{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118988738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x030006003","title":"Teachers\u2019 Work: Institutional Isomorphism and Cultural Variation in the U.S., Germany, and Japan","display_name":"Teachers\u2019 Work: Institutional Isomorphism and Cultural Variation in the U.S., Germany, and Japan","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118988738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x030006003","mag":"2118988738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3102/0013189x030006003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x030006003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x030006003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55175622","display_name":"Educational Researcher","issn_l":"0013-189X","issn":["0013-189X","1935-102X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Researcher","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054004285","display_name":"Gerald K. LeTendre","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3737-4324","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3737-4324"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gerald K. LeTendre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include adolescent decision making and school organization","Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include adolescent decision making and school organization"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include adolescent decision making and school organization","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include adolescent decision making and school organization","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035715945","display_name":"David P. Baker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9967-8249","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9967-8249","https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6635-3784"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David P. Baker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Education Policy Studies and Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include the comparative analysis of the institutionalization of education in society","Departments of Education Policy Studies and Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include the comparative analysis of the institutionalization of education in society"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Education Policy Studies and Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include the comparative analysis of the institutionalization of education in society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Education Policy Studies and Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include the comparative analysis of the institutionalization of education in society","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082038816","display_name":"Motoko Akiba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8509-4031","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8509-4031"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91481961","display_name":"Mills College","ror":"https://ror.org/01ynb8e46","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I12912129","https://openalex.org/I91481961"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Motoko Akiba","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Blvd., Oakland, CA 94613;\rHis research interests include school violence and lesson-study","Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Blvd., Oakland, CA 94613;#R#. His research interests include school violence and lesson-study"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Blvd., Oakland, CA 94613;\rHis research interests include school violence and lesson-study","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91481961"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mills College, 5000 MacArthur Blvd., Oakland, CA 94613;#R#. His research interests include school violence and lesson-study","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91481961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081797953","display_name":"Brian Goesling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8550","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5311-8550"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian Goesling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include social stratification and institutional theory","Department of Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include social stratification and institutional theory"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include social stratification and institutional theory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Sociology at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include social stratification and institutional theory","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038895242","display_name":"Alexander W. Wiseman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-957X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3674-957X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Wiseman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include the mangerial activity of principals, school-to-work transition, andcomparative analysis of educational systems","Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include the mangerial activity of principals, school-to-work transition, andcomparative analysis of educational systems"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;\rHis research interests include the mangerial activity of principals, school-to-work transition, andcomparative analysis of educational systems","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Education Policy Studies at Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 18602;#R#His research interests include the mangerial activity of principals, school-to-work transition, andcomparative analysis of educational systems","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2500},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":37.8982,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":144,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9941144,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"6","first_page":"3","last_page":"15"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11300","display_name":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11300","display_name":"Global Educational Policies and Reforms","score":0.9351000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10008","display_name":"Teacher Education and Leadership Studies","score":0.04170000180602074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11039","display_name":"Evaluation of Teaching Practices","score":0.002199999988079071,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-work","display_name":"teacher work","score":0.8240000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-isomorphism","display_name":"institutional isomorphism","score":0.9430000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-beliefs","display_name":"teacher beliefs","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teaching-practice","display_name":"teaching practice","score":0.6380000114440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timss","display_name":"TIMSS","score":0.8460000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-comparison-of-education","display_name":"international comparison of education systems","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/teacher-working-conditions","display_name":"teacher working conditions","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/education-policy","display_name":"education policy","score":0.7649999856948853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203436722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902950","display_name":"Isomorphism (crystallography)","level":3,"score":0.6897604465484619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6877272725105286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5719573497772217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.5446606874465942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125209646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338878","display_name":"Cultural diversity","level":2,"score":0.4902627766132355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.3864208459854126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.38454240560531616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3752574324607849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.28081393241882324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115624301","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q895901","display_name":"Crystal structure","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8010536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160398","display_name":"Crystallography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19165224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23404","display_name":"Anthropology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3102/0013189x030006003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x030006003","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3102/0013189x030006003","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S55175622","display_name":"Educational Researcher","issn_l":"0013-189X","issn":["0013-189X","1935-102X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","norway-2"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320017","host_organization_name":"SAGE Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320017"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["SAGE Publishing"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Educational Researcher","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.975600004196167,"display_name":"Quality education"}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":85,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W5093653","https://openalex.org/W65962399","https://openalex.org/W66143725","https://openalex.org/W69245174","https://openalex.org/W76115582","https://openalex.org/W106474608","https://openalex.org/W121204883","https://openalex.org/W211373321","https://openalex.org/W220775462","https://openalex.org/W258049604","https://openalex.org/W263686585","https://openalex.org/W600775938","https://openalex.org/W1486890317","https://openalex.org/W1489358524","https://openalex.org/W1493996684","https://openalex.org/W1494510307","https://openalex.org/W1547063909","https://openalex.org/W1548297795","https://openalex.org/W1599165712","https://openalex.org/W1660388999","https://openalex.org/W1977363797","https://openalex.org/W1980956348","https://openalex.org/W1981406402","https://openalex.org/W1981847839","https://openalex.org/W1983642261","https://openalex.org/W1984591987","https://openalex.org/W1985707021","https://openalex.org/W1988352704","https://openalex.org/W1994925902","https://openalex.org/W1998702167","https://openalex.org/W2015701776","https://openalex.org/W2018944729","https://openalex.org/W2021195356","https://openalex.org/W2026744119","https://openalex.org/W2033399268","https://openalex.org/W2033933531","https://openalex.org/W2034021072","https://openalex.org/W2053191622","https://openalex.org/W2053600133","https://openalex.org/W2056260478","https://openalex.org/W2061357862","https://openalex.org/W2078235096","https://openalex.org/W2082954639","https://openalex.org/W2088223171","https://openalex.org/W2091537937","https://openalex.org/W2099154992","https://openalex.org/W2099590427","https://openalex.org/W2107838893","https://openalex.org/W2112847441","https://openalex.org/W2121393013","https://openalex.org/W2129670752","https://openalex.org/W2149762648","https://openalex.org/W2159438231","https://openalex.org/W2185500081","https://openalex.org/W2329642675","https://openalex.org/W2333799366","https://openalex.org/W2334085503","https://openalex.org/W2470142779","https://openalex.org/W2505313498","https://openalex.org/W2566080489","https://openalex.org/W2595180964","https://openalex.org/W2797824474","https://openalex.org/W2798531784","https://openalex.org/W2798663812","https://openalex.org/W2799068712","https://openalex.org/W2808594541","https://openalex.org/W2888934157","https://openalex.org/W2892087455","https://openalex.org/W2990615699","https://openalex.org/W2990666725","https://openalex.org/W2994297897","https://openalex.org/W3014562457","https://openalex.org/W3143905767","https://openalex.org/W3215859035","https://openalex.org/W4232663061","https://openalex.org/W4296149199","https://openalex.org/W4298312314","https://openalex.org/W4298387586","https://openalex.org/W4298409848","https://openalex.org/W4299601558","https://openalex.org/W4299699318","https://openalex.org/W4300510712","https://openalex.org/W4300900796","https://openalex.org/W4301407881","https://openalex.org/W4320800894"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2386430105","https://openalex.org/W2356521405","https://openalex.org/W2038534795","https://openalex.org/W2384358604","https://openalex.org/W1567829292","https://openalex.org/W3001063351","https://openalex.org/W3196905815","https://openalex.org/W2351370765","https://openalex.org/W3133811809","https://openalex.org/W2223667180"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Policy":[0],"debates":[1],"in":[2,35,41,91,97,112,120,174],"the":[3,47,65,69,76,84,95,101,169],"U.S.":[4,96],"are":[5,38],"increasingly":[6],"informed":[7],"by":[8,189],"use":[9],"of":[10,49,62,89,104,141,154,157,171,193],"internationally":[11],"generated,":[12],"comparative":[13],"data.":[14],"Many":[15],"arguments":[16,44],"revolve":[17],"around":[18,64],"whether":[19,28],"or":[20,27,159],"not":[21],"such":[22],"comparison":[23],"makes":[24],"\u201ccultural":[25],"sense\u201d":[26],"specific":[29,191],"educational":[30,183],"activities":[31],"that":[32,55,126,138,152,178],"appear":[33],"successful":[34],"one":[36],"nation":[37],"\u201cculturally":[39],"appropriate\u201d":[40],"another.":[42],"These":[43],"clash":[45],"with":[46],"work":[48,115,143,195],"anthropologists":[50],"and":[51,71,87,94,130,167,196],"sociologists":[52],"who":[53],"demonstrate":[54],"global":[56],"cultural":[57,165],"dynamics":[58],"influence":[59],"national":[60,135,155],"patterns":[61],"schooling":[63],"world.":[66],"Using":[67],"both":[68],"survey":[70],"case":[72],"study":[73],"data":[74],"from":[75],"Third":[77],"International":[78],"Math-Science":[79],"Study":[80],"(TIMSS),":[81],"we":[82],"examine":[83],"working":[85,202],"conditions":[86],"beliefs":[88,132],"teachers":[90],"Japan,":[92],"Germany,":[93],"order":[98],"to":[99,199],"assess":[100],"relative":[102],"merits":[103],"competing":[105],"theoretical":[106],"perspectives.":[107],"We":[108,124,150,176],"find":[109,125],"some":[110],"differences":[111,166],"how":[113,198],"teachers\u2019":[114,121,142],"is":[116],"organized,":[117],"but":[118,137],"similarities":[119],"belief":[122],"patterns.":[123],"core":[127],"teaching":[128,161],"practices":[129],"teacher":[131,194],"show":[133,148,151],"little":[134],"variation,":[136],"other":[139],"aspects":[140],"(e.g.,":[144],"non-instructional":[145],"duties)":[146],"do":[147],"variation.":[149],"models":[153],"cultures":[156],"learning":[158],"\u201cnational":[160],"scripts\u201d":[162],"may":[163],"overemphasize":[164],"underestimate":[168],"impact":[170],"institutional":[172],"isomorphism":[173],"schooling.":[175],"argue":[177],"rather":[179],"than":[180],"change":[181],"values,":[182],"policy":[184],"will":[185],"be":[186],"best":[187],"served":[188],"identifying":[190],"features":[192],"analyzing":[197],"improve":[200],"these":[201],"conditions.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
