],"include":[290],"multiple,":[291],"naturally":[292],"occurring,":[293],"anthropogenic":[295],"gases.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":11}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
