{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124525896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035003004","title":"Perceived Neighborhood Crime and the Impact of Private Security","display_name":"Perceived Neighborhood Crime and the Impact of Private Security","publication_year":1989,"publication_date":"1989-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124525896","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035003004","mag":"2124525896"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1177/0011128789035003004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035003004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035003004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75692751","display_name":"Crime & Delinquency","issn_l":"0011-1287","issn":["0011-1287","1552-387X","2471-3724","2471-4011"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crime &amp; Delinquency","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017021335","display_name":"Lloyd Klein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lloyd Klein","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029806891","display_name":"Joan Luxenburg","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joan Luxenburg","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075716299","display_name":"Marianna King","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marianna King","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3650,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3650},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":15,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32488568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"3","first_page":"365","last_page":"377"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.3955000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12736","display_name":"Criminal Justice and Penology","score":0.3955000042915344,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3308","display_name":"Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11076","display_name":"Policing Practices and Perceptions","score":0.32589998841285706,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10574","display_name":"Crime Patterns and Interventions","score":0.23649999499320984,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-security","display_name":"private security","score":0.9980000257492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-policing","display_name":"private policing","score":0.984000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guardian-angels","display_name":"guardian angels","score":0.9459999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/crime-prevention","display_name":"crime prevention","score":0.6850000023841858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-communities","display_name":"urban communities","score":0.5630000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/private-security-firms","display_name":"private security firms","score":0.7300000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994161639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1116826","display_name":"Private security","level":2,"score":0.8982862234115601},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776680780","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15964604","display_name":"Guardian","level":2,"score":0.682133674621582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102587632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117488","display_name":"Criminal justice","level":2,"score":0.5621309280395508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5166857242584229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139621336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3190382","display_name":"Economic Justice","level":2,"score":0.504740834236145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776348852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q855848","display_name":"Crime prevention","level":2,"score":0.42743733525276184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73484699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161733","display_name":"Criminology","level":1,"score":0.39479780197143555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.34979167580604553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.26545125246047974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.23281824588775635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.21546807885169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.15707182884216309}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1177/0011128789035003004","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035003004","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1177/0011128789035003004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S75692751","display_name":"Crime & Delinquency","issn_l":"0011-1287","issn":["0011-1287","1552-387X","2471-3724","2471-4011"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Crime &amp; Delinquency","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":1.0},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.875}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W590956436","https://openalex.org/W634491000","https://openalex.org/W1529065731","https://openalex.org/W1568921107","https://openalex.org/W1976260959","https://openalex.org/W1979710388","https://openalex.org/W1989538388","https://openalex.org/W2029135768","https://openalex.org/W2368960261","https://openalex.org/W3025364384","https://openalex.org/W3121541286","https://openalex.org/W3193652844","https://openalex.org/W4230953078","https://openalex.org/W4248182492","https://openalex.org/W4251252767","https://openalex.org/W4292910333","https://openalex.org/W4301857484"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1969122764","https://openalex.org/W2048710580","https://openalex.org/W266342614","https://openalex.org/W172746570","https://openalex.org/W1985758532","https://openalex.org/W2107891389","https://openalex.org/W2771727220","https://openalex.org/W4396675712","https://openalex.org/W2117705418","https://openalex.org/W7162405494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Citizens":[0],"and":[1,21,46,77,89],"businesses":[2],"have":[3,25],"generally":[4],"rejected":[5],"the":[6,40,44,52,67,83,86,98],"expectation":[7],"that":[8],"criminal":[9,34],"justice":[10],"authorities":[11],"can":[12],"successfully":[13],"achieve":[14],"their":[15],"delegated":[16],"responsibility":[17],"of":[18,48,54,70,85,100],"protecting":[19],"life":[20],"property.":[22],"These":[23],"people":[24],"employed":[26],"alternative":[27],"measures":[28],"in":[29,59,73,94],"securing":[30],"desired":[31],"safety":[32],"from":[33],"victimization.":[35],"This":[36],"article":[37],"focuses":[38],"upon":[39],"following":[41],"concerns:":[42],"(1)":[43],"growth":[45],"impact":[47,84],"private":[49,55,71,101],"security,":[50],"(2)":[51],"significance":[53],"policing":[56],"as":[57,80],"reflected":[58,81],"citizen":[60,91],"attitudes":[61],"toward":[62],"crime":[63],"prevention":[64],"measures,":[65],"(3)":[66],"model":[68],"implementation":[69],"security":[72,102],"an":[74],"urban":[75],"community,":[76],"(4)":[78],"alternatives":[79],"by":[82],"Guardian":[87],"Angels":[88],"other":[90],"patrol":[92],"efforts":[93],"anticrime":[95],"programs":[96],"versus":[97],"employment":[99],"firms.":[103]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-11T09:32:39.932853","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
