{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124284037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar.9000443","title":"Interaction effects of deficit irrigation and row spacing on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth, seed yield and oil yield.","display_name":"Interaction effects of deficit irrigation and row spacing on sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) growth, seed yield and oil yield.","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-11-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124284037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar.9000443","mag":"2124284037"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2124284037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar.9000443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380901554_Kazemeini et al.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44429004","display_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","issn_l":"1991-637X","issn":["1991-637X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"diamond","oa_url":"https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380901554_Kazemeini et al.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026759983","display_name":"Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-9706","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-9706"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6279-9706","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024834069","display_name":"Mohsen Edalat","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9601-0769","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9601-0769"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mohsen Edalat","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9601-0769","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058017717","display_name":"Avat Shekoofa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-9026","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-9026"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Avat Shekoofa","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4309-9026","affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2214,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80351466,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"11","first_page":"1165","last_page":"1170"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12742","display_name":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12742","display_name":"Sunflower and Safflower Cultivation","score":0.9785000085830688,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11404","display_name":"Irrigation Practices and Water Management","score":0.021199999377131462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1111","display_name":"Soil Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12758","display_name":"Saffron Plant Research Studies","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3004","display_name":"Pharmacology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/30","display_name":"Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmaceutics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sunflower","display_name":"sunflower","score":0.9269999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deficit-irrigation","display_name":"deficit irrigation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/row-spacing","display_name":"row spacing","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seed-yield","display_name":"seed yield","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-yield","display_name":"oil yield","score":0.9819999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oil-percentage","display_name":"oil percentage","score":0.8740000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drought-stress","display_name":"drought stress","score":0.5170000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-growth-period","display_name":"critical growth period","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-growth","display_name":"plant growth","score":0.414000004529953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779197568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q423986","display_name":"Sunflower","level":2,"score":0.8702397346496582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88862950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11453","display_name":"Irrigation","level":2,"score":0.8385325074195862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778181364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171497","display_name":"Helianthus annuus","level":3,"score":0.8127574920654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134121241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899301","display_name":"Yield (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.7540647387504578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5987257957458496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.5871277451515198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195092306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3777161","display_name":"Deficit irrigation","level":4,"score":0.557612419128418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992211155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q889514","display_name":"Grain yield","level":2,"score":0.5389348864555359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780556605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q94787","display_name":"Sunflower oil","level":2,"score":0.4510960280895233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144027150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48803","display_name":"Horticulture","level":1,"score":0.3544376492500305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.24879932403564453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112077630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2623678","display_name":"Irrigation management","level":3,"score":0.17166879773139954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.044089555740356445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2124284037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar.9000443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380901554_Kazemeini et al.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44429004","display_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","issn_l":"1991-637X","issn":["1991-637X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"mag:2124284037","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar.9000443","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.academicjournals.org/article/article1380901554_Kazemeini et al.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S44429004","display_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","issn_l":"1991-637X","issn":["1991-637X"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","norway-1","poland-20"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310321074","host_organization_name":"Academic Journals","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310321074"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academic Journals"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"African Journal of Agricultural Research","raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger","score":1.0}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2028474664","https://openalex.org/W2034503134","https://openalex.org/W2034745882","https://openalex.org/W2040281680","https://openalex.org/W2080277354","https://openalex.org/W2081645605","https://openalex.org/W2084150246","https://openalex.org/W2117774406","https://openalex.org/W2128676018","https://openalex.org/W2172619095","https://openalex.org/W2347148194"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2564364637","https://openalex.org/W1916845143","https://openalex.org/W2329530652","https://openalex.org/W7139136971","https://openalex.org/W3127900423","https://openalex.org/W7132775939","https://openalex.org/W3175777211","https://openalex.org/W2916587391","https://openalex.org/W2581401590","https://openalex.org/W3035018988"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Productivity":[0],"of":[1,9,17,57,108,134],"sunflower":[2],"is":[3],"strongly":[4],"regulated":[5],"by":[6],"the":[7,15,72,116,169],"availability":[8],"water.":[10],"In":[11],"order":[12],"to":[13,93,138,150],"study":[14],"influence":[16],"deficit":[18,101,112,139,177],"irrigation":[19,102,113,140],"(I1:100%":[20],"FC,":[21],"I2\u00a0and":[22],"I3:":[23],"75":[24,34,49,129],"and":[25,35,41,48,54,81,111,121,161],"50%":[26,36],"FC":[27,37],"during":[28,168],"stem":[29],"elongation":[30],"period,":[31],"respectively;":[32],"I4\u00a0and\u00a0I5:":[33],"at":[38],"flowering":[39],"stages)":[40],"two":[42],"row":[43,109,131,183],"spacings":[44],"(45":[45],"-":[46,74],"50":[47],"cm)":[50],"on":[51],"growth,":[52],"yield":[53,56,86,96,119,136,160],"oil":[55,122,162,181],"sunflower,":[58],"an":[59],"experiment":[60],"was":[61,87,97,125,142],"conducted":[62],"using":[63],"a":[64],"split":[65],"plot":[66],"design":[67],"with":[68],"three":[69],"replications":[70],"in":[71],"2007":[73],"2008.":[75],"Results":[76],"indicated":[77,114,165],"that":[78,115],"Maximum\u00a0(374.67":[79],"gm-2)":[80,84],"minimum":[82],"(198.5":[83],"grain":[85,95,135],"obtained":[88,126],"from":[89,127],"I1\u00a0and":[90,128],"I3\u00a0treatments.":[91],"Compared":[92],"I1,":[94],"reduced":[98],"significantly":[99,157],"under":[100],"treatments":[103],"(I2,":[104],"I3\u00a0and":[105],"I5).\u00a0Interaction":[106],"effects":[107],"spacing":[110],"highest":[117],"seed":[118,159,179],"(458.0\u00a0gm-2)":[120],"percentage":[123],"(31.66%)":[124],"cm":[130],"spacing.":[132,184],"Reduction":[133],"due":[137],"(I4)":[141],"not":[143],"significant":[144],"(374.6":[145],"vs.":[146],"340.1":[147],"gm-2),":[148],"compared":[149],"full":[151],"irrigation.\u00a0Therefore,":[152],"we":[153],"confirm":[154],"that\u00a0irrigation":[155],"levels":[156],"affected":[158],"percentage.\u00a0Our":[163],"results":[164],"that\u00a0deficit":[166],"irrigation,":[167,178],"critical":[170],"growth":[171],"period":[172],"should":[173],"be":[174],"avoided.\r\n\r\n\t\u00a0\r\n\r\n\tKey":[175],"words:\u00a0Sunflower,":[176],"yield,":[180,182]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}