{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122675110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","title":"Discrimination, discounting and impulsivity: a role for an informational constraint","display_name":"Discrimination, discounting and impulsivity: a role for an informational constraint","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122675110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","mag":"2122675110","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12495510","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1693067"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91660768","display_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0962-8436","issn":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1693067","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058991401","display_name":"David W. Stephens","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5248","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3720-5248"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"David W. Stephens","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA ()"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA ()","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058991401"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3882,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":86,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81168831,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"357","issue":"1427","first_page":"1527","last_page":"1537"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10315","display_name":"Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1800","display_name":"General Decision Sciences"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10042","display_name":"Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies","score":0.00839999970048666,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10056","display_name":"Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior","score":0.0007999999797903001,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2804","display_name":"Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-discounting","display_name":"delay discounting","score":0.9110000133514404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impulsivity","display_name":"impulsivity","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feeding-behaviour","display_name":"feeding behaviour","score":0.5910000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delayed-rewards","display_name":"delayed rewards","score":0.6330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inter-trial-interval","display_name":"intertrial interval","score":0.8479999899864197}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780319597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549918","display_name":"Impulsivity","level":2,"score":0.8798372149467468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6177178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10998070","display_name":"Discounting","level":2,"score":0.7258236408233643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776036281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q48769818","display_name":"Constraint (computer-aided design)","level":2,"score":0.6280151605606079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2994109249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186412","display_name":"Delay discounting","level":3,"score":0.58663409948349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5091373324394226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.42172765731811523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.3580860197544098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.3155590295791626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.2042924165725708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.17842265963554382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D001522","descriptor_name":"Behavior, Animal","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002755","descriptor_name":"Choice Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003657","descriptor_name":"Decision Making","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005247","descriptor_name":"Feeding Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008954","descriptor_name":"Models, Biological","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011336","descriptor_name":"Probability","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2002.1062","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S91660768","display_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0962-8436","issn":["0962-8436","1471-2970"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-d","jufo-2","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1342235","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1693067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:12495510","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12495510","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1693067","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1693067/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:1342235","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/1693067","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G189911335","display_name":"Discounting, reciprocity and cooperation","funder_award_id":"R01MH064151","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5381235377","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"R01-MH64151-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5796831241","display_name":"Cooperation, Altruism, and Self-control","funder_award_id":"9896102","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337346","display_name":"National Institute of Mental Health","ror":"https://ror.org/04xeg9z08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W614233367","https://openalex.org/W1847236181","https://openalex.org/W1984035009","https://openalex.org/W1987430120","https://openalex.org/W2008463690","https://openalex.org/W2031344788","https://openalex.org/W2046889372","https://openalex.org/W2049527095","https://openalex.org/W2054218883","https://openalex.org/W2060694206","https://openalex.org/W2078850081","https://openalex.org/W2081512069","https://openalex.org/W2084762552","https://openalex.org/W2089967531","https://openalex.org/W2093108455","https://openalex.org/W2097495332","https://openalex.org/W2108933650","https://openalex.org/W2134247338","https://openalex.org/W2135022621","https://openalex.org/W2150989899","https://openalex.org/W2505526450"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7097631736","https://openalex.org/W4318484590","https://openalex.org/W2082262255","https://openalex.org/W2150871908","https://openalex.org/W4404296249","https://openalex.org/W2008513563","https://openalex.org/W573585718","https://openalex.org/W2108933650","https://openalex.org/W2124454227","https://openalex.org/W2284518359"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Feeding":[0],"animals":[1,24],"often":[2],"prefer":[3],"small,":[4],"quickly":[5],"delivered":[6],"rewards":[7],"over":[8],"larger,":[9],"more":[10],"delayed":[11,26,32,156],"rewards.":[12],"Students":[13],"of":[14,46,68,88,127],"feeding":[15],"behaviour":[16,20],"typically":[17],"explain":[18],"this":[19],"by":[21],"saying":[22],"that":[23,31,54,63,95,114,138,166,188],"discount":[25],"benefits.":[27,39],"Temporal":[28],"discounting":[29,69,116],"implies":[30],"benefits":[33],"are":[34],"worth":[35],"less":[36],"than":[37,185],"immediate":[38],"This":[40,72,109,193],"paper":[41],"presents":[42],"a":[43,124,148,152,159,171,181,186],"new":[44,61],"explanation":[45,126],"short-sighted":[47,172],"decision-making":[48],"called":[49],"the":[50,86,89,93,96,112,128,132,136,139],"discrimination":[51,133,154,168],"advantage":[52,134],"model":[53,62,73,135],"does":[55,141],"not":[56,123,142],"rely":[57],"on":[58],"discounting.":[59],"A":[60,162],"includes":[64],"several":[65,200],"possible":[66],"causes":[67],"is":[70,121,145,169,195],"developed.":[71],"has":[74,106],"many":[75],"interesting":[76],"features,":[77],"but":[78],"it":[79,120],"cannot":[80],"account":[81],"for":[82],"two":[83],"empirical":[84],"results:":[85],"strength":[87],"'discounting'":[90],"effect":[91],"and":[92,197],"fact":[94],"time":[97],"between":[98,155],"choice":[99,144,173],"presentations":[100],"(the":[101],"intertrial":[102],"interval":[103],"or":[104],"ITI)":[105],"no":[107],"effect.":[108],"leads":[110],"to":[111,150,180],"conclusion":[113],"although":[115],"may":[117],"be":[118],"important":[119],"probably":[122],"complete":[125],"experimental":[129],"facts.":[130],"In":[131],"observation":[137],"ITI":[140],"affect":[143],"seen":[146],"as":[147],"strategy":[149],"make":[151],"cleaner":[153],"alternatives":[157],"in":[158,176,199],"noisy":[160],"world.":[161],"simple":[163],"example":[164],"shows":[165],"when":[167],"imperfect":[170],"rule":[174,187],"can,":[175],"some":[177],"situations,":[178],"lead":[179],"higher":[182],"long-term":[183,191],"rate":[184],"actually":[189],"compares":[190],"rates.":[192],"idea":[194],"developed":[196],"extended":[198],"ways.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}