{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2124097564","doi":null,"title":"Bioethics for clinicians: 14. Ethics and genetics in medicine.","display_name":"Bioethics for clinicians: 14. Ethics and genetics in medicine.","publication_year":1998,"publication_date":"1998-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2124097564","mag":"2124097564","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614824","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1229325"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:209494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1229325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1229325","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004051868","display_name":"Michael Burgess","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9443-0671","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9443-0671"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141945490","display_name":"University of British Columbia","ror":"https://ror.org/03rmrcq20","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M M Burgess","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of British Columbia, Centre for Applied Ethics, Vancouver"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of British Columbia, Centre for Applied Ethics, Vancouver","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141945490"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053055204","display_name":"Claude M. Laberge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C M Laberge","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013672213","display_name":"Bartha Maria Knoppers","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-2722","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7004-2722"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B M Knoppers","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7276,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":36,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8535472,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"158","issue":"10","first_page":"1309","last_page":"13"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.8314999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13275","display_name":"Medical and Health Sciences Research","score":0.8314999938011169,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13147","display_name":"Ethics and bioethics in healthcare","score":0.1582999974489212,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10582","display_name":"Ethics in Clinical Research","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-counseling","display_name":"genetic counseling","score":0.7269999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-testing","display_name":"genetic testing","score":0.8050000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/informed-consent","display_name":"informed consent","score":0.7369999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confidentiality","display_name":"confidentiality","score":0.8309999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hereditary-disease-risk","display_name":"hereditary disease risk","score":0.781000018119812}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71745522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2476929","display_name":"Confidentiality","level":2,"score":0.8122716546058655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780673598","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285223","display_name":"Genetic testing","level":2,"score":0.7682679891586304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80227256","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124169","display_name":"Genetic counseling","level":2,"score":0.7212232947349548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188084074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194294","display_name":"Bioethics","level":2,"score":0.6067671775817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68122502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q764527","display_name":"Informed consent","level":3,"score":0.5669319033622742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5650627613067627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.5599967837333679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.5314209461212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64474127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071953","display_name":"Medical genetics","level":3,"score":0.5269637703895569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512399662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505712","display_name":"Family medicine","level":1,"score":0.3271443247795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204787440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188504","display_name":"Alternative medicine","level":2,"score":0.28277283906936646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.24480685591697693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.1458073854446411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.13542446494102478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.1144757866859436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002170","descriptor_name":"Canada","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003219","descriptor_name":"Confidentiality","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004992","descriptor_name":"Ethics, Medical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005817","descriptor_name":"Genetic Counseling","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005817","descriptor_name":"Genetic Counseling","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005820","descriptor_name":"Genetic Testing","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005820","descriptor_name":"Genetic Testing","qualifier_ui":"Q000523","qualifier_name":"psychology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007258","descriptor_name":"Informed Consent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012017","descriptor_name":"Referral and Consultation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017007","descriptor_name":"Duty to Warn","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D030661","descriptor_name":"Genetic Privacy","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:209494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1229325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1229325","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1229325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CMAJ","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:9614824","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/533237","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/156/12/1729","pdf_url":"http://www.cmaj.ca/cgi/reprint/156/12/1729","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"189935","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.627.2451","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.627.2451","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.cmaj.ca/content/158/10/1309.full.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.library.georgetown.edu:10822/756405","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://worldcatlibraries.org/registry/gateway?version=1.0&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&atitle=Bioethics+for+Clinicians:+14.+Ethics+and+Genetics+in+Medicine&title=Canadian+Medical+Association+Journal.++&volume=158&issue=10&pages=1309-1313&date=1998&au=Burgess,+Michael+M.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402467","display_name":"DigitalGeorgetown (Georgetown University Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210145449","host_organization_name":"Center for Security and Emerging Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210145449"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"BRL:MEDKIE/98277029","raw_type":null},{"id":"mag:2124097564","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9614824","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"PubMed","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:209494","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://europepmc.org/pmc/articles/PMC1229325","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8999999761581421}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W331836946","https://openalex.org/W1120305235","https://openalex.org/W1517845607","https://openalex.org/W1520786604","https://openalex.org/W1545794219","https://openalex.org/W1847257610","https://openalex.org/W1991977542","https://openalex.org/W1995561637","https://openalex.org/W2005686707","https://openalex.org/W2035591500","https://openalex.org/W2038484584","https://openalex.org/W2078959141","https://openalex.org/W2079287002","https://openalex.org/W2087078196","https://openalex.org/W2107125185","https://openalex.org/W2112117378","https://openalex.org/W2121374105","https://openalex.org/W2121642311","https://openalex.org/W2137342297","https://openalex.org/W2171268268","https://openalex.org/W2317137640","https://openalex.org/W2403013634","https://openalex.org/W2404685495","https://openalex.org/W2442109112","https://openalex.org/W2469872137","https://openalex.org/W2587035631","https://openalex.org/W2779512425"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2286828860","https://openalex.org/W763924975","https://openalex.org/W2408367722","https://openalex.org/W4255645867","https://openalex.org/W4232869903","https://openalex.org/W7101114763","https://openalex.org/W2443778759","https://openalex.org/W4243423249","https://openalex.org/W2223857077","https://openalex.org/W2802171117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Information":[0],"about":[1],"a":[2],"patient's":[3],"inherited":[4],"risk":[5],"of":[6,28,41,52,83,97,100,110,162],"disease":[7,156],"has":[8],"important":[9,38,70],"ethical":[10],"and":[11,32,44,56,80,101,113,119,137,157],"legal":[12],"implications":[13],"in":[14,39,149],"clinical":[15,125],"practice.":[16],"Because":[17],"genetic":[18,135,163],"information":[19,53,164],"is":[20,68,141],"by":[21,91,153,158],"nature":[22],"highly":[23],"personal":[24],"yet":[25],"familial,":[26],"issues":[27],"confidentiality":[29],"arise.":[30],"Counselling":[31],"informed":[33],"consent":[34],"before":[35],"testing":[36],"are":[37,62,108,120],"view":[40],"the":[42,50,57,81,98,102,111,160],"social":[43,112],"psychological":[45,114],"risks":[46,115],"that":[47,59,143],"accompany":[48],"testing,":[49,55,118],"complexity":[51],"surrounding":[54],"fact":[58],"effective":[60],"interventions":[61],"often":[63],"not":[64],"available.":[65],"Follow-up":[66],"counselling":[67,87,136],"also":[69],"to":[71,122,131],"help":[72],"patients":[73,133],"integrate":[74],"test":[75],"results":[76],"into":[77,165],"their":[78,84],"lives":[79,82],"relatives.":[85],"Genetic":[86],"should":[88],"be":[89,147],"provided":[90],"practitioners":[92],"who":[93],"have":[94],"up-to-date":[95],"knowledge":[96],"genetics":[99],"tests":[103],"available":[104],"for":[105,134,155],"specific":[106],"diseases,":[107],"aware":[109],"associated":[116],"with":[117],"able":[121],"provide":[123],"appropriate":[124],"follow-up.":[126],"Some":[127],"physicians":[128,145],"may":[129],"elect":[130],"refer":[132],"testing.":[138],"However,":[139],"it":[140],"inevitable":[142],"all":[144],"will":[146],"involved":[148],"long-term":[150],"follow-up":[151],"both":[152],"monitoring":[154],"supporting":[159],"integration":[161],"patients'":[166],"lives.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}