{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2128694082","doi":null,"title":"The shift in forest and tree limits in Troms County - with a main focus on temperature and herbivores","display_name":"The shift in forest and tree limits in Troms County - with a main focus on temperature and herbivores","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2128694082","mag":"2128694082"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:stud.epsilon.slu.se:4044","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","pdf_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401562","display_name":"Epsilon Archive for Student Projects (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"H2"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065642905","display_name":"Kristoffer Normark","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Kristoffer Normark","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065642905"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11594","display_name":"Tree-ring climate responses","score":0.26030001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11594","display_name":"Tree-ring climate responses","score":0.26030001044273376,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10005","display_name":"Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies","score":0.24650000035762787,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2309","display_name":"Nature and Landscape Conservation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14468","display_name":"Plant Ecology and Soil Science","score":0.08410000056028366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treeline-shift","display_name":"treeline shift","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treeline","display_name":"treeline","score":0.574999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-sum","display_name":"temperature sum","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/growing-season-length","display_name":"growing season length","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reindeer-grazing","display_name":"reindeer grazing","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maritimity","display_name":"maritimity","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distance-from-shore","display_name":"distance from shore","score":0.8230000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199877563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55613","display_name":"Ecotone","level":3,"score":0.9188994765281677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6350597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339495","display_name":"Altitude (triangle)","level":2,"score":0.745258629322052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71502557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207762","display_name":"Tree line","level":3,"score":0.6221526861190796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.4734365940093994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4586153030395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.45029306411743164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.4353887438774109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.41873034834861755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97137747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38112","display_name":"Forestry","level":1,"score":0.35742053389549255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.3215380311012268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.16937580704689026},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1400676667690277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.1318272352218628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:stud.epsilon.slu.se:4044","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","pdf_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401562","display_name":"Epsilon Archive for Student Projects (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"H2"},{"id":"mag:2128694082","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/1/Normark_K_120411.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:stud.epsilon.slu.se:4044","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","pdf_url":"https://stud.epsilon.slu.se/4044/","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401562","display_name":"Epsilon Archive for Student Projects (University of Southampton)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I43439940","host_organization_name":"University of Southampton","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43439940"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"H2"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5942045412","display_name":"International Network for Terrestrial Research and Monitoring in the Arctic","funder_award_id":"262693","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2128694082.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2128694082.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40204556","https://openalex.org/W78215985","https://openalex.org/W155645426","https://openalex.org/W849091798","https://openalex.org/W1485161524","https://openalex.org/W1502690526","https://openalex.org/W1537190984","https://openalex.org/W1921278406","https://openalex.org/W1983578570","https://openalex.org/W1997375942","https://openalex.org/W1999150146","https://openalex.org/W1999453883","https://openalex.org/W2005382405","https://openalex.org/W2007488097","https://openalex.org/W2024033899","https://openalex.org/W2032397027","https://openalex.org/W2035733507","https://openalex.org/W2047647497","https://openalex.org/W2052767522","https://openalex.org/W2058959500","https://openalex.org/W2069600668","https://openalex.org/W2078662129","https://openalex.org/W2082145981","https://openalex.org/W2083752265","https://openalex.org/W2091495157","https://openalex.org/W2092366856","https://openalex.org/W2092525110","https://openalex.org/W2103818866","https://openalex.org/W2110817581","https://openalex.org/W2120934611","https://openalex.org/W2122187071","https://openalex.org/W2125300320","https://openalex.org/W2128123188","https://openalex.org/W2128149255","https://openalex.org/W2131104877","https://openalex.org/W2139049097","https://openalex.org/W2167746920","https://openalex.org/W2171967465","https://openalex.org/W2175939865","https://openalex.org/W2180883778","https://openalex.org/W2316952796","https://openalex.org/W2331987053","https://openalex.org/W2407890818"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2550376740","https://openalex.org/W7019316433","https://openalex.org/W7162552616","https://openalex.org/W7208427858","https://openalex.org/W2046957814","https://openalex.org/W2046825042","https://openalex.org/W4315778314","https://openalex.org/W2003464494","https://openalex.org/W4415930776","https://openalex.org/W4211200152"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"better":[1],"understand":[2],"how":[3],"various":[4],"factors":[5],"affect":[6],"the":[7,14,35,46,56,65,83,98,104,125,133,149,156,162,179,186,213,223,229,239,242,245,252],"establishment":[8],"of":[9,27,45,103,151,164,178,212,231,241,257,268,277,282,293],"forest":[10,29,66,136,152,214,270],"and":[11,30,61,101,137,204,215,259],"trees":[12],"around":[13],"tree":[15,31,87,138,159,187,216],"line-ecotone,":[16],"this":[17],"study":[18],"was":[19,166],"conducted":[20,59],"in":[21,73,92,127,130,135,142,158,208,244,275],"Troms":[22],"County,":[23],"Norway.":[24],"The":[25,86,140,210,266],"altitude":[26,211],"different":[28],"limits":[32,217],"together":[33],"with":[34,51,70,219,248],"surrounding":[36],"vegetation":[37,262],"type":[38],"were":[39,49],"collected":[40,47,53],"during":[41],"August":[42],"2011.":[43],"Comparisons":[44],"data":[48,54],"made":[50],"previously":[52],"from":[55],"same":[57],"sites":[58,184],"1914":[60],"1915.":[62],"On":[63],"average":[64],"limit":[67,88,188],"has":[68,89,189,193,271,286],"expanded":[69,91],"26":[71],"meters":[72],"altitude,":[74],"however,":[75],"an":[76],"expansion":[77],"is":[78,110,120],"not":[79,146],"statistically":[80],"significant":[81,122],"for":[82,174,199],"whole":[84],"area.":[85],"significantly":[90],"altitude.":[93],"At":[94,182],"all":[95],"weather":[96],"stations":[97],"temperature":[99,261],"sum":[100],"length":[102],"growing":[105],"season":[106],"have":[107,113,197,264],"increased":[108,260],"which":[109,168,195,288],"proposed":[111],"to":[112,132,148,155,202,206,222,228,251],"positive":[114],"effects":[115],"on":[116],"sapling":[117],"establishment.":[118],"There":[119],"no":[121],"correlation":[123],"between":[124],"change":[126],"sheep":[128],"density":[129,144,192],"relation":[131],"shift":[134,141,150,157,243],"limit.":[139,160],"reindeer":[143,171,191],"did":[145],"correspond":[147],"limit,":[153],"but":[154],"However":[161],"coefficient":[163],"determination":[165],"low":[167],"means":[169],"that":[170,238],"only":[172],"accounts":[173],"a":[175,291],"small":[176],"part":[177],"altitudinal":[180],"shift.":[181],"many":[183],"where":[185],"expanded,":[190],"declined":[194,278],"might":[196,289],"provided":[198],"new":[200],"plants":[201],"establish":[203],"older":[205],"grow":[207],"size.":[209],"increases":[218],"increasing":[220,249],"distance":[221,250],"coast,":[224],"most":[225,273],"likely":[226],"due":[227],"degree":[230],"maritimity.":[232],"It":[233],"should":[234],"also":[235],"be":[236,290],"noted":[237],"magnitude":[240],"limits,":[246],"decrease":[247],"coast.":[253],"With":[254],"reduced":[255,294],"amount":[256,267],"reindeers":[258],"changes":[263],"occurred.":[265],"birch":[269],"increased,":[272,287],"likely,":[274],"expense":[276],"willow-thickets.":[279],"Also":[280],"abundance":[281],"alpine":[283],"lichen/moss":[284],"heath":[285],"result":[292],"grazing":[295],"by":[296],"reindeers.\\n\\n":[297]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-27T15:51:10.671819","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}