{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124997993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","title":"Structural Features of Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis","display_name":"Structural Features of Interstitial Lung Disease in Systemic Sclerosis","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124997993","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","mag":"2124997993","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1892314"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2751726451","display_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","issn_l":"0003-0805","issn":["0003-0805","2376-3752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316311","host_organization_name":"American Thoracic Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Thoracic Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2124997993"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100900508","display_name":"Nicholas Kim Harrison","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210096640","display_name":"Royal Brompton Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv4n034","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800036501","https://openalex.org/I4210096640"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas K. Harrison","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Brompton Hospital, London, UK","Dept of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Brompton Hospital, London, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Brompton Hospital, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096640"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart & Lung Institute, Brompton Hospital, London, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210096640"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109207731","display_name":"Allen R. Myers","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Allen R. Myers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5048228173","display_name":"BRYAN CORRIN","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bryan Corrin","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056364570","display_name":"Geraldine N. Soosay","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geraldine Soosay","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084029368","display_name":"Ann L. Dewar","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ann Dewar","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113513578","display_name":"Carol M. Black","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carol M. Black","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114002768","display_name":"Roland M. du Bois","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roland M. Du Bois","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057075688","display_name":"Margaret E. H. Turner-Warwick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret Turner-Warwick","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.5658,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":252,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97838148,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"144","issue":"3_Part_1","first_page":"706","last_page":"713"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11330","display_name":"Systemic Sclerosis and Related Diseases","score":0.948199987411499,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2745","display_name":"Rheumatology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10870","display_name":"Interstitial Lung Diseases and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis","score":0.05009999871253967,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10728","display_name":"Pulmonary Hypertension Research and Treatments","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systemic-sclerosis","display_name":"systemic sclerosis","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-lung-disease","display_name":"interstitial lung disease","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surgical-lung-biopsy","display_name":"open lung biopsy","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-histopathology","display_name":"lung histopathology","score":0.7590000033378601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-fibrosis","display_name":"interstitial fibrosis","score":0.8899999856948853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lymphocytic-infiltration","display_name":"lymphocyte infiltration","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plasma-cell-infiltration","display_name":"plasma cell infiltration","score":0.671999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/follicular-bronchiolitis","display_name":"follicular bronchiolitis","score":0.8360000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/idiopathic-pulmonary-fibrosis","display_name":"idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis","score":0.9610000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffuse-alveolar-damage","display_name":"diffuse alveolar damage","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lung-ultrastructure","display_name":"lung ultrastructure","score":0.5899999737739563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endothelial-injury","display_name":"endothelial injury","score":0.7229999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epithelial-injury","display_name":"epithelial damage","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interstitial-edema","display_name":"interstitial edema","score":0.796999990940094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/collagen-deposition","display_name":"collagen deposition","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diffusing-capacity-for-carbon-monoxide","display_name":"diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease-duration","display_name":"disease duration","score":0.6909999847412109}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.7910038232803345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.7902190685272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780559512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q605709","display_name":"Fibrosis","level":2,"score":0.6342955827713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777543607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153419","display_name":"Interstitial lung disease","level":3,"score":0.595995306968689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.5576660633087158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781301800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193894","display_name":"Sarcoidosis","level":2,"score":0.46689093112945557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781244666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32446","display_name":"Pulmonary fibrosis","level":3,"score":0.43421995639801025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9418649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5275407","display_name":"Diffuse alveolar damage","level":4,"score":0.4300180971622467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2142086625099182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2909621147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q344873","display_name":"Acute respiratory distress","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000648","qualifier_name":"ultrastructure","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011658","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011658","descriptor_name":"Pulmonary Fibrosis","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012595","descriptor_name":"Scleroderma, Systemic","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm/144.3_pt_1.706","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2751726451","display_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","issn_l":"0003-0805","issn":["0003-0805","2376-3752"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316311","host_organization_name":"American Thoracic Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316311"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Thoracic Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Review of Respiratory Disease","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1892314","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1892314","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The American review of respiratory disease","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9789000153541565,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481243105","https://openalex.org/W1703602129","https://openalex.org/W1823117805","https://openalex.org/W1851460509","https://openalex.org/W1971029766","https://openalex.org/W1975541445","https://openalex.org/W1997298135","https://openalex.org/W2015140255","https://openalex.org/W2053600611","https://openalex.org/W2068490390","https://openalex.org/W2096358180","https://openalex.org/W2103919846","https://openalex.org/W2123173437","https://openalex.org/W2153985717","https://openalex.org/W2225447919","https://openalex.org/W2411621653","https://openalex.org/W2981523768","https://openalex.org/W3135546954","https://openalex.org/W4255646348"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3183726115","https://openalex.org/W2460569280","https://openalex.org/W1823117805","https://openalex.org/W2063524335","https://openalex.org/W1974824755","https://openalex.org/W2410786942","https://openalex.org/W1774637820","https://openalex.org/W4253485287","https://openalex.org/W2136198835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Most":[0],"studies":[1,246],"of":[2,24,31,58,72,88,106,133,163,194,214,238,247,254,287],"lung":[3,69,76,89,239],"histology":[4],"in":[5,122,169,175,273],"systemic":[6,64,171,215,249],"sclerosis":[7,65,172,216,250],"have":[8,27,45],"been":[9,47],"based":[10],"on":[11],"autopsy":[12],"specimens":[13],"and":[14,102,112,120,150,183,197,210,229,236,256,263],"consequently":[15],"emphasize":[16],"end-stage":[17],"fibrotic":[18],"disease.":[19],"Although":[20],"occasional":[21,117],"pathologic":[22],"descriptions":[23],"open-lung":[25,60],"biopsies":[26,61,135,251],"recognized":[28],"the":[29,42,55,95,107,123,170,176,192],"presence":[30],"inflammatory":[32],"cells,":[33],"suggesting":[34],"a":[35,137,160],"similarity":[36],"to":[37,98],"\"lone\"":[38],"cryptogenic":[39,144,178],"fibrosing":[40,145,179],"alveolitis,":[41,146],"two":[43],"conditions":[44],"never":[46],"formally":[48],"compared.":[49],"In":[50],"this":[51],"study":[52],"we":[53],"describe":[54],"morphologic":[56],"features":[57],"49":[59],"from":[62,140],"34":[63],"patients":[66,141,173],"with":[67,136,142,260,276],"interstitial":[68,110,195,230,261,277],"disease,":[70],"many":[71],"whom":[73],"had":[74,84],"their":[75],"disease":[77,204],"diagnosed":[78],"at":[79,212],"an":[80,188,224],"early":[81],"stage.":[82],"None":[83],"pulmonary":[85],"hypertension.":[86],"Examination":[87],"tissue":[90],"by":[91],"light":[92],"microscopy":[93],"showed":[94,252],"earliest":[96],"changes":[97],"include":[99],"patchy":[100],"lymphocyte":[101],"plasma":[103],"cell":[104],"infiltration":[105],"alveolar":[108,124],"walls,":[109],"fibrosis,":[111],"increased":[113],"macrophages":[114],"but":[115,279],"only":[116],"polymorphonuclear":[118],"cells":[119,269],"lymphocytes":[121],"spaces.":[125],"Alveolitis":[126],"was":[127,187,222],"not":[128],"observed":[129],"without":[130],"fibrosis.":[131],"Comparison":[132],"22":[134],"similar":[138],"number":[139],"lone":[143,177],"matched":[147],"for":[148],"age":[149,199,211],"sex,":[151],"revealed":[152],"no":[153,282],"qualitative":[154],"or":[155,285],"quantitative":[156],"differences,":[157],"other":[158],"than":[159,174,202,208,219,234,243],"higher":[161],"prevalence":[162],"focal":[164],"lymphoid":[165],"hyperplasia":[166],"(follicular":[167],"bronchiolitis)":[168],"alveolitis":[180],"controls":[181],"(23":[182],"5%,":[184],"respectively).":[185],"There":[186,221],"inverse":[189,225],"correlation":[190,226],"between":[191,227],"extent":[193],"inflammation":[196],"patients'":[198],"(p":[200,206,217,232,241],"less":[201,207,218,233,242],"0.05),":[203,209],"duration":[205],"onset":[213],"0.01).":[220],"also":[223],"DLCO":[228],"fibrosis":[231],"0.01)":[235],"loss":[237],"architecture":[240],"0.05).":[244],"Ultrastructural":[245],"eight":[248],"evidence":[253,286],"endothelial":[255],"epithelial":[257],"injury":[258],"together":[259],"edema":[262],"excess":[264],"collagen":[265],"deposition.":[266],"Occasional":[267],"mast":[268],"were":[270,281],"observed,":[271],"often":[272],"close":[274],"contact":[275],"fibroblasts,":[278],"there":[280],"tubuloreticular":[283],"structures":[284],"immune":[288],"complexes.(ABSTRACT":[289],"TRUNCATED":[290],"AT":[291],"250":[292],"WORDS)":[293]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-11-14T11:04:58.165337","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}