{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134576745","doi":null,"title":"Capital humano y productividad en microempresas","display_name":"Capital humano y productividad en microempresas","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134576745","mag":"2134576745"},"language":"es","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai::4064","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400553","display_name":"Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","host_organization_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"MPRA Paper"},"volume":null,"type":"report","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006279403","display_name":"Alejandro Mungaray Lagarda","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5633-4585","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5633-4585"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alejandro Mungaray","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047840959","display_name":"Mart\u00edn Arturo Ram\u00edrez Urquidy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-0477","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-0477"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mart\u00edn Ram\u00edrez Urquidy","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0571-0477","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.8618000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10393","display_name":"Economic Growth and Productivity","score":0.8618000149726868,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13762","display_name":"Education and Labor Relations","score":0.0917000025510788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12851","display_name":"Firm Innovation and Growth","score":0.013799999840557575,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-capital","display_name":"human capital","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/productivity","display_name":"productivity","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microenterprises","display_name":"microenterprises","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/formal-education","display_name":"formal education","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informal-training","display_name":"informal training","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/experiential-learning","display_name":"experiential learning","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/returns-to-education","display_name":"returns to education","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technical-education","display_name":"technical education","score":0.7329999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/managerial-experience","display_name":"managerial experience","score":0.6710000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-survival","display_name":"business survival","score":0.7239999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production-function","display_name":"production function","score":0.7599999904632568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776943663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165687","display_name":"Human capital","level":2,"score":0.8281374573707581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204983608","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2111958","display_name":"Productivity","level":2,"score":0.7261040210723877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198531522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485146","display_name":"Sample (material)","level":2,"score":0.5947641134262085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27548731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q88272","display_name":"Investment (military)","level":3,"score":0.5823947787284851},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37228920","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1307600","display_name":"Experiential learning","level":2,"score":0.5100379586219788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.5020496845245361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4626880884170532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.44694870710372925},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4303145110607147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.42001914978027344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145236788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28161","display_name":"Labour economics","level":1,"score":0.4196591079235077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3017614220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8434","display_name":"Formal education","level":2,"score":0.41068702936172485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3783797025680542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.33027034997940063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4249254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3044431","display_name":"Demographic economics","level":1,"score":0.3260769248008728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.1680559515953064},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.15442830324172974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.1525944471359253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.10718455910682678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai::4064","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400553","display_name":"Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","host_organization_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"MPRA Paper"},{"id":"mag:2134576745","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:pra:mprapa:4064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai::4064","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","pdf_url":"https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/4064/1/MPRA_paper_4064.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400553","display_name":"Munich Personal RePEc Archive (Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I8204097","host_organization_name":"Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8204097"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"MPRA Paper"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":1.0,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2134576745.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2134576745.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7111440003","https://openalex.org/W2249912409","https://openalex.org/W2478021795","https://openalex.org/W2528704497","https://openalex.org/W1544087186","https://openalex.org/W2036896318","https://openalex.org/W4300917154","https://openalex.org/W7214917782","https://openalex.org/W4210434550","https://openalex.org/W4404020715"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"hypothesis":[1],"that":[2,95,118],"human":[3,54,85,101],"capital":[4,55,86,102],"increases":[5],"productivity":[6,57,88],"is":[7,24,58,89,92,113,128],"tested":[8],"using":[9],"data":[10],"from":[11],"a":[12],"sample":[13,127],"of":[14,21,28,41,67,81,84,98,111,122,133],"low":[15],"value-added":[16],"microenterprises.":[17],"A":[18],"special":[19],"attribute":[20],"this":[22],"paper":[23],"the":[25,42,45,51,65,82,109,119,123,126,131,136,156],"join":[26],"treatment":[27],"formal":[29,73],"learning":[30,154],"or":[31],"training":[32,38,77],"in":[33,44,100,125,135,155],"education":[34,74,140,145],"institutions,":[35],"and":[36,56,75,87,146],"informal":[37,76],"by":[39,60,78,130,152],"experience":[40,112,134],"owner":[43],"firm":[46,157],"management.":[47,137,158],"Following":[48],"previous":[49],"studies,":[50],"relation":[52],"between":[53],"determined":[59],"estimating":[61],"production":[62],"functions":[63],"with":[64],"inclusion":[66],"dummy":[68],"variables":[69],"to":[70,106,139],"control":[71],"for":[72,143],"experience.":[79],"Evidence":[80],"linkage":[83],"reported.":[90],"It":[91],"also":[93],"reported":[94],"both":[96],"types":[97],"investment":[99],"have":[103],"asymmetrical":[104],"contribution":[105],"productivity,":[107],"where":[108],"impact":[110],"predominant.":[114],"This":[115],"allows":[116],"concluding":[117],"long-run":[120],"existence":[121],"firms":[124],"explained":[129],"accumulation":[132],"Returns":[138],"occur":[141],"primarily":[142],"technical":[144],"are":[147],"lower":[148],"than":[149],"those":[150],"generated":[151],"experiential":[153]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-12T09:40:04.860316","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
