{"id":"https://openalex.org/W21267457","doi":null,"title":"\u0642\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629 492 \u0640 690\u0647\u0640 / 1099 \u0640 1291\u0645","display_name":"\u0642\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646 \u0625\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629 492 \u0640 690\u0647\u0640 / 1099 \u0640 1291\u0645","publication_year":2006,"publication_date":"2006-04-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W21267457","mag":"21267457"},"language":"ar","primary_location":{"id":"mag:21267457","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.najah.edu/ar/publication/journal-article/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9-492-%D9%80-690%D9%87%D9%80-1099-%D9%80-1291%D9%85","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387278339","display_name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)","issn_l":"1727-8449","issn":["1727-8449","2311-8962"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b - \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://scholar.najah.edu/ar/publication/journal-article/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9-492-%D9%80-690%D9%87%D9%80-1099-%D9%80-1291%D9%85","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004010897","display_name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"\u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004010897"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.00862139,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"20","issue":"3","first_page":"731","last_page":"763"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12999","display_name":"Medieval History and Crusades","score":0.9589999914169312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1202","display_name":"History"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13372","display_name":"Archaeology and Historical Studies","score":0.03180000185966492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13714","display_name":"Medieval Architecture and Archaeology","score":0.0015999999595806003,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1204","display_name":"Archeology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugarcane","display_name":"sugarcane","score":0.8259999752044678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugarcane-cultivation","display_name":"sugarcane cultivation","score":0.8709999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugarcane-processing","display_name":"sugarcane processing","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crusader-period","display_name":"Crusader period","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kingdom-of-jerusalem","display_name":"Kingdom of Jerusalem","score":0.902999997138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/palestine","display_name":"Palestine","score":0.5820000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar-trade","display_name":"sugar trade","score":0.4909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar-sweetened-beverage-tax","display_name":"sugar-sweetened beverage tax","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-resources","display_name":"water resources","score":0.4129999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-fertility","display_name":"soil fertility","score":0.6290000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate","display_name":"climate","score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sugar-beet","display_name":"sugar beet","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mount-carmel","display_name":"Mount Carmel","score":0.38999998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sidon","display_name":"Sidon","score":0.8100000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acre","display_name":"Acre","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nablus","display_name":"Nablus","score":0.8790000081062317}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.36765623092651367}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:21267457","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.najah.edu/ar/publication/journal-article/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9-492-%D9%80-690%D9%87%D9%80-1099-%D9%80-1291%D9%85","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387278339","display_name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)","issn_l":"1727-8449","issn":["1727-8449","2311-8962"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b - \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:21267457","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.najah.edu/ar/publication/journal-article/%D9%82%D8%B5%D8%A8-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1-%D9%81%D9%8A-%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D8%B7%D9%8A%D9%86-%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A9-492-%D9%80-690%D9%87%D9%80-1099-%D9%80-1291%D9%85","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4387278339","display_name":"An-Najah University Journal for Research - B (Humanities)","issn_l":"1727-8449","issn":["1727-8449","2311-8962"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["doaj"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-nc","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"\u0645\u062c\u0644\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b - \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.7142999768257141,"display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W75926985","https://openalex.org/W7219997465","https://openalex.org/W2802186382","https://openalex.org/W2899271309","https://openalex.org/W4416850010","https://openalex.org/W2529869052","https://openalex.org/W4301731922","https://openalex.org/W2974577316","https://openalex.org/W4386194369","https://openalex.org/W4225683883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0645":[0],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628":[1],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0646":[2],"\u0628\u0642\u0635\u0628":[3],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631":[4,29,140,169,199],"\u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a":[5],"\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0631\u062a":[6],"\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647":[7,38,49,82,157],"\u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644":[8,20],"\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639":[9],"\u0641\u064a":[10,48,54,58,65,83,105,141,145,162,177,184,191],"\u0628\u0644\u0627\u062f":[11],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u060c":[12],"\u0648\u0645\u0635\u0631\u060c":[13],"\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0627\u0644":[14],"\u0623\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u060c":[15],"\u0648\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0627":[16],"\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639":[17,110],"\u0639\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0647\u060c":[18],"\u0648\u062a\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631\u0647":[19,132],"\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c":[21],"\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627":[22],"\u0642\u062f\u0645":[23],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u062c\u0629":[24],"\u0625\u0644\u0649":[25,41,133,150,155],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u060c":[26,185],"\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0648\u0627":[27],"\u0642\u0635\u0628":[28,62,111,198],"\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644":[30],"\u0645\u0631\u0629":[31],"\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621":[32,67],"\u062d\u0635\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0645":[33],"\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629":[34],"\u0623\u0646\u0637\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c":[35],"\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627":[36],"\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642":[37],"\u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647\u060c":[39],"\u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0647\u0627":[40],"\u0623\u0648\u0631\u0648\u0628\u0627\u060c":[42],"\u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a":[43,166],"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646":[44,66],"\u0645\u0646":[45,173],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642":[46],"\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0629":[47],"\u0648\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u0647":[50,64,158,170,200],"\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644":[51],"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f":[52,182],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u062c\u064a":[53,144,176,183],"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642.":[55],"\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644":[56,78],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062d\u062b":[57],"\u0647\u0630\u0647":[59],"\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629":[60],"\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629":[61,163,167],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u060c":[63,112,128],"\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629":[68],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0631\u0629":[69],"\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u062c\u064a\u0629":[70],"\u0628\u064a\u0646":[71],"\u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a":[72],"\\492\u0640690\u0647\u0640":[73],"/1099\u06401291\u0645\\\u060c":[74],"\u0636\u0645\u0646":[75],"\u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u0629":[76],"\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631\u060c":[77],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631":[79,108,123,136],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644":[80],"\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642":[81,114],"\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0648\u0631\u060c":[84],"\u0648\u0635\u0641\u062f\u060c":[85],"\u0648\u0639\u0643\u0627\u060c":[86],"\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0633":[87],"\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c":[88],"\u0648\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644":[89],"\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d\u0647\u0627":[90],"\u0645\u062b\u0644:":[91],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631":[92],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647\u060c":[93],"\u0648\u062e\u0635\u0648\u0628\u0629":[94],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c":[95],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e":[96],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0645\u060c":[97],"\u0643\u0645\u0627":[98],"\u062a\u0645":[99],"\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b":[100],"\u0639\u0646":[101,148],"\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628":[102],"\u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629":[103],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c":[104],"\u062d\u064a\u0646":[106],"\u0646\u0627\u0642\u0634":[107,126],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a":[109],"\u0648\u0623\u0647\u0645":[113],"\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647":[115,187],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a":[116,153],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u062a":[117],"\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0627":[118],"\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0627":[119],"\u0628\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642":[120],"\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0647\u060c":[121],"\u0623\u0645\u0627":[122],"\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b":[124],"\u0641\u0642\u062f":[125],"\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629":[127],"\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0628":[129],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0636\u0629":[130],"\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c":[131],"\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u060c":[134],"\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646":[135],"\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639":[137],"\u062f\u0648\u0631":[138],"\u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644":[139],"\u062f\u0639\u0645":[142],"\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f":[143,175],"\u0641\u0644\u0633\u0637\u064a\u0646\u060c":[146,192],"\u0641\u0636\u0644\u0627":[147],"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629":[149],"\u0623\u0647\u0645":[151],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644":[152],"\u0623\u062f\u062a":[154],"\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639":[156],"\u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627":[159],"\u0628\u0639\u062f":[160],"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639":[161],"\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062c\u0631":[164],"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0631\u064a.":[165],"\u0642\u0640\u0635\u0628":[168],"\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0627":[171],"\u0647\u0627\u0645\u0627":[172],"\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631":[174],"\u0645\u0645\u0644\u0643\u0629":[178],"\u0628\u064a\u062a":[179],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0633\u060c":[180],"\u0648\u062f\u0639\u0640\u0645":[181],"\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646":[186],"\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d\u0629\u060c":[188],"\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646":[189],"\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627":[190],"\u0625\u0630\u0627":[193],"\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0631\u062a":[194],"\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631":[195],"\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629":[196],"\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629":[197],"\u0644\u0627":[201],"\u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627":[202],"\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-01T11:40:01.658920","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
