{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129655199","doi":null,"title":"ACQUIRING FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO FORM NEW VENTURES: PECKING ORDER THEORY AND THE EMERGING FIRM","display_name":"ACQUIRING FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO FORM NEW VENTURES: PECKING ORDER THEORY AND THE EMERGING FIRM","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129655199","mag":"2129655199"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2129655199","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalknowledge.babson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1443&context=fer","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764854513","display_name":"Frontiers of entrepreneurship research","issn_l":"0740-7416","issn":["0740-7416"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of entrepreneurship research","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017057999","display_name":"Casey J. Frid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-4662","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-4662"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I8078737","display_name":"Clemson University","ror":"https://ror.org/037s24f05","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Casey J. Frid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clemson University"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1929-4662","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clemson University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017057999"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I8078737"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5019,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78796609,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"29","issue":"1","first_page":"1","last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.8511000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11903","display_name":"Private Equity and Venture Capital","score":0.8511000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10058","display_name":"Entrepreneurship Studies and Influences","score":0.12290000170469284,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10019","display_name":"Corporate Finance and Governance","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pecking-order-theory","display_name":"pecking order theory","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-finance","display_name":"entrepreneurial finance","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/startup-financing","display_name":"startup financing","score":0.5559999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-companies","display_name":"emerging companies","score":0.6679999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/funding-sources","display_name":"funding sources","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/personal-funds","display_name":"personal funds","score":0.6140000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/debt-and-equity-financing","display_name":"debt and equity financing","score":0.6840000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entrepreneurial-characteristics","display_name":"entrepreneurial characteristics","score":0.8930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"race","score":0.7099999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-study-of-entrepreneurial-dynamics","display_name":"Panel Study of Entrepreneurial Dynamics","score":0.9120000004768372}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172983313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1567268","display_name":"Pecking order theory","level":4,"score":0.9479548931121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59485491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1438403","display_name":"Pecking order","level":2,"score":0.9279947280883789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.5952037572860718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.5766858458518982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120527767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3196867","display_name":"Debt","level":2,"score":0.574080228805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5344889163970947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199728807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2578557","display_name":"Equity (law)","level":2,"score":0.5178985595703125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994348538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q827451","display_name":"Equity financing","level":3,"score":0.45515817403793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776505452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5380747","display_name":"Entrepreneurial finance","level":3,"score":0.4387891888618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776601338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17152789","display_name":"New Ventures","level":3,"score":0.4207683503627777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47702881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1303118","display_name":"Internal financing","level":3,"score":0.4105268716812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149933338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q950816","display_name":"Capital structure","level":3,"score":0.36932599544525146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21279758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219409","display_name":"Venture capital","level":2,"score":0.3122496008872986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84309077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3908516","display_name":"Entrepreneurship","level":2,"score":0.3113356828689575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2129655199","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://digitalknowledge.babson.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1443&context=fer","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764854513","display_name":"Frontiers of entrepreneurship research","issn_l":"0740-7416","issn":["0740-7416"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Frontiers of entrepreneurship research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33399146","https://openalex.org/W91480530","https://openalex.org/W92531271","https://openalex.org/W152627440","https://openalex.org/W303249254","https://openalex.org/W1514845449","https://openalex.org/W1527552944","https://openalex.org/W1541074052","https://openalex.org/W1576685169","https://openalex.org/W1976868103","https://openalex.org/W1997505667","https://openalex.org/W2009969231","https://openalex.org/W2043368782","https://openalex.org/W2064274768","https://openalex.org/W2075522788","https://openalex.org/W2096271541","https://openalex.org/W2098571024","https://openalex.org/W2114035546","https://openalex.org/W2122613799","https://openalex.org/W2137385593","https://openalex.org/W2141425718","https://openalex.org/W2170790204","https://openalex.org/W2246695006","https://openalex.org/W2341544654","https://openalex.org/W2504484988","https://openalex.org/W3124114405","https://openalex.org/W3124871904"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2199384072","https://openalex.org/W1971979625","https://openalex.org/W2078744886","https://openalex.org/W4205415686","https://openalex.org/W4387503136","https://openalex.org/W3045709169","https://openalex.org/W1971905374","https://openalex.org/W7056367075","https://openalex.org/W2912024385","https://openalex.org/W2015518173"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21],"\u201cpecking":[1,41],"order":[2,100],"theory\u201d":[3],"of":[4,29,52,63,75,83,87,129],"financing":[5,44],"says":[6],"that":[7,94,113],"firms":[8],"and":[9,19,85,90,118],"individuals":[10,59],"will":[11],"use":[12],"personal":[13],"funds":[14],"before":[15],"acquiring":[16],"external":[17],"debt":[18],"equity.":[20],"theory":[22],"has":[23],"been":[24],"applied":[25],"to":[26,78,105],"the":[27,50,61,72,88,127],"study":[28,48],"established":[30],"firms,":[31],"but":[32],"it":[33],"is":[34],"not":[35],"clear":[36],"whether":[37],"entrepreneurs":[38,95],"follow":[39,97],"a":[40,65,98],"order\u201d":[42],"when":[43,101],"their":[45],"startups.":[46],"This":[47],"investigates":[49],"types":[51],"financial":[53],"resources":[54],"acquired":[55],"over":[56],"time,":[57],"by":[58],"in":[60],"process":[62],"creating":[64],"new":[66],"venture.":[67],"It":[68],"uses":[69],"data":[70],"from":[71],"Panel":[73],"Study":[74],"Entrepreneurial":[76],"Dynamics":[77],"investigate":[79],"relationships":[80],"between":[81],"sources":[82],"funding":[84,130],"characteristics":[86,115],"firm":[89],"entrepreneur.":[91],"Results":[92],"indicate":[93,112],"do":[96],"pecking":[99],"financing.":[102],"However,":[103],"contrary":[104],"most":[106],"studies":[107],"on":[108,126],"entrepreneurial":[109],"financing,":[110],"results":[111],"individual":[114],"(e.g.,":[116],"race":[117],"prior":[119],"start-up":[120],"experience)":[121],"may":[122],"have":[123],"an":[124],"effect":[125],"source":[128],"acquired.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}