{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124356608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/77.614532","title":"Principles of advanced quench detection design in cable-in-conduit (CICC) magnets","display_name":"Principles of advanced quench detection design in cable-in-conduit (CICC) magnets","publication_year":1997,"publication_date":"1997-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124356608","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/77.614532","mag":"2124356608"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/77.614532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/77.614532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/77.614532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119074828","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","issn_l":"1051-8223","issn":["1051-8223","1558-2515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321340","host_organization_name":"IEEE Council on Superconductivity","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321340"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Council on Superconductivity"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113365489","display_name":"Joel H. Schultz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-1547","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7672-1547","https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1304-3328"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J.H. Schultz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","MIT, Cambridge MA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"MIT, Cambridge MA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053648383","display_name":"Shahin Pourrahimi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Pourrahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018740859","display_name":"Steven P. Smith","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-4400","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2710-4400"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Smith","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037801787","display_name":"P. W. Wang","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.W. Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76244544,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"455","last_page":"460"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11808","display_name":"Superconducting Materials and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11808","display_name":"Superconducting Materials and Applications","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10346","display_name":"Magnetic confinement fusion research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11367","display_name":"Particle accelerators and beam dynamics","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3106","display_name":"Nuclear and High Energy Physics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quench-detection","display_name":"quench detection","score":0.9909999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/iter","display_name":"ITER","score":0.6940000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tpx","display_name":"TPX","score":0.9120000004768372},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"signal-to-noise ratio","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fiber-optic-temperature-sensor","display_name":"fiber optic temperature sensor","score":0.7250000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-sensor","display_name":"voltage sensor","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flowmeters","display_name":"flowmeters","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensor-placement","display_name":"sensor placement","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-insulation","display_name":"electrical insulation","score":0.46299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/superconducting-magnets","display_name":"superconducting magnets","score":0.7400000095367432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.6198318004608154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72260207","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7783221","display_name":"Thermonuclear fusion","level":3,"score":0.5766919255256653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16389437","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11421","display_name":"Magnet","level":2,"score":0.5550510883331299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116515362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188589","display_name":"Tokamak","level":3,"score":0.5478555560112},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.5154286623001099},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89836073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1719631","display_name":"Electrical conduit","level":2,"score":0.4976084530353546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.4885938763618469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2265751","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q332007","display_name":"Electromagnetic shielding","level":2,"score":0.4757770597934723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172108966","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120120","display_name":"Superconducting magnet","level":3,"score":0.42655837535858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.4202675223350525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.38622820377349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.32936710119247437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.2976910173892975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2599639892578125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18932604789733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.14883089065551758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1124730110168457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.10393649339675903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82706917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10251","display_name":"Plasma","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/77.614532","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/77.614532","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/77.614532","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S119074828","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity","issn_l":"1051-8223","issn":["1051-8223","1558-2515"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-c","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321340","host_organization_name":"IEEE Council on Superconductivity","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321340"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Council on Superconductivity"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Appiled Superconductivity","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2097863694","https://openalex.org/W2107491931","https://openalex.org/W2111649942"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2118574232","https://openalex.org/W2095881003","https://openalex.org/W2020758896","https://openalex.org/W2092680404","https://openalex.org/W7055434568","https://openalex.org/W1970524327","https://openalex.org/W2082323829","https://openalex.org/W2276770904","https://openalex.org/W2073546971","https://openalex.org/W2171031632"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,63],"design":[1,27,138],"and":[2,16,49,57,59,68,84,103,107,126,149],"development":[3],"of":[4,26,44,65,142],"novel":[5],"quench":[6,30,45],"detection":[7,31,38],"systems":[8],"for":[9,41,90],"the":[10,17,37,77,91,98,140,146],"International":[11],"Thermonuclear":[12],"Experimental":[13],"Reactor":[14],"(ITER)":[15],"Tokamak":[18],"Physics":[19],"Experiment":[20],"(TPX)":[21],"has":[22],"advanced":[23],"our":[24],"knowledge":[25],"principles":[28],"governing":[29],"systems.":[32],"Design":[33],"studies":[34],"have":[35,70,87,96,119],"quantified":[36],"signal-noise":[39,79],"ratios":[40,80],"several":[42],"types":[43],"detector,":[46],"including":[47],"external":[48],"cowound":[50],"voltage":[51,85],"sensors,":[52,56],"fiber":[53],"optic":[54],"temperature":[55,111],"optical":[58],"piezoresistive":[60],"flow":[61],"meters.":[62],"effects":[64],"sensor":[66],"placement":[67],"subdivision":[69],"also":[71],"been":[72,88,120],"studied.":[73],"Sensor":[74],"topologies":[75],"with":[76,112],"highest":[78],"are":[81],"identified.":[82],"Fiber-optic":[83],"sensors":[86],"fabricated":[89],"ITER":[92],"QUELL":[93],"experiment,":[94],"that":[95,122],"demonstrated":[97],"capacity":[99],"to":[100,109,129],"survive":[101],"cabling":[102],"compaction,":[104],"heat":[105],"treatment,":[106],"cooldown":[108],"low":[110],"tight":[113],"conduit":[114],"bend":[115],"radii.":[116],"Extraction":[117],"techniques":[118],"developed":[121],"use":[123],"redundant":[124],"seals":[125],"coefficient-of-expansion":[127],"matching":[128],"guarantee":[130],"leak-tightness.":[131],"Electrical":[132],"integrity":[133],"is":[134],"guaranteed":[135],"in":[136,145],"a":[137],"through":[139],"control":[141],"electrical":[143],"fields":[144],"feedthrough":[147],"geometry":[148],"insulation":[150],"material":[151],"selection.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
