{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124607997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","title":"Toxocariasis: Clinical Aspects, Epidemiology, Medical Ecology, and Molecular Aspects","display_name":"Toxocariasis: Clinical Aspects, Epidemiology, Medical Ecology, and Molecular Aspects","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124607997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","mag":"2124607997","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12692098","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/153144"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112662651","display_name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","issn_l":"0893-8512","issn":["0893-8512","1070-6305","1098-6618"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC153144","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077695446","display_name":"Dickson D. Despommier","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78577930","display_name":"Columbia University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hj8s172","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dickson Despommier","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Department of Microbiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077695446"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78577930"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5502,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":997,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95258621,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"2","first_page":"265","last_page":"272"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11154","display_name":"Parasitic infections in humans and animals","score":0.361299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11154","display_name":"Parasitic infections in humans and animals","score":0.361299991607666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11074","display_name":"Helminth infection and control","score":0.3003000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2405","display_name":"Parasitology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11702","display_name":"Parasitic Diseases Research and Treatment","score":0.18050000071525574,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxocariasis","display_name":"toxocariasis","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toxocara","display_name":"Toxocara","score":0.9409999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ascarids","display_name":"ascarids","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visceral-larva-migrans","display_name":"visceral larva migrans","score":0.9369999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocular-larva-migrans","display_name":"ocular larva migrans","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/zoonotic-nematodes","display_name":"zoonotic nematodes","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-contamination","display_name":"environmental contamination","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission-ecology","display_name":"transmission ecology","score":0.6539999842643738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-interventions","display_name":"environmental interventions","score":0.6019999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.492000013589859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis","display_name":"diagnosis","score":0.5989999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/treatment","display_name":"treatment","score":0.7229999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777390839","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345113","display_name":"Toxocariasis","level":3,"score":0.8422171473503113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778157533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3288116","display_name":"Visceral larva migrans","level":4,"score":0.6761472821235657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520017518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178934","display_name":"Occult","level":3,"score":0.6585472822189331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125838542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q221673","display_name":"Paratenic","level":3,"score":0.6483117341995239},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777541303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133092","display_name":"Toxocara canis","level":3,"score":0.6046492457389832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138816342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189603","display_name":"Public health","level":2,"score":0.5499087572097778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2911108036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1216925","display_name":"Larva migrans","level":3,"score":0.5372408032417297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C61716771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q496","display_name":"Feces","level":2,"score":0.4905526041984558},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776353676","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q182672","display_name":"Zoonosis","level":2,"score":0.45840007066726685},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107130276","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133805","display_name":"Epidemiology","level":2,"score":0.44971808791160583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4475755989551544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777560926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q139073","display_name":"Toxocara cati","level":4,"score":0.4339962303638458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.43167775869369507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.4061169922351837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.39314812421798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165901193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3129936","display_name":"Helminths","level":2,"score":0.3863697350025177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.3769451677799225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42972112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170201","display_name":"Veterinary medicine","level":1,"score":0.34586524963378906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173758957","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129270","display_name":"Larva","level":2,"score":0.3450324535369873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90856448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q431","display_name":"Zoology","level":1,"score":0.33875057101249695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2966761589050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.19406455755233765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014119","descriptor_name":"Toxocara","qualifier_ui":"Q000302","qualifier_name":"isolation & purification","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014120","descriptor_name":"Toxocariasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000175","qualifier_name":"diagnosis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014120","descriptor_name":"Toxocariasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000235","qualifier_name":"genetics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014120","descriptor_name":"Toxocariasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000453","qualifier_name":"epidemiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D014120","descriptor_name":"Toxocariasis","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1128/cmr.16.2.265-272.2003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112662651","display_name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","issn_l":"0893-8512","issn":["0893-8512","1070-6305","1098-6618"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-d","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320263","host_organization_name":"American Society for Microbiology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320263"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society for Microbiology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical Microbiology Reviews","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:112251","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC153144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:153144","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/153144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clin Microbiol Rev","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:12692098","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12692098","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Clinical microbiology reviews","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:112251","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC153144","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.98580002784729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W22210729","https://openalex.org/W109528328","https://openalex.org/W116071819","https://openalex.org/W163204702","https://openalex.org/W180183745","https://openalex.org/W235510937","https://openalex.org/W1043633465","https://openalex.org/W1536793350","https://openalex.org/W1788868946","https://openalex.org/W1887725161","https://openalex.org/W1940398047","https://openalex.org/W1965439583","https://openalex.org/W1972280210","https://openalex.org/W1978622140","https://openalex.org/W1983278016","https://openalex.org/W1985188268","https://openalex.org/W1988670001","https://openalex.org/W2001473493","https://openalex.org/W2003452245","https://openalex.org/W2022340186","https://openalex.org/W2028995974","https://openalex.org/W2032298882","https://openalex.org/W2034712288","https://openalex.org/W2035056145","https://openalex.org/W2035427434","https://openalex.org/W2036445300","https://openalex.org/W2039995911","https://openalex.org/W2049810157","https://openalex.org/W2055823659","https://openalex.org/W2066679352","https://openalex.org/W2069942730","https://openalex.org/W2070531006","https://openalex.org/W2076379242","https://openalex.org/W2082450931","https://openalex.org/W2092147444","https://openalex.org/W2095027390","https://openalex.org/W2119705764","https://openalex.org/W2124062802","https://openalex.org/W2139835215","https://openalex.org/W2140550547","https://openalex.org/W2167876748","https://openalex.org/W2168303130","https://openalex.org/W2169756811","https://openalex.org/W2171558422","https://openalex.org/W2176522097","https://openalex.org/W2181465115","https://openalex.org/W2240889046","https://openalex.org/W2267730412","https://openalex.org/W2313375895","https://openalex.org/W2317251992","https://openalex.org/W2345377235","https://openalex.org/W2399294121","https://openalex.org/W2404947331","https://openalex.org/W2409378801","https://openalex.org/W2411017363","https://openalex.org/W2415223343","https://openalex.org/W2416002947","https://openalex.org/W2416901425","https://openalex.org/W2417872673","https://openalex.org/W2439075001","https://openalex.org/W4230501579","https://openalex.org/W4291174900","https://openalex.org/W4291255613","https://openalex.org/W4296251264","https://openalex.org/W4300555961","https://openalex.org/W4394902495","https://openalex.org/W4394902520","https://openalex.org/W6841206569"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4302561146","https://openalex.org/W2126813494","https://openalex.org/W6968586614","https://openalex.org/W4242311071","https://openalex.org/W4237707180","https://openalex.org/W4236157551","https://openalex.org/W4239693033","https://openalex.org/W2772032918","https://openalex.org/W4296928908","https://openalex.org/W2416002947"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Toxocariasis":[0],"is":[1],"caused":[2,114],"by":[3,94,115],"a":[4],"series":[5],"of":[6,29,40,55,150,168,172,185,204],"related":[7],"nematode":[8],"species":[9],"(ascarids)":[10],"that":[11,37,133,191,195],"routinely":[12],"infect":[13],"dogs":[14,41,196],"and":[15,42,64,83,96,124,138,148,152,170,177,187,197],"cats":[16,43,198],"throughout":[17,52],"the":[18,35,53,76,116,166,193,202],"world.":[19],"The":[20,59],"eggs":[21,93],"from":[22],"these":[23,92],"ascarids":[24],"are":[25,73,129,154,158,199],"common":[26],"environmental":[27,188],"contaminants":[28],"human":[30],"habitation,":[31],"due":[32],"largely":[33],"to":[34,104,174],"fact":[36],"many":[38],"kinds":[39],"serve":[44],"as":[45,140],"pets,":[46],"while":[47],"countless":[48],"others":[49],"run":[50],"wild":[51],"streets":[54],"most":[56],"urban":[57,205],"centers.":[58,206],"eggs,":[60],"present":[61,139],"in":[62,75,100,102,112,135,160],"dog":[63],"cat":[65],"feces,":[66],"become":[67,97],"infectious":[68],"within":[69,201],"weeks":[70],"after":[71],"they":[72,145],"deposited":[74],"local":[77],"environment":[78],"(e.g.,":[79],"sandboxes,":[80],"city":[81],"parks,":[82],"public":[84,180],"beaches,":[85],"etc.).":[86],"Humans,":[87],"particularly":[88],"children,":[89],"frequently":[90],"ingest":[91],"accident":[95],"infected.":[98],"Infection":[99],"humans,":[101],"contrast":[103],"their":[105],"definitive":[106],"hosts,":[107],"remains":[108],"occult,":[109],"often":[110],"resulting":[111],"disease":[113],"migrating":[117],"larval":[118],"stages.":[119],"Visceral":[120],"larva":[121,126],"migrans":[122,127],"(VLM)":[123],"ocular":[125],"(OLM)":[128],"two":[130],"clinical":[131],"manifestations":[132],"result":[134],"definable":[136],"syndromes":[137],"serious":[141],"health":[142,181],"problems":[143],"wherever":[144],"occur.":[146],"Diagnosis":[147],"treatment":[149,184],"VLM":[151],"OLM":[153],"difficult.":[155],"These":[156],"issues":[157],"summarized":[159],"this":[161],"review,":[162],"with":[163],"emphasis":[164],"on":[165],"ecology":[167],"transmission":[169],"control":[171],"spread":[173],"both":[175],"humans":[176],"animals":[178],"through":[179],"initiatives":[182],"employing":[183],"pets":[186],"intervention":[189],"strategies":[190],"limit":[192],"areas":[194],"allowed":[200],"confines":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":61},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":54},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":48},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":48}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}