{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133562707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","title":"Beam-forming matrix design using MMICs for a multibeam phased-array antenna","display_name":"Beam-forming matrix design using MMICs for a multibeam phased-array antenna","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133562707","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","mag":"2133562707"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237450","display_name":"Technical digest -- IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium","issn_l":"1550-8781","issn":["1550-8781","2374-8443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"[1991] GaAs IC Symposium Technical Digest","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"R. Gupta","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091576696","display_name":"T. Hampsch","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T. Hampsch","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019694665","display_name":"H. I. Gerson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Gerson","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036947880","display_name":"Amir I. Zaghloul","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-6876","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3283-6876"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Zaghloul","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005779699","display_name":"Robert M. Sorbello","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. Sorbello","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085572816","display_name":"FRANCOIS ASSAL","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Assal","raw_affiliation_strings":["COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Laboratories, Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"COMSAT Labs., Clarksburg, MD, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.27442049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"41","last_page":"44"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.4162999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.4162999987602234,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.32760000228881836,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.11959999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mmic","display_name":"MMIC","score":0.7200000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaas-mmic","display_name":"GaAs MMIC","score":0.8159999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shifters","display_name":"phase shifters","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modular-packaging","display_name":"modular packaging","score":0.5839999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ku-band","display_name":"Ku-band","score":0.7120000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/insertion-loss","display_name":"insertion loss","score":0.8199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alumina-substrate","display_name":"alumina substrate","score":0.8360000252723694}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103864889","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4480524","display_name":"Phase shift module","level":3,"score":0.8727082014083862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55494473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727898","display_name":"Phased array","level":3,"score":0.8283067941665649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128450285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1945036","display_name":"Monolithic microwave integrated circuit","level":4,"score":0.806566059589386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.5843569040298462},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.5216938853263855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4932371973991394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143148639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4876192","display_name":"Beam steering","level":3,"score":0.46090540289878845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.442195862531662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3839814364910126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34448567032814026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3303431272506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.31075727939605713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90327742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q947396","display_name":"Insertion loss","level":2,"score":0.29751938581466675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.20609867572784424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/gaas.1991.172629","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210237450","display_name":"Technical digest -- IEEE Compound Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Symposium","issn_l":"1550-8781","issn":["1550-8781","2374-8443"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"[1991] GaAs IC Symposium Technical Digest","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2090491706","https://openalex.org/W2094051472","https://openalex.org/W2096718328","https://openalex.org/W2112803149","https://openalex.org/W2127569923","https://openalex.org/W2535239092","https://openalex.org/W4205884327","https://openalex.org/W4391908381","https://openalex.org/W6861814524"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4242427495","https://openalex.org/W2155889031","https://openalex.org/W2978652696","https://openalex.org/W2113114077","https://openalex.org/W2547775254","https://openalex.org/W4395662248","https://openalex.org/W2138991991","https://openalex.org/W1661409983","https://openalex.org/W1481458200","https://openalex.org/W2051600509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,19],"design":[1],"and":[2,39,63],"packaging":[3],"approaches":[4],"for":[5,11,59,73],"a":[6,12,24,67,77],"lightweight,":[7],"beam-forming":[8],"matrix":[9],"(BFM)":[10],"Ku-band":[13],"multibeam":[14],"phased-array":[15],"antenna":[16],"are":[17,80],"presented.":[18],"BFM":[20,68,78],"is":[21],"assembled":[22],"in":[23,76,88],"modular":[25],"package":[26],"using":[27],"Wilkinson":[28],"dividers/combiners;":[29],"GaAs":[30],"monolithic":[31],"microwave":[32],"integrated":[33,41],"circuit":[34],"(MMIC),":[35],"5-bit":[36],"phase":[37,86],"shifters;":[38],"highly":[40],"driver/level-shifter":[42],"electronics":[43],"on":[44],"alumina":[45],"substrate":[46],"boards.":[47],"Tests":[48],"over":[49],"the":[50,85,89],"11-":[51],"to":[52],"13-GHz":[53],"frequency":[54],"range":[55],"demonstrate":[56],"uniform":[57],"performance":[58],"all":[60,74],"phase-shifter":[61],"states":[62],"transmission":[64],"paths":[65,75],"within":[66,81],"shelf.":[69],"Insertion":[70],"loss":[71],"variations":[72],"shelf":[79],"+or-1":[82],"dB":[83],"with":[84],"shifters":[87],"reference":[90],"state.>":[91]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-29T09:56:32.521200","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
