{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133258174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","title":"Methods and protocol of a mixed method quasi-experiment to evaluate the effects of a structural economic and food security intervention on HIV vulnerability in rural Malawi: The SAGE4Health Study","display_name":"Methods and protocol of a mixed method quasi-experiment to evaluate the effects of a structural economic and food security intervention on HIV vulnerability in rural Malawi: The SAGE4Health Study","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133258174","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","mag":"2133258174","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25019044","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4082534"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","pdf_url":"https://springerplus.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531072874","display_name":"SpringerPlus","issn_l":"2193-1801","issn":["2193-1801"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SpringerPlus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://springerplus.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047073047","display_name":"Lance S. Weinhardt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-9809","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-9809"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lance S Weinhardt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111937170","display_name":"Loren W. Galv\u00e3o","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Loren W Galvao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Global Health Equity, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Global Health Equity, College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066390631","display_name":"Thokozani Mwenyekonde","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121728","display_name":"Care International","ror":"https://ror.org/029ma5383","country_code":"CH","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210121728"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thokozani Mwenyekonde","raw_affiliation_strings":["CARE-International Malawi, CARE House, Kenyatta Road Capital City, Lilongwe, Malawi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CARE-International Malawi, CARE House, Kenyatta Road Capital City, Lilongwe, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121728"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079236385","display_name":"Katarina M. Grande","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Katarina M Grande","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082101161","display_name":"Patricia E. Stevens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patricia Stevens","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103020633","display_name":"Qin Yan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3162-3687","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3162-3687"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alice F Yan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015212148","display_name":"Lucy Mkandawire\u2010Valhmu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3205-1841","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3205-1841"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002564109","display_name":"Winford H. Masanjala","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157591606","display_name":"University of Malawi","ror":"https://ror.org/04vtx5s55","country_code":"MW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]}],"countries":["MW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Winford Masanjala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Malawi, Chancellor College, P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Malawi, Chancellor College, P.O. Box 280, Zomba, Malawi","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157591606"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111955807","display_name":"Jennifer W. Kibicho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jennifer Kibicho","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Nursing, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI 53201-0413 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014204835","display_name":"Emmanuel M. Ngui","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emmanuel Ngui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070023441","display_name":"Lindsay Emer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43579087","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Milwaukee","ror":"https://ror.org/031q21x57","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lindsay Emer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joseph J Zilber School of Public Health, University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, PO Box 413, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032348612","display_name":"SUSAN COTTS WATKINS","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-1639","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0187-1639"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79576946","display_name":"University of Pennsylvania","ror":"https://ror.org/00b30xv10","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Susan C Watkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA ; California Center for Population Research, University of California-Los Angeles, 4284 Public Affairs Bldg, PO Box 957236, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7236 USA","California Center for Population Research, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA","University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA USA ; California Center for Population Research, University of California-Los Angeles, 4284 Public Affairs Bldg, PO Box 957236, Los Angeles, CA 90095-7236 USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765","https://openalex.org/I79576946"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"California Center for Population Research, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79576946"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111937170"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43579087"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.2523,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95291985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"1","first_page":"296","last_page":"296"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14334","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses","score":0.5259000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14334","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Impact and Responses","score":0.5259000062942505,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.2653999924659729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14269","display_name":"Food Security and Socioeconomic Dynamics","score":0.14749999344348907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1100","display_name":"General Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-vulnerability","display_name":"HIV vulnerability","score":0.9850000143051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/food-security","display_name":"food security","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-intervention","display_name":"economic intervention","score":0.6309999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/poverty","display_name":"poverty","score":0.5419999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-risk-behavior","display_name":"HIV risk behavior","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hiv-infection","display_name":"HIV infection","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-income","display_name":"household income","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/household-assets","display_name":"household assets","score":0.9890000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsistence-agriculture","display_name":"subsistence farming","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rural-malawi","display_name":"rural Malawi","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traditional-authority","display_name":"traditional authority","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/care","display_name":"care","score":0.7049999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/safe-program","display_name":"SAFE program","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-interventions","display_name":"structural interventions","score":0.48399999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilevel-interventions","display_name":"multilevel interventions","score":0.5669999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mediating-and-moderating-effects","display_name":"mediating and moderating effects","score":0.5299999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropometric-outcomes","display_name":"anthropometric outcomes","score":0.49900001287460327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/program-evaluation","display_name":"program evaluation","score":0.3529999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C549605437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1229911","display_name":"Food security","level":3,"score":0.7433327436447144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189326681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10294","display_name":"Poverty","level":2,"score":0.6584783792495728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95713431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631425","display_name":"Vulnerability (computing)","level":2,"score":0.6527966856956482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.605010986328125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.5968793034553528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5516595840454102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156005406","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2787508","display_name":"Subsistence agriculture","level":3,"score":0.47493937611579895},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147077947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1515895","display_name":"Socioeconomic status","level":3,"score":0.44799935817718506},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74909509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10387","display_name":"Gerontology","level":1,"score":0.35456883907318115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.2644101083278656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.23558104038238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.20814844965934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.2072281837463379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17402046918869019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.15643206238746643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.11315760016441345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","pdf_url":"https://springerplus.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531072874","display_name":"SpringerPlus","issn_l":"2193-1801","issn":["2193-1801"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SpringerPlus","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:3063192","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4082534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4082534","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4082534","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Springerplus","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:25019044","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25019044","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SpringerPlus","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.780.2628","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.780.2628","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ftp://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/c2/44/40064_2014_Article_1028.PMC4082534.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","pdf_url":"https://springerplus.springeropen.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/2193-1801-3-296","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2531072874","display_name":"SpringerPlus","issn_l":"2193-1801","issn":["2193-1801"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","jufo-1","poland-40","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319972","host_organization_name":"Springer International Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319972","https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer International Publishing","Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"SpringerPlus","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"No poverty","score":1.0,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/1"},{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9940000176429749,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"},{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.7307999730110168,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"display_name":"Zero hunger","score":0.6735000014305115,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"},{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.48510000109672546,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Study Protocol","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/study-protocol"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4811833899","display_name":"Pathways Linking Poverty, Food Insecurity, and HIV in Rural Malawi","funder_award_id":"R01HD055868","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6820463676","display_name":"California Center for Population Research (CCPR) at UCLA","funder_award_id":"R24HD041022","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","funder_display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320312710","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332161","display_name":"National Institutes of Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01cwqze88"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337364","display_name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337611","display_name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","ror":"https://ror.org/04byxyr05"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2133258174.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2133258174.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1480074221","https://openalex.org/W1488362390","https://openalex.org/W1495403436","https://openalex.org/W1496803192","https://openalex.org/W1520755657","https://openalex.org/W1558828271","https://openalex.org/W1589275176","https://openalex.org/W1641502079","https://openalex.org/W1699247647","https://openalex.org/W1730782591","https://openalex.org/W1751817640","https://openalex.org/W1925223954","https://openalex.org/W1928755576","https://openalex.org/W1974898069","https://openalex.org/W1977863675","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W1984963575","https://openalex.org/W1986146511","https://openalex.org/W1992730027","https://openalex.org/W2001547737","https://openalex.org/W2006098036","https://openalex.org/W2015676171","https://openalex.org/W2017854361","https://openalex.org/W2024437834","https://openalex.org/W2025953061","https://openalex.org/W2029852672","https://openalex.org/W2032585684","https://openalex.org/W2035087797","https://openalex.org/W2067940218","https://openalex.org/W2082509221","https://openalex.org/W2087265149","https://openalex.org/W2090954826","https://openalex.org/W2092459684","https://openalex.org/W2107031757","https://openalex.org/W2107968130","https://openalex.org/W2110483056","https://openalex.org/W2113565946","https://openalex.org/W2119011130","https://openalex.org/W2120986885","https://openalex.org/W2122707249","https://openalex.org/W2128604786","https://openalex.org/W2138974644","https://openalex.org/W2139955327","https://openalex.org/W2147454523","https://openalex.org/W2148072937","https://openalex.org/W2149860264","https://openalex.org/W2155569064","https://openalex.org/W2157129326","https://openalex.org/W2158441310","https://openalex.org/W2170122240","https://openalex.org/W2193470118","https://openalex.org/W2273699161","https://openalex.org/W2529785768","https://openalex.org/W2777750745","https://openalex.org/W2917623223","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4300870773","https://openalex.org/W4391268550"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097292783","https://openalex.org/W2472738763","https://openalex.org/W2247949408","https://openalex.org/W99192696","https://openalex.org/W1031440363","https://openalex.org/W4413357192","https://openalex.org/W4311438994","https://openalex.org/W7052545045","https://openalex.org/W7140447749","https://openalex.org/W2252305948"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"BACKGROUND:":[0],"Poverty":[1],"and":[2,25,54,61,80,94,103,138,169,190,195,197,217,227,244,256,269,272,287],"lack":[3],"of":[4,9,15,22,82,91,96,99,150,152,230,258,261,302,331],"a":[5,87,100,221,297,332],"predictable,":[6],"stable":[7],"source":[8],"food":[10,62,104,139,288],"are":[11,234,249,295],"two":[12,148],"fundamental":[13],"determinants":[14],"ill":[16],"health,":[17],"including":[18],"HIV/AIDS.":[19],"Conversely,":[20],"episodes":[21],"poor":[23],"health":[24,346],"death":[26],"from":[27,147],"HIV":[28,68,124,127,130,264,280,319],"can":[29],"disrupt":[30],"the":[31,78,92,97,164,178,215,259,267,274,329,339],"ability":[32],"to":[33,108,112,162,226,253,312,318],"maintain":[34],"economic":[35,59,102,132,285],"stability":[36],"in":[37,57,67,76,214,239,276,279],"affected":[38],"households,":[39],"especially":[40],"those":[41],"that":[42],"rely":[43],"on":[44,86,263,336],"subsistence":[45],"farming.":[46],"However,":[47],"little":[48],"empirical":[49],"research":[50,322],"has":[51],"examined":[52],"if,":[53],"how,":[55],"improvements":[56],"people's":[58],"status":[60,133],"security":[63,105,140,289],"translate":[64],"into":[65,284],"changes":[66,278],"vulnerability.":[69],"METHODS:":[70],"In":[71,177,205,310],"this":[72,321],"paper,":[73],"we":[74,181,200,207,233,294],"describe":[75],"detail":[77],"methods":[79],"protocol":[81],"an":[83],"academic-NGO":[84],"collaboration":[85],"quasi-experimental,":[88],"longitudinal":[89],"study":[90],"mechanisms":[93],"magnitude":[95],"impact":[98,330],"multilevel":[101,251,333],"program":[106,166,184,242],"(Support":[107],"Able-Bodied":[109],"Vulnerable":[110],"Groups":[111],"Achieve":[113],"Food":[114],"Security;":[115],"SAFE),":[116],"as":[117],"implemented":[118],"by":[119,160],"CARE.":[120],"Primary":[121],"outcomes":[122,237,265,281,286],"include":[123],"vulnerability":[125],"(i.e.,":[126,134],"risk":[128],"behaviors,":[129],"infection),":[131],"income,":[135],"household":[136],"assets)":[137],"(including":[141],"anthropometric":[142],"measures).":[143],"We":[144,248],"recruited":[145,182],"participants":[146,185,243],"types":[149],"areas":[151,219],"rural":[153],"central":[154],"Malawi:":[155],"traditional":[156],"authorities":[157],"(TA)":[158],"selected":[159],"CARE":[161,174],"receive":[163],"SAFE":[165,241,262,307],"(intervention":[167],"group)":[168],"TAs":[170],"receiving":[171],"other":[172,342],"unrelated":[173],"programming":[175],"(controls).":[176],"intervention":[179,216,236,335],"TAs,":[180],"598":[183],"(398":[186],"women,":[187],"200":[188],"men)":[189],"interviewed":[191,201],"them":[192],"at":[193,266,290],"baseline":[194],"18-":[196],"36-month":[198,222],"follow-ups;":[199],"301":[202],"control":[203,218],"households.":[204],"addition,":[206],"conducted":[208],"random":[209],"surveys":[210],"(n":[211],"=":[212],"1002)":[213],"with":[220,305,338],"assessment":[223],"interval,":[224],"prior":[225],"after":[228],"implementation":[229],"SAFE.":[231],"Thus,":[232],"examining":[235,313],"both":[238],"direct":[240],"their":[245],"larger":[246],"communities.":[247],"using":[250],"modeling":[252],"examine":[254],"mediators":[255],"moderators":[257],"effects":[260],"individual":[268],"community":[270],"levels":[271],"determine":[273],"ways":[275],"which":[277],"feed":[282],"back":[283],"later":[291],"interviews.":[292],"Finally,":[293],"conducting":[296],"qualitative":[298],"end-of-program":[299],"evaluation":[300],"consisting":[301],"in-depth":[303],"interviews":[304],"90":[306],"participants.":[308],"DISCUSSION:":[309],"addition":[311],"pathways":[314],"linking":[315],"structural":[316],"factors":[317],"vulnerability,":[320],"will":[323],"yield":[324],"important":[325],"information":[326],"for":[327,341],"understanding":[328],"environmental/structural":[334],"HIV,":[337],"potential":[340],"sustainable":[343],"long-term":[344],"public":[345],"benefits.":[347]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}