{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2125698494","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561379","title":"Equating Perceived Urgency Across Auditory, Visual, and Tactile Signals","display_name":"Equating Perceived Urgency Across Auditory, Visual, and Tactile Signals","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2125698494","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561379","mag":"2125698494"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/1071181312561379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176815","display_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","issn_l":"0163-5182","issn":["0163-5182","1071-1813","1541-9312","2169-5067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058715743","display_name":"Bridget A. Lewis","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bridget A. Lewis","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Mason University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Mason University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028207891","display_name":"Carryl L. Baldwin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2206-3016","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2206-3016"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162714631","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carryl L. Baldwin","raw_affiliation_strings":["George Mason University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"George Mason University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162714631"],"apc_list":{"value":1500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.3126,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94753911,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"1","first_page":"1307","last_page":"1311"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.7167999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.7167999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14056","display_name":"Safety Warnings and Signage","score":0.12129999697208405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13638","display_name":"Human auditory perception and evaluation","score":0.02850000001490116,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perceived-urgency","display_name":"perceived urgency","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cross-modal-comparison","display_name":"cross-modal comparison","score":0.41499999165534973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/auditory-signals","display_name":"auditory signals","score":0.7419999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-signals","display_name":"visual signals","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tactile-signals","display_name":"tactile signals","score":0.972000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/alert-design","display_name":"alert design","score":0.4970000088214874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/warning-signs","display_name":"warning signs","score":0.6880000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/annoyance","display_name":"annoyance","score":0.7979999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interpulse-interval","display_name":"interpulse interval","score":0.9779999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salience","display_name":"salience","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operator-attention","display_name":"operator attention","score":0.6779999732971191}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178937217","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q256401","display_name":"Annoyance","level":3,"score":0.9159325361251831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.8173261880874634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.6517034769058228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.5548683404922485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26486553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q371870","display_name":"Stimulus modality","level":3,"score":0.5330231189727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5230579972267151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020799230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160289","display_name":"Auditory perception","level":3,"score":0.4479833245277405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.413167268037796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3847457766532898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.3729248344898224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2962101399898529},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79018884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622324","display_name":"Loudness","level":2,"score":0.23783114552497864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.11123725771903992},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.08569368720054626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/1071181312561379","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561379","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/1071181312561379","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210176815","display_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","issn_l":"0163-5182","issn":["0163-5182","1071-1813","1541-9312","2169-5067"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579144137","https://openalex.org/W1497286318","https://openalex.org/W1993037197","https://openalex.org/W2013380676","https://openalex.org/W2029654180","https://openalex.org/W2070389865","https://openalex.org/W2073792869","https://openalex.org/W2083997452","https://openalex.org/W2085238083","https://openalex.org/W2087306070","https://openalex.org/W2104166306","https://openalex.org/W2114126971","https://openalex.org/W2114181294","https://openalex.org/W2119374926","https://openalex.org/W2149543152","https://openalex.org/W2169920658","https://openalex.org/W2325644872","https://openalex.org/W4205211754"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1430288311","https://openalex.org/W2004692689","https://openalex.org/W2586406676","https://openalex.org/W2036965711","https://openalex.org/W2104166306","https://openalex.org/W2084053860","https://openalex.org/W2169920658","https://openalex.org/W2007798022","https://openalex.org/W2116036251","https://openalex.org/W4246199214"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Determining":[0],"the":[1,29,69,95,106,115],"most":[2],"effective":[3],"modality":[4],"to":[5,7,12,45,113],"use":[6],"draw":[8],"an":[9,43],"operator\u2019s":[10],"attention":[11],"a":[13,18,86],"specific":[14],"situation":[15],"has":[16],"been":[17,34],"topic":[19],"of":[20,49,117],"recent":[21],"interest.":[22],"Making":[23],"this":[24],"determination":[25],"requires":[26],"ensuring":[27],"that":[28],"signals":[30],"being":[31],"compared":[32],"have":[33,129],"equated":[35],"for":[36,131],"saliency":[37],"and":[38,51,62,72,97,119,128,134],"perceived":[39,90],"urgency.":[40],"We":[41],"conducted":[42],"experiment":[44],"examine":[46],"how":[47],"perceptions":[48],"urgency":[50,66,91,123],"annoyance":[52,93,127],"change":[53],"with":[54,121],"changes":[55],"in":[56,68,77,94,105],"physical":[57],"parameters":[58,80],"across":[59],"auditory,":[60],"visual,":[61],"tactile":[63,98],"modalities.":[64],"While":[65],"ratings":[67],"low,":[70],"medium,":[71],"high":[73],"range":[74],"were":[75],"found":[76],"each":[78],"modality,":[79,99],"such":[81],"as":[82],"interpulse":[83],"interval":[84],"had":[85],"greater":[87],"impact":[88,104],"on":[89],"than":[92],"auditory":[96],"while":[100,125],"having":[101],"relatively":[102],"little":[103],"visual":[107],"modality.":[108],"Results":[109],"can":[110],"be":[111],"used":[112],"facilitate":[114],"design":[116],"alerts":[118],"warnings":[120],"pre-specified":[122],"levels":[124],"minimizing":[126],"implications":[130],"both":[132],"research":[133],"interface":[135],"design.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}