{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2122157883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4134355","title":"How Organizational Field Networks Shape Interorganizational Tie-Formation Rates","display_name":"How Organizational Field Networks Shape Interorganizational Tie-Formation Rates","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2122157883","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4134355","mag":"2122157883"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2307/4134355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4134355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4134355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46763546","display_name":"Academy of Management Review","issn_l":"0363-7425","issn":["0363-7425","1930-3807"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Academy of Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062328388","display_name":"Patrick Kenis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2494-6090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2494-6090","https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4451-8908"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","display_name":"Tilburg University","ror":"https://ror.org/04b8v1s79","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Kenis","raw_affiliation_strings":["(Tilburg University)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"(Tilburg University)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086150821","display_name":"David Knoke","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Knoke","raw_affiliation_strings":["#N# 2University of Minnesota"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"#N# 2University of Minnesota","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":35.2539,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":302,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99487705,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"275","last_page":"275"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.4625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13402","display_name":"Business Strategy and Innovation","score":0.4625999927520752,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10003","display_name":"Innovation and Knowledge Management","score":0.25949999690055847,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10344","display_name":"Management and Organizational Studies","score":0.19140000641345978,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tie-formation","display_name":"tie formation","score":0.8569999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/strategic-alliances","display_name":"strategic alliances","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/joint-ventures","display_name":"joint ventures","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interorganizational-collaboration","display_name":"inter-organizational collaboration","score":0.6629999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-density","display_name":"network density","score":0.8769999742507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reciprocity","display_name":"reciprocity","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centralization","display_name":"centralization","score":0.7879999876022339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexity","display_name":"multiplexity","score":0.8690000176429749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-hierarchy","display_name":"network hierarchy","score":0.7440000176429749}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778804568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7102017","display_name":"Organizational field","level":3,"score":0.6560128927230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169903001","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3264987","display_name":"Reciprocity (cultural anthropology)","level":2,"score":0.6478850245475769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.6290785670280457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.614220917224884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.5912976264953613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39214371","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q19483216","display_name":"Organizational behavior","level":2,"score":0.49250587821006775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.44722265005111694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.41152215003967285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.36556461453437805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3294534683227539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.3058018088340759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21817609667778015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2110869288444519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147887874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16252774","display_name":"Institutional theory","level":2,"score":0.1475103199481964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.11089575290679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.10180678963661194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.08363446593284607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2307/4134355","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4134355","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2307/4134355","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46763546","display_name":"Academy of Management Review","issn_l":"0363-7425","issn":["0363-7425","1930-3807"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Academy of Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"doi:10.5465/amr.2002.6588029","doi":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6588029","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2002.6588029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S46763546","display_name":"Academy of Management Review","issn_l":"0363-7425","issn":["0363-7425","1930-3807"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","fnege-1-star","ft50","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","utd24","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316266","host_organization_name":"Academy of Management","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316266"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Academy of Management"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Review","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:openaire_cris_publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401490","display_name":"Research portal (Tilburg University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193700539","host_organization_name":"Tilburg University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193700539"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Kenis, P N & Knoke, D 2002, 'How Organizational Field Networks shape Interorganizational Tie-formation Rates', Academy of Management Review, vol. 27, no. 2, pp. 275-293.","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:uvt:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 275 - 293. Academy of Management","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:uvt:oai:tilburguniversity.edu:publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.tilburguniversity.edu/en/publications/9d982ea0-4293-4bb9-9652-487dcf1a3b9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Academy of Management Review, 27(2), 275 - 293. Academy of Management","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114487202","https://openalex.org/W126689985","https://openalex.org/W155512938","https://openalex.org/W223299168","https://openalex.org/W286295083","https://openalex.org/W585753716","https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1567663560","https://openalex.org/W1580173798","https://openalex.org/W1970326724","https://openalex.org/W1971937094","https://openalex.org/W1979977836","https://openalex.org/W1981069243","https://openalex.org/W1981374161","https://openalex.org/W1986310535","https://openalex.org/W1986847511","https://openalex.org/W1993663609","https://openalex.org/W1999216122","https://openalex.org/W1999369886","https://openalex.org/W2005185017","https://openalex.org/W2005333345","https://openalex.org/W2014091750","https://openalex.org/W2027396111","https://openalex.org/W2033151756","https://openalex.org/W2039927059","https://openalex.org/W2042019062","https://openalex.org/W2044744663","https://openalex.org/W2056944867","https://openalex.org/W2061901927","https://openalex.org/W2109469951","https://openalex.org/W2118054970","https://openalex.org/W2126513909","https://openalex.org/W2152665140","https://openalex.org/W2154700690","https://openalex.org/W2187250072","https://openalex.org/W2312641008","https://openalex.org/W2319209715","https://openalex.org/W2333347221","https://openalex.org/W3123282572","https://openalex.org/W3124110363","https://openalex.org/W3124423022","https://openalex.org/W3148507870","https://openalex.org/W4210631499","https://openalex.org/W4240002427","https://openalex.org/W4298878484","https://openalex.org/W4301412493","https://openalex.org/W4320800894"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3171216839","https://openalex.org/W2403831381","https://openalex.org/W2011275329","https://openalex.org/W2025416535","https://openalex.org/W7099858175","https://openalex.org/W2185268590","https://openalex.org/W2786992498","https://openalex.org/W2153408645","https://openalex.org/W2053560864","https://openalex.org/W2048958296"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,63],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,26,73],"impact":[3],"of":[4,11,13,28,38,68,76],"communication":[5],"in":[6,59],"field-level":[7],"networks":[8],"on":[9],"rates":[10],"formation":[12],"interorganizational":[14,60],"collaborative":[15],"ties,":[16],"such":[17,47],"as":[18,48],"strategic":[19],"alliances":[20],"and":[21,41,53],"joint":[22],"ventures.":[23],"After":[24],"developing":[25],"concept":[27],"an":[29],"organizational":[30],"field":[31],"network":[32],"(\u201cfield-net\u201d),":[33],"we":[34],"derive":[35],"a":[36],"set":[37],"testable":[39],"propositions":[40],"corollaries":[42],"that":[43],"relate":[44],"field-net":[45],"properties,":[46],"density,":[49],"reciprocity,":[50],"centralization,":[51],"multiplexity,":[52],"hierarchy,":[54],"to":[55],"subsequent":[56],"nonlinear":[57],"changes":[58],"tie-formation":[61],"rates.":[62],"conclude":[64],"by":[65],"discussing":[66],"aspects":[67],"empirical":[69,74],"research":[70],"for":[71],"testing":[72],"validity":[75],"these":[77],"propositions.":[78]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":19}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}