{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2131118330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","title":"Use of a Computerized Forcing Function Improves Performance in Ordering Restraints","display_name":"Use of a Computerized Forcing Function Improves Performance in Ordering Restraints","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-07-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2131118330","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","mag":"2131118330","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18640744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116012647","display_name":"Annals of Emergency Medicine","issn_l":"0196-0644","issn":["0196-0644","1085-8717","1097-6760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Emergency Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043018613","display_name":"Richard Thomas Griffey","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-7380","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-7380"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1299725459","display_name":"Barnes-Jewish Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04wyvkr12","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299725459","https://openalex.org/I1328499231"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204465549","display_name":"Washington University in St. Louis","ror":"https://ror.org/01yc7t268","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Richard T. Griffey","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA. griffeyr@wustl.edu","Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA. griffeyr@wustl.edu","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299725459","https://openalex.org/I204465549"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Emergency Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St. Louis, MO","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1299725459","https://openalex.org/I204465549"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049899825","display_name":"Kathleen A. Wittels","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kathleen Wittels","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033637524","display_name":"Nicki Gilboy","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicki Gilboy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine Brigham and Women\u2019s Hospital Harvard Medical School Boston MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010499068","display_name":"Andrew T. McAfee","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283280774","display_name":"Brigham and Women's Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/04b6nzv94","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I121934306","https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I48633490"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew T. McAfee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Emergency Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283280774","https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3850,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3850},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.927,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91869985,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"4","first_page":"469","last_page":"476"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.6967999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10350","display_name":"Electronic Health Records Systems","score":0.6967999935150146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3605","display_name":"Health Information Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11678","display_name":"Healthcare Decision-Making and Restraints","score":0.21389999985694885,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3203","display_name":"Clinical Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10508","display_name":"Patient Safety and Medication Errors","score":0.03220000118017197,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3604","display_name":"Emergency Medical Services"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computerized-reminders","display_name":"computerized reminders","score":0.8009999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forcing-functions","display_name":"forcing functions","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/patient-restraint","display_name":"patient restraint","score":0.46000000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emergency-department","display_name":"emergency department","score":0.6919999718666077}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8665956258773804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5432599186897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44249647","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208498","display_name":"Confidence interval","level":2,"score":0.5280928015708923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197115733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1003136","display_name":"Forcing (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4916854500770569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776164194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2501440","display_name":"Expiration","level":3,"score":0.4335106611251831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99476002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42297","display_name":"Analysis of variance","level":2,"score":0.4316590428352356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102959455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7313954","display_name":"Repeated measures design","level":2,"score":0.4140235483646393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2882813811302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.1933576464653015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11722761392593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C534529494","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7891","display_name":"Respiratory system","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004636","descriptor_name":"Emergency Service, Hospital","qualifier_ui":"Q000458","qualifier_name":"organization & administration","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011446","descriptor_name":"Prospective Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012149","descriptor_name":"Restraint, Physical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013996","descriptor_name":"Time and Motion Studies","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014584","descriptor_name":"User-Computer Interface","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017010","descriptor_name":"Reminder Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017598","descriptor_name":"Efficiency, Organizational","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018709","descriptor_name":"Statistics, Nonparametric","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D050316","descriptor_name":"Medical Order Entry Systems","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annemergmed.2008.05.035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S116012647","display_name":"Annals of Emergency Medicine","issn_l":"0196-0644","issn":["0196-0644","1085-8717","1097-6760"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of Emergency Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:18640744","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18640744","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annals of emergency medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7246000170707703,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979866174","https://openalex.org/W1983299422","https://openalex.org/W2000330458","https://openalex.org/W2024844642","https://openalex.org/W2028757908","https://openalex.org/W2053284172","https://openalex.org/W2061450595","https://openalex.org/W2083062358","https://openalex.org/W2103120311","https://openalex.org/W2103354001","https://openalex.org/W2105188680","https://openalex.org/W2108647030","https://openalex.org/W2716370100","https://openalex.org/W4211200936","https://openalex.org/W4295816668","https://openalex.org/W6645449224"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2089932135","https://openalex.org/W2126342869","https://openalex.org/W2059127565","https://openalex.org/W2007908564","https://openalex.org/W2792091103","https://openalex.org/W1976519356","https://openalex.org/W2202542819","https://openalex.org/W7056159331","https://openalex.org/W2081694448","https://openalex.org/W2940712555"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}