{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2128197459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","title":"Cost containment and health care reform: a study of the European Union","display_name":"Cost containment and health care reform: a study of the European Union","publication_year":1994,"publication_date":"1994-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2128197459","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","mag":"2128197459","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10171936"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209709","display_name":"Health Policy","issn_l":"0168-8510","issn":["0168-8510","1872-6054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105166256","display_name":"Brian Abel\u2010Smith","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Brian Abel-Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Social Policy and Administration and LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK","Department of Social Policy and Administration and LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Policy and Administration and LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Social Policy and Administration and LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010563779","display_name":"Elias A. Mossialos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-9297","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8664-9297"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I909854389","display_name":"London School of Economics and Political Science","ror":"https://ror.org/0090zs177","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias Mossialos","raw_affiliation_strings":["European Institute and LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"European Institute and LSE Health, London School of Economics and Political Science, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5105166256"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I909854389"],"apc_list":{"value":4220,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4220},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":24.4933,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":123,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99565721,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"28","issue":"2","first_page":"89","last_page":"132"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.026599999517202377,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.012900000438094139,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-containment","display_name":"cost containment","score":0.7929999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-reform","display_name":"health care reform","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-financing","display_name":"health care financing","score":0.7860000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-organization","display_name":"health care organization","score":0.5120000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/budgetary-control","display_name":"budget control","score":0.7820000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-budgets","display_name":"hospital budgets","score":0.6769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cost-sharing","display_name":"cost sharing","score":0.9649999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drug-pricing","display_name":"drug pricing","score":0.48500001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-pricing","display_name":"reference pricing","score":0.7799999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/eu-member-states","display_name":"EU member states","score":0.777999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/policy-convergence","display_name":"policy convergence","score":0.5569999814033508}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.6394729018211365},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779820595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798505","display_name":"Listing (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6370664834976196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.5750497579574585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5421266555786133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5337660312652588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777019822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390066","display_name":"Containment (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.468584269285202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100001284","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2248246","display_name":"Public economics","level":1,"score":0.43495532870292664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777303404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759757","display_name":"Convergence (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4287331700325012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3681982457637787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.35887598991394043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.341941237449646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.27915269136428833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003363","descriptor_name":"Cost Control","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003625","descriptor_name":"Data Collection","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004364","descriptor_name":"Pharmaceutical Preparations","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004469","descriptor_name":"Economics, Hospital","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005060","descriptor_name":"Europe","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005102","descriptor_name":"Health Expenditures","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005380","descriptor_name":"Financing, Government","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007348","descriptor_name":"Insurance, Health","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009313","descriptor_name":"National Health Programs","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D010820","descriptor_name":"Physicians","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011320","descriptor_name":"Primary Health Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018166","descriptor_name":"Health Care Reform","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-8510(94)90030-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210209709","display_name":"Health Policy","issn_l":"0168-8510","issn":["0168-8510","1872-6054"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","fnege-2","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health Policy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10171936","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10171936","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Health policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands)","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:hdl:10068/487915","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10068/487915","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196900","display_name":"OpenGrey (Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1295345811","host_organization_name":"Institut de l'Information Scientifique et Technique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295345811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"I - Miscellaneous"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eee:hepoli:v:28:y:1994:i:2:p:89-132","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0168-8510(94)90030-2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/874096","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://worldcatlibraries.org/registry/gateway?version=1.0&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&atitle=Cost+Containment+and+Health+Care+Reform:+A+Study+of+the+European+Union&title=HEALTH+POLICY+&volume=28&issue=2&spage=89-132&date=1994-05&au=Abel-Smith,+Brian;+Mossialos,+Elias","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"eweb:140237","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"score":0.5199999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1498145368","https://openalex.org/W1967691773","https://openalex.org/W2152788220"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W49327789","https://openalex.org/W2053052092","https://openalex.org/W643841720","https://openalex.org/W2272447347","https://openalex.org/W588901224","https://openalex.org/W2462900072","https://openalex.org/W33222372","https://openalex.org/W1711769415","https://openalex.org/W2203093378","https://openalex.org/W2338354421"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}