{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2129282105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","title":"Implementing narrow front silver gridlines through ink jet machine for high quality contacts to silicon solar cells","display_name":"Implementing narrow front silver gridlines through ink jet machine for high quality contacts to silicon solar cells","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2129282105","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","mag":"2129282105"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168774","display_name":"Conference record of the IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","issn_l":"0160-8371","issn":["0160-8371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"volume":null,"type":"conference-paper","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051680191","display_name":"Abasifreke Ebong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-5461","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8808-5461"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Ebong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111720104","display_name":"Ian B. Cooper","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I. B. Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091429310","display_name":"Keith Tate","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K. Tate","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111782573","display_name":"Brian Rounsaville","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6004-537X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0001-6004-537X"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Rounsaville","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"F. Zimbardi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"F. Zimbardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074835549","display_name":"Vijaykumar Upadhyaya","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Upadhyaya","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065200117","display_name":"Ajeet Rohatgi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-6459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1089-6459"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Rohatgi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xjet Solar Limited, Rehovot, Israel","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019998533","display_name":"Miki Dovrat","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Dovrat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058514955","display_name":"Eli M. Kritchman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Kritchman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048003728","display_name":"D. Brusilovsky","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Brusilovsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006698399","display_name":"A. Benichou","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102149020","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte","ror":"https://ror.org/04dawnj30","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Benichou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of North Carolina, Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102149020"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.271,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.73691712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"001050","last_page":"001053"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10624","display_name":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","score":0.7006999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10624","display_name":"Silicon and Solar Cell Technologies","score":0.7006999850273132,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11523","display_name":"Nanomaterials and Printing Technologies","score":0.28859999775886536,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10623","display_name":"Thin-Film Transistor Technologies","score":0.004800000227987766,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inkjet-printing","display_name":"inkjet printing","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/front-contacts","display_name":"front contacts","score":0.7039999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/silicon-solar-cells","display_name":"silicon solar cells","score":0.9700000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series-resistance","display_name":"series resistance","score":0.5320000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/co-firing","display_name":"co-combustion","score":0.652999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/finger-spacing","display_name":"finger spacing","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/solar-cell-efficiency","display_name":"solar cell efficiency","score":0.5799999833106995}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14485415","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5384730","display_name":"Equivalent series resistance","level":3,"score":0.6254510879516602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160671074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267131","display_name":"Wafer","level":2,"score":0.6025088429450989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544956773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q670","display_name":"Silicon","level":2,"score":0.5849478840827942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66825105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q354718","display_name":"Sheet resistance","level":3,"score":0.5810667872428894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.48446226119995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109693293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1496072","display_name":"Inkwell","level":2,"score":0.4806636571884155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776985018","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7202314","display_name":"Plating (geology)","level":2,"score":0.4625712037086487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777551076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q842332","display_name":"Front (military)","level":2,"score":0.41085508465766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.347705602645874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.2937310039997101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2648831903934479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.26006248593330383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2476109266281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.20022255182266235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.18510693311691284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/pvsc.2011.6186132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210168774","display_name":"Conference record of the IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","issn_l":"0160-8371","issn":["0160-8371"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["jufo-1","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"conference"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.878000020980835},{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.4943999946117401}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":2,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W394929256","https://openalex.org/W1999024284"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W394929256","https://openalex.org/W1843115060","https://openalex.org/W2010710241","https://openalex.org/W2079382025","https://openalex.org/W2991033881","https://openalex.org/W1999024284","https://openalex.org/W1963922400","https://openalex.org/W2308233160","https://openalex.org/W2048025313","https://openalex.org/W391180399"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1],"paper":[2],"we":[3],"report":[4],"on":[5,70],"the":[6,9,28],"evaluation":[7],"of":[8,11,41,47,54,61,68,78],"feasibility":[10],"jetting":[12],"full":[13],"gridline":[14],"contacts":[15],"to":[16,65],"fabricate":[17],"solar":[18],"cells":[19],"without":[20],"additional":[21],"plating":[22],"step.":[23],"We":[24],"have":[25],"demonstrated,":[26],"for":[27,88],"first":[29],"time,":[30],"fully":[31],"ink":[32,96],"jetted":[33],"front":[34],"Ag":[35],"gridlines":[36],"with":[37,75,91],"average":[38,58,66],"line":[39],"width":[40],"only":[42],"56.6":[43],"\u03bcm":[44],"and":[45,63,85,97],"height":[46],"30":[48],"\u03bcm.":[49],"A":[50],"high":[51],"series":[52],"resistance":[53,77],"1.1":[55],"\u03a9-cm2resulted":[56],"in":[57],"fill":[59],"factor":[60],"0.767":[62],"led":[64],"efficiency":[67],"18.0%":[69],"239":[71],"cm2commercial":[72],"CZ":[73],"wafers":[74],"sheet":[76],"65-\u03a9/sq.":[79],"This":[80],"result":[81],"is":[82],"very":[83],"promising":[84],"leaves":[86],"room":[87],"improvement,":[89],"especially":[90],"optimized":[92],"finger":[93],"spacing,":[94],"improved":[95],"co-firing":[98],"process.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}