{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126723337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","title":"Developments in Trading Patterns in the Common Market and EFTA","display_name":"Developments in Trading Patterns in the Common Market and EFTA","publication_year":1970,"publication_date":"1970-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126723337","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","mag":"2126723337"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079311439","display_name":"M. K. Carney","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189196454","display_name":"The University of Texas at Arlington","ror":"https://ror.org/019kgqr73","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M. K. Carney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Economics, University of Texas, Arlington, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Economics, University of Texas, Arlington, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5079311439"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189196454"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.414,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98217317,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"65","issue":"332","first_page":"1455","last_page":"1455"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9818999767303467,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10605","display_name":"Historical Economic and Social Studies","score":0.006300000008195639,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10289","display_name":"European Union Policy and Governance","score":0.003599999938160181,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-patterns","display_name":"trade patterns","score":0.7870000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-economic-community","display_name":"European Economic Community","score":0.8650000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/european-free-trade-association","display_name":"EFTA","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/customs-union","display_name":"customs union","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/free-trade-area","display_name":"free trade area","score":0.968999981880188},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-discrimination","display_name":"trade discrimination","score":0.6690000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-intensity","display_name":"trade intensity","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-relations","display_name":"trade relations","score":0.4169999957084656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trade-liberalization","display_name":"trade liberalization","score":0.37299999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.5930966138839722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45051096","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1327750","display_name":"Single market","level":3,"score":0.5605766177177429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100243477","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12002092","display_name":"Welfare","level":2,"score":0.550640881061554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.523829996585846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18547055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47417","display_name":"International economics","level":1,"score":0.5104345679283142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C506295513","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q729438","display_name":"Economic integration","level":2,"score":0.48262128233909607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.4603670835494995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018369621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52847","display_name":"European community","level":2,"score":0.44094833731651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30455989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1047494","display_name":"Domestic market","level":2,"score":0.42035186290740967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.4202972650527954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35532855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q200435","display_name":"Free trade","level":2,"score":0.42010024189949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.16819718480110168}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1970.10481176","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.2307/2284329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2284329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/2284329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4394736638","display_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","issn_l":"0162-1459","issn":["0162-1459","1537-274X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Statistical Association","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":8,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W591943262","https://openalex.org/W634802087","https://openalex.org/W2076394769","https://openalex.org/W2216588516","https://openalex.org/W2318867465","https://openalex.org/W2325741868","https://openalex.org/W2333095762","https://openalex.org/W4237172141"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1542047202","https://openalex.org/W2235456639","https://openalex.org/W2041257112","https://openalex.org/W1969333424","https://openalex.org/W4401365060","https://openalex.org/W1996632208","https://openalex.org/W1494856354","https://openalex.org/W1914839763","https://openalex.org/W2075506119","https://openalex.org/W2474436541"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,10,70,96],"European":[1,11],"Economic":[2],"Community":[3],"(EEC)":[4],"was":[5,16],"created":[6],"in":[7,65,100],"January,":[8],"1958.":[9],"Free":[12],"Trade":[13],"Association":[14],"(EFTA)":[15],"organized":[17],"two":[18,35,83],"years":[19],"later":[20],"with":[21],"the":[22,59,66,78,108],"intent":[23],"to":[24,54,76],"\u201ccatch":[25],"up\u201d":[26],"within":[27],"six":[28],"months.":[29],"These":[30],"markets":[31,84],"provide":[32],"instances":[33],"of":[34,38,58,68,72,81,93,111],"major":[36],"types":[37],"discrimination,":[39],"namely":[40],"a":[41,45,90],"customs":[42],"union":[43],"and":[44,87,103],"free-trade":[46],"area.":[47],"They":[48],"have":[49,63],"now":[50],"functioned":[51],"long":[52],"enough":[53],"permit":[55],"useful":[56],"examination":[57],"trading":[60,79,94,101],"patterns":[61,102],"that":[62],"developed":[64],"wake":[67],"discrimination.":[69],"purpose":[71],"this":[73],"article":[74],"is":[75,98],"examine":[77],"relations":[80],"these":[82],"between":[85],"1960":[86],"1967":[88],"using":[89],"particular":[91],"measure":[92],"intensity.":[95],"concern":[97],"changes":[99],"their":[104],"causes":[105],"rather":[106],"than":[107],"welfare":[109],"implications":[110],"such":[112],"changes.":[113]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
