{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2123016334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27218k","title":"Force spectroscopy of complex biopolymers with heterogeneous elasticity","display_name":"Force spectroscopy of complex biopolymers with heterogeneous elasticity","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-11-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2123016334","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27218k","mag":"2123016334","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24049545","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3773885"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1039/c2sm27218k","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27218k","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27218k","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6377669","display_name":"Soft Matter","issn_l":"1744-683X","issn":["1744-683X","1744-6848"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft Matter","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3773885","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5049334798","display_name":"David Valdman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Valdman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067608826","display_name":"Benjamin J. Lopez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-9771","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7171-9771"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin J. Lopez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055039160","display_name":"Megan T. Valentine","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-8478","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4781-8478"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Megan T. Valentine","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018833756","display_name":"Paul J. Atzberger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6806-8069","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6806-8069"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154570441","display_name":"University of California, Santa Barbara","ror":"https://ror.org/02t274463","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Paul J. Atzberger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA","Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018833756","https://openalex.org/A5055039160"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154570441"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3311,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57445352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"3","first_page":"772","last_page":"778"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9136000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10923","display_name":"Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications","score":0.9136000275611877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10379","display_name":"Cellular Mechanics and Interactions","score":0.07880000025033951,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10492","display_name":"Microtubule and mitosis dynamics","score":0.002400000113993883,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1307","display_name":"Cell Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/force-spectroscopy","display_name":"force spectroscopy","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bending-elasticity","display_name":"bending elasticity","score":0.7570000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microtubules","display_name":"microtubules","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microtubule-polymerization","display_name":"microtubule assembly","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gmpcpp","display_name":"GMPCPP","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/guanosine-triphosphate","display_name":"GTP","score":0.5659999847412109},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thermal-fluctuations","display_name":"thermal fluctuations","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filament-bundling","display_name":"filament bundling","score":0.7110000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-mechanics-of-polymers","display_name":"statistical mechanics of polymers","score":0.6050000190734863}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778636629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422649","display_name":"Biopolymer","level":3,"score":0.8462910652160645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14228908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920483","display_name":"Protein filament","level":2,"score":0.835378110408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121854251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q62932","display_name":"Elasticity (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7731229066848755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779372316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569057","display_name":"Stiffness","level":2,"score":0.5479346513748169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C521977710","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81163","display_name":"Polymer","level":2,"score":0.5329329371452332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128172907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4887116","display_name":"Bending stiffness","level":3,"score":0.4609108567237854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159467904","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001702","display_name":"Chemical physics","level":1,"score":0.3774091303348541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.3587559759616852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186060115","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30336093","display_name":"Biological system","level":1,"score":0.3520077168941498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.3194092810153961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.19694757461547852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1039/c2sm27218k","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27218k","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1039/c2sm27218k","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S6377669","display_name":"Soft Matter","issn_l":"1744-683X","issn":["1744-683X","1744-6848"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","medline","norway-2","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320556","host_organization_name":"Royal Society of Chemistry","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320556"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society of Chemistry"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft Matter","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:24049545","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24049545","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Soft matter","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2766186","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3773885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3773885","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3773885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Soft Matter","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2766186","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/3773885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7668052566","display_name":"Determining How Tau and EB1 Affect Microtubule Structure & Kinesin Translocation","funder_award_id":"F32GM103195","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","funder_display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306133","display_name":"Burroughs Wellcome Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/01d35cw23"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337354","display_name":"National Institute of General Medical Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04q48ey07"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W391189529","https://openalex.org/W1490180844","https://openalex.org/W1761334656","https://openalex.org/W1801796326","https://openalex.org/W1969245469","https://openalex.org/W1984048831","https://openalex.org/W1993706520","https://openalex.org/W1996995850","https://openalex.org/W1999422842","https://openalex.org/W2001037830","https://openalex.org/W2032145617","https://openalex.org/W2043786530","https://openalex.org/W2054028945","https://openalex.org/W2079655651","https://openalex.org/W2081531192","https://openalex.org/W2112136921","https://openalex.org/W2113579203","https://openalex.org/W2140274087","https://openalex.org/W2149374899","https://openalex.org/W2561238685","https://openalex.org/W2587098202"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993706520","https://openalex.org/W2129559039","https://openalex.org/W4415062184","https://openalex.org/W2019828137","https://openalex.org/W2318725284","https://openalex.org/W3197800773","https://openalex.org/W4317425208","https://openalex.org/W2063135597","https://openalex.org/W2025502253","https://openalex.org/W7065600225"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cellular":[0],"biopolymers":[1,49,118],"can":[2,38],"exhibit":[3],"significant":[4,41],"compositional":[5,207],"heterogeneities":[6],"as":[7,144],"a":[8,64,81,105,145,195],"result":[9],"of":[10,14,19,29,34,48,115,122,126,147,177,180,187],"the":[11,17,26,44,69,110,120,127,148,174],"non-uniform":[12],"binding":[13,90],"associated":[15],"proteins,":[16],"formation":[18],"microstructural":[20],"defects":[21],"during":[22],"filament":[23,58,128,149],"assembly,":[24],"or":[25,193],"imperfect":[27],"bundling":[28,92],"filaments":[30,138,179],"into":[31],"composite":[32],"structures":[33],"variable":[35,181],"diameter.":[36],"These":[37],"lead":[39],"to":[40,87,108],"variations":[42],"in":[43,80,99],"local":[45,75,141],"mechanical":[46,205],"properties":[47,114],"along":[50],"their":[51],"length.":[52],"Existing":[53],"spectral":[54],"analysis":[55],"methods":[56],"assume":[57],"homogeneity":[59],"and":[60,91,97,162,168,206],"therefore":[61],"report":[62],"only":[63],"single":[65],"average":[66],"stiffness":[67,96,160],"for":[68,136],"entire":[70],"filament.":[71],"However,":[72],"understanding":[73,88],"how":[74,89],"effects":[76],"modulate":[77],"biopolymer":[78,95],"mechanics":[79],"spatially":[82,111],"resolved":[83],"manner":[84],"is":[85],"essential":[86],"proteins":[93],"regulate":[94],"function":[98,146],"cellular":[100],"contexts.":[101],"Here,":[102],"we":[103,200],"present":[104],"new":[106,132],"method":[107],"determine":[109,173],"varying":[112],"material":[113],"individual":[116],"complex":[117],"from":[119],"observation":[121],"passive":[123],"thermal":[124],"fluctuations":[125],"conformation.":[129],"We":[130,151,171],"develop":[131],"statistical":[133],"mechanics-based":[134],"approaches":[135],"heterogeneous":[137],"that":[139],"estimate":[140],"bending":[142,175],"elasticities":[143],"arc-length.":[150],"validate":[152],"this":[153],"methodology":[154],"using":[155,190],"simulated":[156],"polymers":[157],"with":[158],"known":[159],"distributions,":[161],"find":[163,201],"excellent":[164,202],"agreement":[165,203],"between":[166,204],"derived":[167],"expected":[169],"values.":[170],"then":[172],"elasticity":[176],"microtubule":[178],"composition":[182],"generated":[183],"by":[184],"repeated":[185],"rounds":[186],"tubulin":[188],"polymerization":[189],"either":[191],"GTP":[192,197],"GMPCPP,":[194],"nonhydrolyzable":[196],"analog.":[198],"Again,":[199],"heterogeneities.":[208]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-28T10:33:24.094632","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}