{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124703408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001010","title":"Relative salience of gender and class in a situation of multiple competing norms","display_name":"Relative salience of gender and class in a situation of multiple competing norms","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124703408","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001010","mag":"2124703408"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0954394500001010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121997567","display_name":"Language Variation and Change","issn_l":"0954-3945","issn":["0954-3945","1469-8021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Variation and Change","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011753619","display_name":"Thomas D. Cravens","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas D. Cravens","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Wisconsin, Madison"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Wisconsin, Madison","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025955532","display_name":"Luciano Giannelli","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102064193","display_name":"University of Siena","ror":"https://ror.org/01tevnk56","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Giannelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e0 di Siena"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e0 di Siena","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102064193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2955,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9246988,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"261","last_page":"285"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11640","display_name":"Linguistic Variation and Morphology","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13727","display_name":"Linguistic and Sociocultural Studies","score":0.002099999925121665,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3310","display_name":"Linguistics and Language"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13173","display_name":"Gender Studies in Language","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociolinguistic-change","display_name":"sociolinguistic change","score":0.6449999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuscany","display_name":"Tuscany","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/italian-phonology","display_name":"Italian phonology","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/women-s-language","display_name":"women's language","score":0.4000000059604645}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778329345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q919978","display_name":"Prestige","level":2,"score":0.8607723116874695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108154423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469792","display_name":"Salience (neuroscience)","level":2,"score":0.8055711984634399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5109381079673767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776095024","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q524648","display_name":"Language change","level":2,"score":0.5016329288482666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4954878091812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.48947203159332275},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.4419695734977722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142806620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189970","display_name":"Social status","level":2,"score":0.43344438076019287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28519872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160845","display_name":"Sociolinguistics","level":2,"score":0.43117037415504456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.42688170075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3739635944366455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.19985994696617126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.18153905868530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.07512331008911133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0954394500001010","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001010","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954394500001010","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S121997567","display_name":"Language Variation and Change","issn_l":"0954-3945","issn":["0954-3945","1469-8021"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Language Variation and Change","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.6025999784469604,"display_name":"Gender equality"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W625200088","https://openalex.org/W657484167","https://openalex.org/W1585882422","https://openalex.org/W1984185502","https://openalex.org/W1989634147","https://openalex.org/W2011563166","https://openalex.org/W2019374302","https://openalex.org/W2041326115","https://openalex.org/W2044582957","https://openalex.org/W2116982164","https://openalex.org/W2132280069","https://openalex.org/W2150333745","https://openalex.org/W2159884339","https://openalex.org/W2164496512","https://openalex.org/W2316512702","https://openalex.org/W2796039456","https://openalex.org/W4231687655","https://openalex.org/W4254068666","https://openalex.org/W7056736393"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2116982164","https://openalex.org/W4241394587","https://openalex.org/W1586284391","https://openalex.org/W1489733226","https://openalex.org/W4387627466","https://openalex.org/W83520381","https://openalex.org/W2164496512","https://openalex.org/W2107126938","https://openalex.org/W2501491833","https://openalex.org/W3166861676"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"One":[1],"of":[2,59,65,79,88,98,102,106,109,127,136,159,162,170,173,180],"the":[3,22,37,57,63,77,89,99,116,160,171],"most":[4,135],"consistent":[5],"findings":[6,50],"to":[7,36,47],"emerge":[8],"from":[9,75,94],"sociolinguistic":[10,157],"research":[11],"is":[12,131],"that":[13,52,130,141],"\u201cmen":[14],"use":[15,31],"more":[16,32,132,167],"nonstandard":[17],"forms,":[18,34],"less":[19],"influenced":[20],"by":[21],"social":[23,100],"stigma":[24],"directed":[25],"against":[26],"them;":[27],"or,":[28],"conversely,":[29],"women":[30],"standard":[33],"responding":[35],"overt":[38],"prestige":[39,60],"associated":[40],"with":[41],"them\u201d":[42],"(Labov,":[43],"1990:210).":[44],"With":[45],"regard":[46],"change,":[48],"these":[49,122],"indicate":[51],"\u201cwomen":[53],"lead":[54],"in":[55,73,83,92,113,124,140,147],"both":[56,174],"acquisition":[58],"patterns":[61],"and":[62,82,104,120,176,182],"elimination":[64],"stigmatized":[66],"forms\u201d":[67],"(p.":[68],"213),":[69],"apparently":[70],"without":[71],"exception":[72],"change":[74,93],"above":[76],"level":[78],"conscious":[80],"awareness":[81],"all":[84],"but":[85],"a":[86,125,166],"few":[87],"cases":[90],"studied":[91,138],"below.":[95],"An":[96],"examination":[97],"parameters":[101],"acceptance":[103],"spread":[105],"intervocalic":[107],"spirantization":[108],"/p/,":[110],"/t/,":[111],"/k/":[112],"Tuscany":[114],"offers":[115],"possibility":[117],"for":[118],"testing":[119],"refining":[121],"precepts":[123],"situation":[126],"rule":[128],"competition":[129],"complex":[133],"than":[134],"those":[137],"previously,":[139],"here":[142],"there":[143],"are":[144],"three":[145,163],"forms":[146],"competition.":[148],"Building":[149],"on":[150],"established":[151],"principles":[152],"(e.g.,":[153],"Trudgill,":[154],"1972),":[155],"this":[156],"analysis":[158],"interaction":[161],"options":[164],"provides":[165],"precise":[168],"understanding":[169],"significance":[172],"gender":[175],"class":[177],"as":[178],"(co-)conditioners":[179],"variation":[181],"change.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}