{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126018010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550010770201","title":"Affirmative Action: A Comparison between South Africa and the United States","display_name":"Affirmative Action: A Comparison between South Africa and the United States","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126018010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550010770201","mag":"2126018010"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1108/03090550010770201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550010770201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550010770201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161389873","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Management","issn_l":"0309-0558","issn":["0309-0558","1754-243X","1754-2448","1758-8014"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managerial Law","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084082970","display_name":"Van Jaarsveld","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Van Jaarsveld I","raw_affiliation_strings":["Izelde Louise Van Jaarsveld BIUR (Pret), LLM )LLM (Hull)","L (Izelde Louise Van Jaarsveld BIUR (Pret), LLM )LLM (Hull))"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Izelde Louise Van Jaarsveld BIUR (Pret), LLM )LLM (Hull)","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"L (Izelde Louise Van Jaarsveld BIUR (Pret), LLM )LLM (Hull))","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084082970"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.3014,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9607334,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"6","first_page":"1","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13170","display_name":"Discrimination and Equality Law","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12775","display_name":"Legal Issues in South Africa","score":0.00430000014603138,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14288","display_name":"Law, Rights, and Freedoms","score":0.00139999995008111,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affirmative-action","display_name":"affirmative action","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-law","display_name":"comparative law","score":0.6320000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/racial-discrimination","display_name":"racial discrimination","score":0.703000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/south-africa","display_name":"South Africa","score":0.6269999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/united-states","display_name":"United States","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anti-discrimination-law","display_name":"anti-discrimination law","score":0.609000027179718}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777732099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214244","display_name":"Affirmative action","level":2,"score":0.9791919589042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776491508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1752294","display_name":"Reverse discrimination","level":3,"score":0.7394874691963196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.6570960879325867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.6221939325332642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5786751508712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182306322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779371","display_name":"Order (exchange)","level":2,"score":0.533359706401825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.44295674562454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1167660653591156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1108/03090550010770201","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550010770201","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1108/03090550010770201","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S161389873","display_name":"International Journal of Law and Management","issn_l":"0309-0558","issn":["0309-0558","1754-243X","1754-2448","1758-8014"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-c","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-40","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319811","host_organization_name":"Emerald Publishing Limited","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319811"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Emerald Publishing Limited"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Managerial Law","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eme:ml0000:03090550010770201","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/03090550010770201.html?utm_source=repec&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=repec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:eme:mlppss:03090550010770201","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/03090550010770201/full/html?utm_source=repec&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=repec","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8974000215530396,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"},{"score":0.6601999998092651,"display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29490524","https://openalex.org/W353186501","https://openalex.org/W604296988","https://openalex.org/W632497644","https://openalex.org/W643300919","https://openalex.org/W1503160610","https://openalex.org/W1517840581","https://openalex.org/W1534591637","https://openalex.org/W1604974234","https://openalex.org/W1765253116","https://openalex.org/W1967193497","https://openalex.org/W1972899480","https://openalex.org/W2037451347","https://openalex.org/W2055276308","https://openalex.org/W2063383118","https://openalex.org/W2092314981","https://openalex.org/W2106594311","https://openalex.org/W2162779041","https://openalex.org/W2169036699","https://openalex.org/W2463722125","https://openalex.org/W2734838002","https://openalex.org/W2796038801","https://openalex.org/W2796251603","https://openalex.org/W2797290532","https://openalex.org/W3142165561","https://openalex.org/W4210747632","https://openalex.org/W4241549694","https://openalex.org/W4245016574","https://openalex.org/W4254309290","https://openalex.org/W4299533514","https://openalex.org/W4390838255"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1608157330","https://openalex.org/W1898118878","https://openalex.org/W1886968162","https://openalex.org/W1973374060","https://openalex.org/W221402442","https://openalex.org/W2611141049","https://openalex.org/W96343902","https://openalex.org/W1054740177","https://openalex.org/W3096404734","https://openalex.org/W4386713680"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Keywords:":[0],"Affirmative":[1],"action,":[2,4],"Comparative":[3],"USA,":[5],"South":[6],"Africa,":[7],"Discrimination":[8]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-08T12:12:28.789561","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}