{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134374348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095","title":"Executive Functioning and Risky Decision Making in Young Male Offenders","display_name":"Executive Functioning and Risky Decision Making in Young Male Offenders","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134374348","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095","mag":"2134374348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0093854809343095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74425203","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","issn_l":"0093-8548","issn":["0093-8548","1552-3594"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020474544","display_name":"Eva M. Syngelaki","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eva M. Syngelaki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073146308","display_name":"Simon Moore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5495-4705","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5495-4705"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simon C. Moore","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033286367","display_name":"Justin C. D. Savage","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-3475","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5123-3475"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin C. Savage","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070153759","display_name":"Graeme F. Fairchild","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-9938","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7814-9938"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Graeme Fairchild","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cambridge University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cambridge University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111471759","display_name":"Stephanie H.M. van Goozen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-4734","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5983-4734"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","display_name":"Cardiff University","ror":"https://ror.org/03kk7td41","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Stephanie H.M. Van Goozen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cardiff University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cardiff University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111471759"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4694,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":67,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8879354,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"11","first_page":"1213","last_page":"1227"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":0.48660001158714294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10565","display_name":"Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending","score":0.48660001158714294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.43290001153945923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.03799999877810478,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/executive-function","display_name":"executive function","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risky-decision-making","display_name":"risky decision making","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/young-male-offenders","display_name":"young male offenders","score":0.8600000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antisocial-behavior","display_name":"antisocial behavior","score":0.9279999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iq","display_name":"IQ","score":0.6970000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wisconsin-card-sorting-test","display_name":"Wisconsin Card Sorting Test","score":0.8410000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cambridge-neuropsychological-test-automated-battery","display_name":"CANTAB","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-memory","display_name":"working memory","score":0.7990000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/planning","display_name":"planning","score":0.9769999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set-shifting","display_name":"set-shifting","score":0.9319999814033508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perseveration","display_name":"perseveration","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reward-processing","display_name":"reward processing","score":0.7009999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/prefrontal-cortex","display_name":"prefrontal cortex","score":0.8679999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/juvenile-offenders","display_name":"juvenile offenders","score":0.3970000147819519}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7592105865478516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779338893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5025484","display_name":"Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery","level":5,"score":0.7405065298080444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775968953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q783092","display_name":"Executive functions","level":3,"score":0.6562831401824951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780769854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1499171","display_name":"Perseveration","level":3,"score":0.6561446189880371},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778420670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q549525","display_name":"Wisconsin Card Sorting Test","level":4,"score":0.6412663459777832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21963081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11337567","display_name":"Working memory","level":3,"score":0.6406630873680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779985164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5419936","display_name":"Executive dysfunction","level":4,"score":0.5789443254470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776889708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1048728","display_name":"Iowa gambling task","level":3,"score":0.5257492661476135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.517595648765564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.4329388439655304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66102695","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141208","display_name":"Cognitive flexibility","level":3,"score":0.4302186369895935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71376074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1001125","display_name":"Juvenile delinquency","level":2,"score":0.4120143949985504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70410870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199906","display_name":"Clinical psychology","level":1,"score":0.3934635519981384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14216870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3872","display_name":"Neuropsychology","level":3,"score":0.3803351819515228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.32154321670532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43729271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3560550","display_name":"Spatial memory","level":4,"score":0.26359957456588745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.19626101851463318}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0093854809343095","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S74425203","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","issn_l":"0093-8548","issn":["0093-8548","1552-3594"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","erih-plus","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Criminal Justice and Behavior","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.soton.ac.uk:156001","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://doi.org/10.1177/0093854809343095>).","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401019","display_name":"ePrints Soton (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.5683000087738037}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.8199999928474426}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595101455","https://openalex.org/W1524959298","https://openalex.org/W1594303435","https://openalex.org/W1612021082","https://openalex.org/W1913132524","https://openalex.org/W1972977388","https://openalex.org/W1973477197","https://openalex.org/W1989679792","https://openalex.org/W1995531573","https://openalex.org/W1995785377","https://openalex.org/W2009784910","https://openalex.org/W2025089043","https://openalex.org/W2029799787","https://openalex.org/W2037124948","https://openalex.org/W2037358606","https://openalex.org/W2046468090","https://openalex.org/W2047789431","https://openalex.org/W2049420045","https://openalex.org/W2052762350","https://openalex.org/W2053167012","https://openalex.org/W2058875904","https://openalex.org/W2058914725","https://openalex.org/W2069947117","https://openalex.org/W2070190421","https://openalex.org/W2075459058","https://openalex.org/W2079288992","https://openalex.org/W2081516112","https://openalex.org/W2092195692","https://openalex.org/W2094371263","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2109668460","https://openalex.org/W2123856966","https://openalex.org/W2125079958","https://openalex.org/W2134551595","https://openalex.org/W2135601216","https://openalex.org/W2136170254","https://openalex.org/W2142004577","https://openalex.org/W2145746293","https://openalex.org/W2148481649","https://openalex.org/W2159011576","https://openalex.org/W2160255310","https://openalex.org/W2160505064","https://openalex.org/W2160601359","https://openalex.org/W2162542540","https://openalex.org/W2165001507","https://openalex.org/W2169247923","https://openalex.org/W2170256757","https://openalex.org/W2199457251","https://openalex.org/W2229910942","https://openalex.org/W2278573586","https://openalex.org/W3196369884","https://openalex.org/W4235035994","https://openalex.org/W4300870773"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4232875425","https://openalex.org/W2885011577","https://openalex.org/W2907346812","https://openalex.org/W4391681877","https://openalex.org/W2768701977","https://openalex.org/W3174358304","https://openalex.org/W2023672638","https://openalex.org/W2754822119","https://openalex.org/W2052574785","https://openalex.org/W2336169483"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Executive":[0],"functioning":[1],"(EF)":[2],"deficits":[3],"have":[4],"been":[5],"implicated":[6],"in":[7,43,116,146],"antisocial":[8,32],"behavior.":[9,33],"EF":[10,28,111,157],"constitutes":[11],"a":[12,134],"broad":[13],"selection":[14],"of":[15,27,98,156,169],"functions,":[16],"and":[17,39,52,68,84,96,119,162],"it":[18],"is":[19],"yet":[20],"to":[21,160],"be":[22],"determined":[23],"what":[24],"specific":[25,110],"aspects":[26],"are":[29,177],"associated":[30],"with":[31,47,174],"This":[34],"study":[35],"examines":[36],"IQ,":[37],"EF,":[38],"related":[40,159],"decision-making":[41,128],"processes":[42],"young":[44,123,147,175],"males":[45],"involved":[46],"the":[48,62,72,105,140,150,154],"criminal":[49],"justice":[50],"system":[51],"their":[53],"age-matched":[54],"male":[55],"controls.":[56],"The":[57,137,167],"Risky":[58],"Choice":[59],"Task":[60],"(RCT),":[61],"Wisconsin":[63],"Card":[64],"Sorting":[65],"Test":[66,75],"(WCST),":[67],"tests":[69],"taken":[70],"from":[71],"Cambridge":[73],"Neuropsychological":[74],"Automated":[76],"Battery":[77],"(CANTAB)":[78],"assessing":[79],"spatial":[80],"working":[81,117],"memory,":[82],"planning,":[83],"set-shifting":[85],"ability":[86],"were":[87,108],"administered.":[88],"Young":[89],"offenders":[90,124,176],"showed":[91,125],"lower":[92],"estimated":[93],"IQ":[94],"scores":[95],"perseveration":[97],"responding,":[99],"as":[100,114],"indicated":[101],"by":[102],"performance":[103],"on":[104,139],"WCST.":[106],"There":[107],"also":[109,152],"impairments,":[112],"such":[113],"problems":[115],"memory":[118],"planning":[120],"(CANTAB).":[121],"Finally,":[122],"more":[126],"risky":[127],"than":[129],"controls":[130],"did,":[131],"particularly":[132],"after":[133],"small":[135],"win.":[136],"results":[138],"RCT":[141],"suggest":[142],"altered":[143],"reward":[144],"mechanisms":[145],"offenders,":[148],"whereas":[149],"findings":[151,171],"support":[153],"notion":[155],"difficulties":[158],"dorsolateral":[161],"ventromedial":[163],"prefrontal":[164],"cortex":[165],"functioning.":[166],"implications":[168],"these":[170],"for":[172],"interventions":[173],"discussed.":[178]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}