{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133307079","doi":null,"title":"Closed form localization algorithms for mode S wide area multilateration","display_name":"Closed form localization algorithms for mode S wide area multilateration","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133307079","mag":"2133307079"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:art.torvergata.it:2108/36927","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2108/36927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400993","display_name":"Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","host_organization_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020286583","display_name":"Mauro Leonardi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-067X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-067X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mauro Leonardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tor Vergata University Via del Politecnico 1,00131 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tor Vergata University Via del Politecnico 1,00131 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043598144","display_name":"Adolf Mathias","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28357759","display_name":"Deutsche Flugsicherung (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05vxxvp60","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28357759"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adolf Mathias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsche Flugsicherung, Systemhaus, Am DFS-Campus 10, 63225 Langen, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsche Flugsicherung, Systemhaus, Am DFS-Campus 10, 63225 Langen, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28357759"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002201117","display_name":"Gaspare Galati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1805-4640","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1805-4640"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","display_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","ror":"https://ror.org/02p77k626","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaspare Galati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tor Vergata University Via del Politecnico 1,00131 Rome, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1805-4640","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tor Vergata University Via del Politecnico 1,00131 Rome, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.58793866,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"73","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.6284000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.6284000277519226,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.11029999703168869,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10711","display_name":"Target Tracking and Data Fusion in Sensor Networks","score":0.09120000153779984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wide-area-multilateration","display_name":"wide area multilateration","score":0.9139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mode-s","display_name":"Mode S","score":0.5590000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arrival-time","display_name":"time of arrival","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-difference-of-arrival","display_name":"time difference of arrival","score":0.8640000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aircraft-surveillance","display_name":"aircraft surveillance","score":0.503000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/airport-surface-traffic","display_name":"airport surface traffic","score":0.597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/target-localization","display_name":"target localization","score":0.4090000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ads-b","display_name":"ADS-B","score":0.460999995470047}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.9929729700088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5965054631233215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5330765247344971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.527757465839386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14774633","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5425288","display_name":"FDOA","level":4,"score":0.5143002867698669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154910267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1740982","display_name":"Non-line-of-sight propagation","level":3,"score":0.5084713697433472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168958951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4654156","display_name":"ASDE-X","level":3,"score":0.4690093696117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4476251006126404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48677424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888088","display_name":"Mode (computer interface)","level":2,"score":0.44125187397003174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165696696","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11287","display_name":"Exploit","level":2,"score":0.41471388936042786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.32547199726104736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166961238","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221395","display_name":"Air traffic control","level":2,"score":0.30586904287338257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2383960485458374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.23539701104164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.18410661816596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18054068088531494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.1671871840953827},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.15642425417900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.12902405858039856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.07191181182861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:art.torvergata.it:2108/36927","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2108/36927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400993","display_name":"Cineca Institutional Research Information System (Tor Vergata University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I116067653","host_organization_name":"University of Rome Tor Vergata","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116067653"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"mag:3145954865","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://yadda.icm.edu.pl/yadda/element/bwmeta1.element.ieee-000005307157","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608355","display_name":"European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Radar Conference","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2133307079","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://art.torvergata.it/handle/2108/36927","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4363608355","display_name":"European Radar Conference (EuRAD)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"European Radar Conference","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W125220207","https://openalex.org/W2004275038","https://openalex.org/W2023004272","https://openalex.org/W2065494656","https://openalex.org/W2076065673","https://openalex.org/W2120350100","https://openalex.org/W2138144598","https://openalex.org/W2160171891"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2149424643","https://openalex.org/W1482982597","https://openalex.org/W2026665343","https://openalex.org/W7021063500","https://openalex.org/W6999454073","https://openalex.org/W1969988114","https://openalex.org/W2057468207","https://openalex.org/W2068087314","https://openalex.org/W2785582420","https://openalex.org/W1565533147"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multilateration":[0,70],"(MLAT)":[1],"is":[2,14,127],"an":[3],"increasingly":[4],"important":[5],"location":[6,27],"and":[7,24,33],"identification":[8],"system":[9,43],"for":[10,67,98],"surface":[11],"traffic":[12],"surveillance,":[13],"in":[15,17,90,113,137],"use":[16],"large":[18],"airports":[19],"such":[20],"as":[21],"London-Heathrow,":[22],"Frankfurt/Main":[23],"Rome-Fiumicino.":[25],"Target":[26],"can":[28],"be":[29],"extended":[30],"to":[31,45,122],"approach":[32],"terminal":[34],"area":[35,38],"surveillance":[36],"(wide":[37],"multilateration,":[39],"WAM),":[40],"with":[41,62,129],"a":[42],"coverage":[44],"some":[46],"hundred":[47],"kilometers":[48],"around":[49],"the":[50,83,88,91,102,105,123],"airport.":[51],"Practically":[52],"used":[53],"MLAT":[54],"systems":[55],"exploit":[56],"signals":[57],"transmitted":[58],"by":[59,87],"aircraft":[60],"equipped":[61],"SSR":[63],"(or":[64],"ADS-B)":[65],"transponders":[66],"target":[68],"location.":[69],"algorithms":[71,95,111,132],"locate":[72],"targets":[73,99],"using":[74],"hyperbolic":[75],"time":[76],"difference":[77],"of":[78,116,139],"arrival":[79],"(TDOA)":[80],"techniques.":[81],"Under":[82],"special":[84],"conditions":[85],"imposed":[86],"geometry":[89],"WAM":[92],"case,":[93],"high-performance":[94],"are":[96,134],"required":[97],"far":[100],"outside":[101],"polygon":[103],"enclosing":[104],"receiver":[106],"stations.":[107],"This":[108],"paper":[109],"presents":[110],"formulated":[112,136],"TOA":[114],"(Time":[115],"Arrival)":[117],"representation":[118],"directly,":[119],"without":[120],"resorting":[121],"TDOA.":[124],"Their":[125],"performance":[126],"compared":[128],"other":[130],"present-day":[131],"that":[133],"mostly":[135],"terms":[138],"TDOA":[140]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}