{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2121495098","doi":null,"title":"Monocytes in chronic HIV-1 infection : changes in phenotypic marker expression and their relationship with immune activation","display_name":"Monocytes in chronic HIV-1 infection : changes in phenotypic marker expression and their relationship with immune activation","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2121495098","mag":"2121495098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/95914","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078595662","display_name":"Karmistha Poovan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Karmistha Poovan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078595662"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10112","display_name":"HIV Research and Treatment","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2406","display_name":"Virology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11655","display_name":"HIV-related health complications and treatments","score":0.0034000000450760126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10082","display_name":"HIV/AIDS Research and Interventions","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2725","display_name":"Infectious Diseases"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-hiv-1-infection","display_name":"chronic HIV-1 infection","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/monocytes","display_name":"monocytes","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd14-cd16-monocytes","display_name":"CD14+CD16+ monocytes","score":0.9789999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immune-activation","display_name":"immune activation","score":0.7129999995231628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-homing-receptors","display_name":"gut-homing receptors","score":0.7179999947547913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ccr7","display_name":"CCR7","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/l-selectin","display_name":"L-selectin","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ccr5","display_name":"CCR5","score":0.8989999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd69","display_name":"CD69","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/il-10","display_name":"IL-10","score":0.8270000219345093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lipopolysaccharide-response","display_name":"lipopolysaccharide response","score":0.8560000061988831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemokine-receptors","display_name":"chemokine receptors","score":0.7689999938011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd4-t-cell-depletion","display_name":"CD4+ T cell depletion","score":0.7480000257492065}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127716648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104053","display_name":"Phenotype","level":3,"score":0.7455485463142395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8891405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1059","display_name":"Immune system","level":2,"score":0.6470611095428467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5717121958732605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3013748606","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15787","display_name":"Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)","level":2,"score":0.5691147446632385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.5073942542076111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4118776321411133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159047783","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7215","display_name":"Virology","level":1,"score":0.3810531198978424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.22687211632728577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.11258092522621155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.06154721975326538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:scholar.sun.ac.za:10019.1/95914","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/95914","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400300","display_name":"SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I26092322","host_organization_name":"Stellenbosch University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26092322"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Thesis"},{"id":"mag:2121495098","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://scholar.sun.ac.za:443/handle/10019.1/95914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9940000176429749,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":81,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1479742935","https://openalex.org/W1700600664","https://openalex.org/W1866929957","https://openalex.org/W1963927668","https://openalex.org/W1964694127","https://openalex.org/W1964857530","https://openalex.org/W1966064265","https://openalex.org/W1970555184","https://openalex.org/W1971490411","https://openalex.org/W1973598521","https://openalex.org/W1977282539","https://openalex.org/W1977797184","https://openalex.org/W1982024140","https://openalex.org/W1984098480","https://openalex.org/W1984574450","https://openalex.org/W1987726837","https://openalex.org/W1993246953","https://openalex.org/W1995706566","https://openalex.org/W1998493815","https://openalex.org/W1999929128","https://openalex.org/W2000203727","https://openalex.org/W2000855148","https://openalex.org/W2004070471","https://openalex.org/W2004684952","https://openalex.org/W2005385321","https://openalex.org/W2008791719","https://openalex.org/W2012700090","https://openalex.org/W2013727257","https://openalex.org/W2013873031","https://openalex.org/W2017327685","https://openalex.org/W2020085254","https://openalex.org/W2023158948","https://openalex.org/W2026125174","https://openalex.org/W2027397519","https://openalex.org/W2029752579","https://openalex.org/W2031084334","https://openalex.org/W2036505093","https://openalex.org/W2040446041","https://openalex.org/W2042263670","https://openalex.org/W2042704706","https://openalex.org/W2044460884","https://openalex.org/W2050480420","https://openalex.org/W2051122335","https://openalex.org/W2053163556","https://openalex.org/W2055827526","https://openalex.org/W2059740732","https://openalex.org/W2061166902","https://openalex.org/W2061187687","https://openalex.org/W2061401320","https://openalex.org/W2061735986","https://openalex.org/W2063042610","https://openalex.org/W2077127551","https://openalex.org/W2078081644","https://openalex.org/W2079773459","https://openalex.org/W2081805554","https://openalex.org/W2094434723","https://openalex.org/W2096635836","https://openalex.org/W2099069940","https://openalex.org/W2099982660","https://openalex.org/W2100646399","https://openalex.org/W2110850173","https://openalex.org/W2111732142","https://openalex.org/W2114639316","https://openalex.org/W2116461984","https://openalex.org/W2117683008","https://openalex.org/W2124347712","https://openalex.org/W2125234779","https://openalex.org/W2126400287","https://openalex.org/W2138155731","https://openalex.org/W2146302858","https://openalex.org/W2146488133","https://openalex.org/W2154012446","https://openalex.org/W2156672979","https://openalex.org/W2158550197","https://openalex.org/W2158929043","https://openalex.org/W2159642096","https://openalex.org/W2162723667","https://openalex.org/W2328064113","https://openalex.org/W2333262245","https://openalex.org/W2897034676","https://openalex.org/W4312464950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W48084937","https://openalex.org/W3032147951","https://openalex.org/W2026264428","https://openalex.org/W2596197115","https://openalex.org/W2953899389","https://openalex.org/W2317565735","https://openalex.org/W2111393881","https://openalex.org/W2013536126","https://openalex.org/W2465951710","https://openalex.org/W2033693429"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ENGLISH":[0],"ABSTRACT:":[1],"HIV-infection":[2,197,310,320],"is":[3],"characterized":[4],"by":[5,259,322,335],"depletion":[6],"of":[7,26,35,51,74,136,179,298,333,352],"CD4+":[8,187],"T-cells":[9],"from":[10],"the":[11,45,68,180,208,224,247,254,260,282,292,299,344,350],"gut-associated":[12],"lymphoid":[13],"tissue":[14],"(GALT)":[15],"which":[16],"causes":[17],"irreparable":[18],"gastrointestinal":[19],"tract":[20],"damage":[21,102],"and":[22,47,76,96,112,116,123,131,142,144,154,177,189,205,218,232,287,311,326,342,360],"subsequent":[23],"microbial":[24],"translocation":[25],"bacterial":[27],"products":[28],"such":[29,55],"as":[30,56,64,210],"lipopolysaccharide":[31],"(LPS),":[32],"a":[33,234,316],"component":[34],"Gram-negative":[36],"bacteria,":[37],"into":[38],"systemic":[39,203],"circulation.":[40],"HIV":[41],"infection":[42,75,359],"also":[43,160,194,277],"affects":[44],"functions":[46],"relative":[48],"population":[49],"sizes":[50],"various":[52],"immune":[53,62,86],"cells,":[54],"monocytes.":[57,133],"Monocytes":[58],"are":[59,66],"important":[60],"innate":[61],"cells":[63,70,354],"they":[65],"often":[67],"first":[69],"recruited":[71],"to":[72,110,172,184,201,246],"sites":[73],"inflammation.":[77],"They":[78],"then":[79],"either":[80],"promote":[81],"inflammatory":[82],"processes;":[83],"elicit":[84],"adaptive":[85],"responses,":[87],"through":[88,212,238],"their":[89,323,340],"antigen":[90],"presenting":[91],"ability;":[92],"aid":[93,100],"in":[94,101,118,173,270,291,355],"pathogen":[95],"debris":[97],"clearance":[98],"or":[99],"repair.":[103],"This":[104],"cross-sectional":[105],"study":[106,301],"investigated":[107],"functional":[108],"changes":[109],"monocytes":[111,198,272,314],"monocyte":[113,156,294,304],"subsets":[114],"(CD14+CD16-":[115],"CD14+CD16+)":[117],"HIV+,":[119],"treatment":[120],"na\u00efve":[121],"individuals":[122],"healthy":[124],"uninfected":[125],"controls,":[126],"using":[127,166],"whole":[128],"blood":[129],"assays":[130],"isolated":[132],"A":[134],"number":[135],"chemokine":[137,182],"receptors":[138,183],"associated":[139],"with":[140],"function":[141],"homing,":[143],"specific":[145],"gut-homing":[146],"receptors,":[147],"were":[148,159,164],"investigated.":[149,161],"Monocyte":[150,170],"activation,":[151],"apoptotic":[152],"potential":[153],"intracellular":[155],"cytokine":[157],"production":[158,258,332],"All":[162],"markers":[163],"evaluated":[165],"multi-parameter":[167],"flow":[168],"cytometry.":[169],"responsiveness":[171],"vitro":[174],"LPS":[175,280],"stimulation":[176],"expression":[178,192,241,269],"afore-mentioned":[181],"viral":[185],"load,":[186],"count":[188],"CD38/8":[190],"T-cell":[191],"was":[193,227,253,276],"assessed.":[195],"During":[196],"appeared":[199],"primed":[200],"exit":[202],"circulation":[204],"migrate":[206],"towards":[207],"gut,":[209],"seen":[211],"elevated":[213,267],"CD62-L":[214],"(p":[215,220,229,242,263,273],"<":[216,221,243,264,274],"0.005)":[217,244,275],"CCR7":[219],"0.005),":[222],"whereas":[223],"CD14+CD16+":[225,261,313],"subset":[226,262,337],"increased":[228,239,256],"=":[230],"0.0461)":[231],"exhibited":[233],"higher":[235],"activation":[236],"status":[237],"CD69":[240],"compared":[245],"CD14+CD16-":[248],"subset.":[249],"An":[250,266],"interesting":[251],"observation":[252],"significantly":[255],"IL-10":[257,334],"0.005).":[265],"CCR5":[268],"total":[271,293],"seen.":[278],"After":[279],"stimulation,":[281],"HIV+":[283],"group":[284],"displayed":[285],"unique":[286],"significant":[288],"percentage":[289],"increases":[290],"population.":[295],"The":[296,331],"findings":[297],"current":[300],"suggest":[302],"that":[303,312],"functionality":[305],"may":[306],"be":[307],"retained":[308],"during":[309,319],"play":[315],"vital":[317],"role":[318,351],"evidenced":[321],"preferential":[324],"expansion":[325],"priming":[327],"for":[328,346],"GALT":[329],"migration.":[330],"this":[336],"further":[338],"highlights":[339],"importance":[341],"emphasizes":[343],"need":[345],"future":[347],"studies":[348],"on":[349],"these":[353],"chronic":[356],"stable":[357],"HIV-1":[358],"whilst":[361],"disease":[362],"progresses.":[363]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}