{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129494341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas021","title":"1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created","display_name":"1493: Uncovering the New World Columbus Created","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-02-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129494341","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas021","mag":"2129494341"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/ajae/aas021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087368025","display_name":"Thomas Grennes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I137902535","display_name":"North Carolina State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04tj63d06","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Grennes","raw_affiliation_strings":["North Carolina State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"North Carolina State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5087368025"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I137902535"],"apc_list":{"value":3750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3750},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":71.2026,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":135,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99917388,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"94","issue":"3","first_page":"818","last_page":"821"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.30809998512268066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12471","display_name":"History of Science and Natural History","score":0.30809998512268066,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14517","display_name":"Diverse Historical and Scientific Studies","score":0.29350000619888306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1207","display_name":"History and Philosophy of Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13302","display_name":"Amazonian Archaeology and Ethnohistory","score":0.06319999694824219,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/columbian-exchange","display_name":"Columbian Exchange","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/christopher-columbus","display_name":"Christopher Columbus","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-colonization-of-the-americas","display_name":"European colonization of the Americas","score":0.6740000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/potato","display_name":"potato","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar","display_name":"sugar","score":0.6240000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maize","display_name":"maize","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rubber","display_name":"rubber","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chocolate","display_name":"chocolate","score":0.6399999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chili-pepper","display_name":"chili pepper","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wheat","display_name":"wheat","score":0.949999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cattle","display_name":"cattle","score":0.9599999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/columbus-day","display_name":"Columbus Day","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anthropogenic-impacts","display_name":"anthropogenic impacts","score":0.4169999957084656}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.294491708278656}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/ajae/aas021","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ajae/aas021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91754907","display_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","issn_l":"0002-9092","issn":["0002-9092","1467-8276"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Agricultural Economics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:oup:ajagec:v:94:y:2012:i:3:p:818-821","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ajae/aas021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1533512392","https://openalex.org/W2105774698","https://openalex.org/W2114498331","https://openalex.org/W2130546880","https://openalex.org/W2143066509","https://openalex.org/W2166670725","https://openalex.org/W2168446116","https://openalex.org/W2170554708","https://openalex.org/W2468814989","https://openalex.org/W2987447477","https://openalex.org/W2994707985","https://openalex.org/W3122357778","https://openalex.org/W3125412951","https://openalex.org/W4214654299","https://openalex.org/W4230739519","https://openalex.org/W4248452156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2260602822","https://openalex.org/W1978791466","https://openalex.org/W7049112361","https://openalex.org/W2487550299","https://openalex.org/W2736037772","https://openalex.org/W3167681149","https://openalex.org/W7098741976","https://openalex.org/W4388119260","https://openalex.org/W4245436009","https://openalex.org/W2314658203"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,40,453],"his":[1,664],"earlier":[2,119],"award-winning":[3],"book,":[4],"1491,":[5],"Charles":[6],"C.":[7],"Mann":[8,103,133,417,468,511,584,793,912,1182,1207,1289,1355,1378,1543,1668],"studied":[9,1430],"civilizations":[10,475,487],"of":[11,18,46,59,67,79,84,110,137,171,187,226,234,266,272,313,338,348,371,390,421,439,459,466,524,569,593,666,678,690,705,707,728,734,747,790,800,851,904,950,1012,1023,1035,1047,1081,1125,1155,1166,1194,1252,1273,1293,1321,1360,1401,1525,1557,1587,1619,1633,1641,1682,1697,1719,1737],"the":[12,16,31,44,49,60,65,73,76,80,94,99,108,114,135,146,154,158,169,185,193,211,220,224,232,244,247,269,287,300,310,318,355,399,422,440,454,460,473,477,493,498,502,522,528,532,535,539,582,586,591,614,630,676,679,688,708,718,724,729,732,735,745,764,788,801,841,846,849,863,888,892,895,909,919,930,937,942,948,962,996,999,1003,1010,1068,1072,1078,1084,1126,1134,1153,1156,1185,1191,1201,1209,1222,1250,1291,1294,1312,1322,1334,1353,1371,1402,1417,1446,1464,1469,1490,1493,1515,1526,1555,1583,1591,1600,1608,1612,1617,1620,1631,1656,1676,1683,1690,1730,1734,1758],"Americas":[13,74,400,441,533,1601],"prior":[14],"to":[15,75,117,174,182,196,203,210,219,236,398,506,625,648,662,694,696,723,744,759,770,831,839,845,887,1009,1015,1032,1039,1062,1089,1113,1143,1152,1212,1221,1267,1333,1362,1422,1502,1582],"arrival":[17],"Columbus.":[19,609],"As":[20,1523],"a":[21,124,160,176,198,207,258,264,278,567,635,640,671,698,773,989,1033,1105,1164,1169,1195,1226,1386,1414,1546,1626,1649,1704,1726,1745],"journalist":[22],"on":[23,54,342,354,431,670,1052,1405,1416,1652,1686,1689,1707,1729],"various":[24],"scientific":[25],"topics,":[26],"he":[27,42,240,367,1384,1410],"has":[28,1173,1385,1647,1669],"written":[29],"for":[30,286,299,449,531,558,701,818,825,898,982,1190,1389,1453,1554,1748],"Atlantic":[32,910,1458],"Monthly,":[33],"Science,":[34],"National":[35],"Geographic,":[36],"and":[37,48,57,70,87,143,195,222,229,290,292,307,364,366,380,408,416,437,492,501,534,549,572,578,621,652,785,809,834,844,861,881,902,916,923,929,966,984,1019,1030,1049,1064,1102,1130,1168,1178,1181,1228,1246,1248,1259,1263,1277,1283,1285,1301,1316,1318,1347,1365,1368,1393,1407,1424,1438,1461,1468,1478,1578,1585,1636,1655,1673,1688,1701,1722,1733,1757],"related":[38,218,1421],"publications.":[39],"1493,":[41],"studies":[43,64],"effect":[45,1651,1706,1728],"Columbus":[47,111,235,251,500,1367],"Europeans":[50,1086],"who":[51,1713],"followed":[52,1225],"him":[53,1162],"plants,":[55,85,570,1345,1720],"animals,":[56,86,228,571,1346,1721],"people":[58,88,230,573,1286,1348,1723],"Americas.":[61,1004],"He":[62,148,205,255,274,303,350,519,1307,1324,1336,1397],"also":[63,275,447,761,1060,1625,1724],"effects":[66,420,1681],"transplanting":[68],"plants":[69,1258,1282],"animals":[71,1260,1284],"from":[72,168,184,231,322,328,395,692,710,783,877,927,977,986,1095,1532,1599],"other":[77,1503,1534,1603,1755],"continents":[78,116,1447],"world.":[81,147,537,583,1085,1323],"This":[82],"movement":[83,225,1696],"in":[89,139,144,163,246,253,260,280,333,404,483,490,497,527,601,606,613,632,643,681,738,862,954,961,979,995,1002,1028,1043,1071,1083,1128,1133,1137,1175,1233,1304,1349,1370,1497,1518,1630,1660,1665,1751,1754],"both":[90,1699],"directions":[91],"was":[92,284,544,551,668,829,836,855,868,972,1077,1507,1611,1624],"called":[93,127],"Columbian":[95,529,1295,1372,1527,1609],"Exchange":[96,530,1373,1610],"(CE)":[97],"by":[98,106,152,213,242,317,424,589,660,781,787,816,823,875,952,974,1200,1280,1299,1431,1549],"historian,":[100],"Crosby":[101,105,405],"(1973).":[102],"follows":[104,149],"interpreting":[107],"voyages":[109],"as":[112,324,326,360,374,515,616,618,685,796,1163,1237,1239,1243,1564,1709,1711],"reuniting":[113,1278],"separate":[115,352],"their":[118,552,556,1091,1558,1588],"form":[120],"when":[121,480],"they":[122,445,481,622,638,778,1109,1140,1147],"were":[123,297,315,393,414,442,446,488,496,598,611,623,713,779,906,1087,1110,1141,1203,1261,1265,1374,1463,1471,1597,1685],"single":[125],"landmass":[126],"Pangaea,":[128],"250":[129],"million":[130],"years":[131],"ago.":[132],"emphasizes":[134],"importance":[136,523],"humans":[138],"overcoming":[140,1274],"geographical":[141,1275],"barriers":[142,1276],"re-shaping":[145],"some":[150,507,817,1159,1264,1399,1586,1606],"biologists":[151],"calling":[153],"period":[155,673,776,1211],"after":[156,627,944],"1492":[157,1661],"Homogenocene,":[159],"new":[161,1216,1223,1449],"epoch":[162],"human":[164,1219],"history":[165,1632],"that":[166,190,200,262,283,296,382,392,476,542,574,646,674,721,742,750,756,812,1184,1206,1231,1342,1351,1427,1492,1593,1643,1658],"results":[167],"\u201cmixing":[170],"unlike":[172],"substances":[173],"create":[175],"uniform":[177,1509],"blend\u201d.":[178],"Mann's":[179,1741],"approach":[180],"is":[181,201,1187,1379,1514,1590],"borrow":[183],"literature":[186,1404],"several":[188,594,1305],"disciplines":[189],"have":[191,383,813,1343,1428,1488,1530],"addressed":[192],"CE,":[194],"provide":[197],"synthesis":[199],"informative":[202],"non-specialists.":[204],"introduces":[206],"personal":[208],"element":[209],"book":[212,336,1742],"visiting":[214,243],"important":[215,285,298,343,357,595,959,1614,1666],"historical":[216],"sites":[217,1331],"CE":[221,423,1202,1684],"tracing":[223],"crops,":[227,806],"time":[233],"today.":[237,1288,1520],"For":[238],"example,":[239],"begins":[241],"site":[245],"Dominican":[248],"Republic":[249],"where":[250,1055,1146],"landed":[252],"1492.":[254],"then":[256],"visits":[257,276,304],"park":[259],"Manila":[261,951,957],"contains":[263],"statue":[265],"Miguel":[267],"Legazpi,":[268],"Spanish":[270,478,540,938,967,1069],"founder":[271],"Manila.":[273],"Yuegang,":[277],"town":[279,991,1001],"coastal":[281],"China":[282,928,965,1029,1177],"China-Manila":[288],"trade,":[289],"Belem":[291,1101],"Manaus,":[293,1103],"Brazilian":[294,1098],"towns":[295],"rubber":[301,1082,1093,1121,1157],"trade.":[302],"Puebla,":[305],"Mexico":[306],"discusses":[308,913],"how":[309,914,1366],"Talavera":[311,329],"ceramics":[312,320,327],"Puebla":[314],"influenced":[316,918,1352,1489],"Chinese":[319],"coming":[321],"Manila,":[323],"well":[325,1238,1710],"de":[330],"la":[331],"Reina":[332],"Spain.":[334],"The":[335,485,655,754,969,1005,1218,1271,1638,1679,1694,1717],"consists":[337],"nine":[339],"chapters":[340,353],"based":[341,669],"products,":[344,358],"locations,":[345],"or":[346,396,406,517,604,1541,1602],"groups":[347],"people.":[349],"includes":[351],"more":[356,387,1309],"such":[359,373,684,1242,1563],"potatoes,":[361],"sugar,":[362],"maize,":[363],"rubber,":[365],"provides":[368,469,1308,1337],"shorter":[369],"discussion":[370],"others,":[372],"chocolate,":[375],"chili":[376],"peppers":[377],"(capsicum),":[378],"wheat,":[379],"cattle,":[381],"altered":[384],"cultures.":[385],"A":[386],"comprehensive":[388],"list":[389],"products":[391,1315,1596],"exported":[394],"imported":[397],"can":[401],"be":[402,697,1213,1268,1744],"found":[403],"Nunn":[407,1437],"Qian":[409],"(2010).":[410],"Not":[411,1255],"all":[412,1256,1594],"changes":[413],"beneficial,":[415],"acknowledges":[418],"unfavorable":[419],"including":[425,1100,1560],"an":[426,797,958,1116,1214,1357,1381,1457],"entire":[427,536],"chapter":[428],"(\u201cEvil":[429],"Air\u201d)":[430],"diseases.":[432],"Death":[433],"rates":[434],"among":[435],"slaves":[436,876,905],"natives":[438],"high,":[443],"but":[444,510,821,947,1383,1409,1466,1505],"high":[448,819,826],"early":[450,617,798,970],"English":[451,461],"settlers.":[452],"Jamestown":[455],"colony":[456],"(1607\u20131623),":[457],"80%":[458],"settlers":[462],"died":[463],"within":[464],"months":[465],"arriving.":[467],"useful":[470,1338,1671],"information":[471,1328,1339],"about":[472,1311,1329,1340],"advanced":[474],"encountered":[479],"arrived":[482,939,1070],"America.":[484,968,1096],"corn-based":[486],"centered":[489],"Mexico,":[491],"potato-based":[494],"cultures":[495,1529],"Andes.":[499],"Conquistadors":[503],"are":[504],"villains":[505,516],"modern":[508,802,980,1537,1653],"writers,":[509],"avoids":[512],"judging":[513],"them":[514,1132],"heroes.":[518],"does":[520,1411],"document":[521],"these":[525,1024,1595],"participants":[526,1369],"After":[538,634],"realized":[541],"America":[543,693,1076,1486],"not":[545,714,1058,1188,1380,1412,1508,1715],"India,":[546,840],"acquiring":[547],"gold":[548],"silver":[550,976],"main":[553],"goal.":[554],"However,":[555,1045,1115],"search":[557],"precious":[559],"metals":[560],"had":[561,575,933,1648,1703,1725],"many":[562,1240],"unintended":[563],"consequences.":[564],"It":[565,1623],"initiated":[566],"diffusion":[568,587],"enormous":[576,1234],"biological":[577],"economic":[579,1235,1391,1395,1419,1425,1628,1739],"consequences":[580],"throughout":[581],"illustrates":[585],"process":[588,1230,1272],"following":[590],"travels":[592],"products.":[596],"There":[597],"no":[599],"potatoes":[600,691,758,795,1051],"Ireland,":[602],"Germany,":[603],"anywhere":[605],"Europe":[607,626,695,760,771],"before":[608,936],"Potatoes":[610,712],"domesticated":[612],"Andes":[615,631,755],"2000":[619],"BC,":[620],"sent":[624,757,762,907],"Pizarro":[628],"attacked":[629],"1532.":[633],"slow":[636],"introduction,":[637],"became":[639,998],"major":[641,699],"staple":[642],"Northern":[644],"Europe,":[645],"contributed":[647,722,1031,1061,1151],"population":[649,657,667,1036],"growth":[650,1037,1426,1500,1506],"(Nunn":[651],"Qian,":[653,1439],"2011).":[654],"European":[656,703,1454],"data":[658,1672],"used":[659],"Malthus":[661,1041],"construct":[663],"theory":[665],"sample":[672],"included":[675,752],"introduction":[677],"potato":[680,719,736],"Europe.":[682,1044,1114],"Historians,":[683],"McNeill,":[686],"consider":[687],"transplantation":[689,1011],"reason":[700],"subsequent":[702,1210,1663,1735],"domination":[704],"much":[706],"world":[709,1738],"1750\u20131950.":[711],"without":[715],"problems,":[716],"especially":[717,1017,1452],"blight":[720],"Irish":[725],"Potato":[726],"Famine":[727],"1840s.":[730],"Also":[731],"appearance":[733,1193],"beetle":[737],"1861":[739],"caused":[740],"problems":[741],"led":[743,1008],"development":[746,789],"chemical":[748,791],"pesticides":[749,811],"first":[751,765,1092],"arsenic.":[753],"guano,":[763],"intensive":[766],"fertilizer.":[767],"Guano":[768],"exports":[769],"experienced":[772],"brief":[774,1106],"boom":[775,1107],"until":[777],"displaced":[780],"nitrates":[782],"Chile":[784],"later":[786],"fertilizers.":[792],"identifies":[794],"example":[799],"agro-industrial":[803,1692],"complex:":[804],"improved":[805],"high-intensity":[807],"fertilizers,":[808],"factory-made":[810],"been":[814,1429],"praised":[815],"productivity":[820],"denounced":[822],"others":[824,1432],"toxicity.":[827],"Sugar":[828,854],"native":[830],"New":[832,1073,1482],"Guinea,":[833],"it":[835,1303,1540],"gradually":[837],"moved":[838,886],"Middle":[842],"East,":[843],"islands":[847,943],"off":[848],"coast":[850],"northwest":[852],"Africa.":[853],"often":[856],"produced":[857],"with":[858,870,891,1456,1485,1545],"slave":[859,899,922,1253],"labor,":[860],"ninth":[864],"century,":[865],"lower":[866],"Mesopotamia":[867],"covered":[869],"extensive":[871,1358],"sugarcane":[872,884],"plantations":[873],"worked":[874],"East":[878],"Africa":[879],"(Findlay":[880],"O'Rourke).":[882],"When":[883,1067],"production":[885,1172],"Americas,":[889],"beginning":[890],"West":[893],"Indies,":[894],"derived":[896],"demand":[897],"labor":[900],"increased,":[901],"millions":[903],"across":[908,1314,1319,1510],"Ocean.":[911],"diseases":[915,1341],"immunities":[917],"choice":[920],"between":[921,964],"indentured":[924],"labor.":[925,1254],"Traders":[926],"Philippine":[931,1550],"Islands":[932],"traded":[934],"long":[935],"(and":[940],"named":[941],"King":[945],"Philip),":[946],"founding":[949],"Legazpi":[953],"1570":[955],"made":[956],"intermediary":[960],"trade":[963,971,1406,1423,1484],"dominated":[973],"exchanging":[975],"Potosi":[978],"Bolivia":[981],"silk":[983],"porcelain":[985],"China.":[987],"Potosi,":[988],"mining":[990],"above":[992],"10,000":[993],"feet":[994],"Andes,":[997],"largest":[1000],"trading":[1006,1450],"relationship":[1007],"American":[1013],"crops":[1014,1025],"China,":[1016],"maize":[1018,1048],"sweet":[1020,1050],"potatoes.":[1021],"Production":[1022],"grew":[1026],"rapidly":[1027],"spurt":[1034],"similar":[1038],"what":[1040],"observed":[1042],"planting":[1046],"steep":[1053],"slopes":[1054],"rice":[1056],"would":[1057],"grow":[1059],"deforestation":[1063],"soil":[1065],"erosion.":[1066],"World,":[1074],"South":[1075,1176],"only":[1079],"source":[1080],"amazed":[1088],"see":[1090],"ball":[1094],"Some":[1097],"cities,":[1099],"enjoyed":[1104],"while":[1108],"monopoly":[1111],"exporters":[1112],"Englishman,":[1117],"Henry":[1118],"Wickham,":[1119],"smuggled":[1120],"tree":[1122],"seeds":[1123],"out":[1124],"Amazon":[1127],"1876":[1129],"planted":[1131],"Kew":[1135],"Gardens":[1136],"England.":[1138,1498],"Later":[1139],"transplanted":[1142,1598],"Asian":[1144],"locations":[1145],"prospered.":[1148],"Because":[1149],"Wickham":[1150],"demise":[1154],"monopoly,":[1158],"Brazilians":[1160],"revile":[1161],"\u201cprince":[1165],"thieves\u201d":[1167],"\u201cbio-pirate\u201d.":[1170],"Rubber":[1171],"expanded":[1174],"Laos":[1179],"recently,":[1180],"warns":[1183],"region":[1186],"prepared":[1189,1473],"likely":[1192],"plant":[1196],"disease.":[1197],"Changes":[1198],"induced":[1199],"so":[1204],"fundamental":[1205],"considered":[1208,1266],"entirely":[1215],"epoch.":[1217],"response":[1220],"opportunities":[1224],"trial":[1227],"error":[1229],"resulted":[1232],"benefits":[1236],"errors,":[1241],"spreading":[1244],"disease":[1245],"pollution":[1247],"expanding":[1249],"use":[1251],"migrant":[1257],"welcome,":[1262],"\u201cinvasive":[1269],"species\u201d.":[1270],"Pangaea":[1279],"moving":[1281],"continues":[1287],"applies":[1290],"concept":[1292],"Exchange,":[1296,1528],"originally":[1297],"introduced":[1298],"Crosby,":[1300],"extends":[1302],"ways.":[1306,1667],"detail":[1310],"connections":[1313],"inputs":[1317],"regions":[1320],"incorporates":[1325],"recent":[1326,1639],"archeological":[1327],"specific":[1330],"relevant":[1332],"CE.":[1335,1354],"affected":[1344],"ways":[1350],"assembles":[1356],"body":[1359],"evidence":[1361],"indicate":[1363],"why":[1364],"extremely":[1375],"influential":[1376],"figures.":[1377],"economist,":[1382],"good":[1387,1746],"feel":[1388],"identifying":[1390],"issues":[1392,1420],"recognizing":[1394],"connections.":[1396],"shows":[1398],"awareness":[1400],"economics":[1403],"growth,":[1408],"take":[1413],"stand":[1415],"broader":[1418,1691,1727],"(Acemoglu":[1433,1474],"et":[1434,1475],"al.":[1435,1476],"2002),":[1436],"2011,":[1440,1442],"Nunn,":[1441],"Grennes":[1443],"2007).":[1444],"Reuniting":[1445],"provided":[1448,1670],"opportunities,":[1451],"countries":[1455],"coast.":[1459],"Spain":[1460],"Portugal":[1462],"pioneers,":[1465],"England":[1467],"Netherlands":[1470],"better":[1472],"2005)":[1477],"received":[1479],"greater":[1480],"benefits.":[1481],"beneficial":[1483],"may":[1487],"fact":[1491,1592],"Industrial":[1494,1731],"Revolution":[1495,1732],"began":[1496,1644,1659],"Economic":[1499],"spread":[1501],"countries,":[1504],"countries.":[1511],"One":[1512],"result":[1513],"Great":[1516],"Divergence":[1517],"incomes":[1519],"(Pomeranz":[1521],"2000).":[1522],"part":[1524],"borrowed":[1531],"each":[1533],"extensively,":[1535],"whether":[1536],"residents":[1538],"know":[1539],"not.":[1542],"closes":[1544],"song":[1547],"sung":[1548],"children":[1551,1584],"giving":[1552],"thanks":[1553],"pleasures":[1556],"culture,":[1559],"traditional":[1561],"food,":[1562],"jicama,":[1565],"eggplant,":[1566],"string":[1567],"beans,":[1568,1570],"lima":[1569],"peanuts,":[1571],"radishes,":[1572],"mustard,":[1573],"onions,":[1574],"tomatoes,":[1575],"garlic,":[1576],"ginger,":[1577],"sesame":[1579],"seeds.":[1580],"Unknown":[1581],"parents,":[1589],"continents.":[1604],"To":[1605],"ecologists,":[1607],"most":[1613],"event":[1615,1629],"since":[1616],"extinction":[1618],"dinosaurs":[1621],"(Crosby).":[1622],"crucial":[1627],"globalization":[1634,1642,1664],"(O'Rourke":[1635],"Williamson).":[1637],"episode":[1640,1657],"around":[1645],"1980":[1646],"profound":[1650,1705],"economies,":[1654],"shaped":[1662],"insights":[1674],"into":[1675],"ongoing":[1677],"process.":[1678],"immediate":[1680],"agriculture":[1687],"complex.":[1693],"mass":[1695],"people,":[1698],"voluntary":[1700],"coerced,":[1702],"migrants":[1708],"those":[1712],"did":[1714],"migrate.":[1716],"exchange":[1718],"pattern":[1736],"growth.":[1740],"should":[1743],"read":[1747],"economists":[1749],"interested":[1750],"history,":[1752],"specialists":[1753],"disciplines,":[1756],"general":[1759],"public.":[1760]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
