{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118934731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000466","title":"VARIATION IN SUBJECT PRONOMINAL EXPRESSION IN L2 CHINESE","display_name":"VARIATION IN SUBJECT PRONOMINAL EXPRESSION IN L2 CHINESE","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-09-23","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118934731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000466","mag":"2118934731"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0272263113000466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84027950","display_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","issn_l":"0272-2631","issn":["0272-2631","1470-1545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101500191","display_name":"Xiaoshi Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5990-2779","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5990-2779"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87216513","display_name":"Michigan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hs6h993","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoshi Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Michigan State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Michigan State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101500191"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87216513"],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.3261,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92592416,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"36","issue":"1","first_page":"39","last_page":"68"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.5536999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10021","display_name":"EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning","score":0.5536999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13538","display_name":"Linguistics and Language Analysis","score":0.16329999268054962,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1203","display_name":"Language and Linguistics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/12","display_name":"Arts and Humanities"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.16019999980926514,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subject-pronouns","display_name":"subject pronouns","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null-subjects","display_name":"null subjects","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overt-pronouns","display_name":"overt pronouns","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chinese-as-a-second-language","display_name":"Chinese as a second language","score":0.9380000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/null-subject-parameter","display_name":"null subject parameter","score":0.5730000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociolinguistic-competence","display_name":"sociolinguistic competence","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/first-language-transfer","display_name":"first language transfer","score":0.44600000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-differences","display_name":"gender differences","score":0.4959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/proficiency-level","display_name":"proficiency level","score":0.550000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discourse-types","display_name":"discourse types","score":0.4480000138282776}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2764733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7631398","display_name":"Subject pronoun","level":3,"score":0.88423752784729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778551981","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36224","display_name":"Pronoun","level":2,"score":0.8577706813812256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779835924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146786","display_name":"Plural","level":2,"score":0.7547236680984497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.7533845901489258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777855551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12310021","display_name":"Subject (documents)","level":2,"score":0.6786496043205261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24184978","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q468801","display_name":"Personal pronoun","level":2,"score":0.6614608764648438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6403712630271912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90559484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778379","display_name":"Expression (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.561742901802063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150104678","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q953129","display_name":"Reflexive pronoun","level":2,"score":0.5376777052879333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778334786","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1586270","display_name":"Variation (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.46874386072158813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99361443","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7075064","display_name":"Object pronoun","level":3,"score":0.45533767342567444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.17318344116210938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0646185576915741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0272263113000466","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000466","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0272263113000466","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S84027950","display_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","issn_l":"0272-2631","issn":["0272-2631","1470-1545"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Studies in Second Language Acquisition","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.8600000143051147}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":119,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W40565051","https://openalex.org/W113130591","https://openalex.org/W145195677","https://openalex.org/W146994400","https://openalex.org/W176794815","https://openalex.org/W193544797","https://openalex.org/W250844881","https://openalex.org/W351838559","https://openalex.org/W411134803","https://openalex.org/W433450686","https://openalex.org/W564339726","https://openalex.org/W566119730","https://openalex.org/W579354923","https://openalex.org/W597681942","https://openalex.org/W601425106","https://openalex.org/W602192721","https://openalex.org/W604042858","https://openalex.org/W605412328","https://openalex.org/W631246017","https://openalex.org/W648533007","https://openalex.org/W657482379","https://openalex.org/W1488634330","https://openalex.org/W1492002839","https://openalex.org/W1506034704","https://openalex.org/W1539928571","https://openalex.org/W1542165881","https://openalex.org/W1546645302","https://openalex.org/W1555718133","https://openalex.org/W1559228592","https://openalex.org/W1583246357","https://openalex.org/W1592257954","https://openalex.org/W1602553956","https://openalex.org/W1771106021","https://openalex.org/W1798535660","https://openalex.org/W1895409787","https://openalex.org/W1904655278","https://openalex.org/W1966065389","https://openalex.org/W1967545963","https://openalex.org/W1969872547","https://openalex.org/W1979842054","https://openalex.org/W1982707571","https://openalex.org/W1983692071","https://openalex.org/W1987795017","https://openalex.org/W1988219908","https://openalex.org/W1993100258","https://openalex.org/W1993239501","https://openalex.org/W1994986993","https://openalex.org/W1996610178","https://openalex.org/W2000357815","https://openalex.org/W2001636120","https://openalex.org/W2001776343","https://openalex.org/W2001958080","https://openalex.org/W2010113892","https://openalex.org/W2012283945","https://openalex.org/W2013241705","https://openalex.org/W2035281908","https://openalex.org/W2037721216","https://openalex.org/W2042094962","https://openalex.org/W2048368145","https://openalex.org/W2048591510","https://openalex.org/W2052388633","https://openalex.org/W2054274362","https://openalex.org/W2054584708","https://openalex.org/W2056321066","https://openalex.org/W2056977501","https://openalex.org/W2057192242","https://openalex.org/W2058327808","https://openalex.org/W2062783322","https://openalex.org/W2067232983","https://openalex.org/W2070415181","https://openalex.org/W2073022765","https://openalex.org/W2076663026","https://openalex.org/W2077664652","https://openalex.org/W2081465358","https://openalex.org/W2086944955","https://openalex.org/W2096604524","https://openalex.org/W2097878862","https://openalex.org/W2102345833","https://openalex.org/W2107606258","https://openalex.org/W2112991733","https://openalex.org/W2117908515","https://openalex.org/W2134638545","https://openalex.org/W2141359731","https://openalex.org/W2142522321","https://openalex.org/W2145505989","https://openalex.org/W2146738007","https://openalex.org/W2151997686","https://openalex.org/W2164496512","https://openalex.org/W2164650950","https://openalex.org/W2166290542","https://openalex.org/W2167794130","https://openalex.org/W2169009723","https://openalex.org/W2247303203","https://openalex.org/W2333157717","https://openalex.org/W2477226429","https://openalex.org/W2481261276","https://openalex.org/W2488888082","https://openalex.org/W2497414152","https://openalex.org/W2497516075","https://openalex.org/W2500407391","https://openalex.org/W2505692502","https://openalex.org/W2606556509","https://openalex.org/W2625162023","https://openalex.org/W2756792731","https://openalex.org/W2776435909","https://openalex.org/W2799164369","https://openalex.org/W3085956449","https://openalex.org/W3126470093","https://openalex.org/W4229742165","https://openalex.org/W4235670522","https://openalex.org/W4240626115","https://openalex.org/W4243383518","https://openalex.org/W4255902057","https://openalex.org/W4294042222","https://openalex.org/W4302062653","https://openalex.org/W4388154864","https://openalex.org/W4389386119","https://openalex.org/W6605992966","https://openalex.org/W6903330592"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3174391310","https://openalex.org/W4411677308","https://openalex.org/W2035281908","https://openalex.org/W4389204285","https://openalex.org/W3216384381","https://openalex.org/W2355898676","https://openalex.org/W250844881","https://openalex.org/W4408928405","https://openalex.org/W3151159623","https://openalex.org/W4411408095"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"investigates":[2],"subject":[3,42,103,113,152],"pronominal":[4],"expression":[5],"in":[6,17,41,156],"second":[7],"language":[8,98],"Chinese":[9,157],"and":[10,50,59,71,110],"compares":[11],"learner":[12,122],"usage":[13],"with":[14],"patterns":[15,123],"found":[16],"their":[18,129,165],"first":[19],"language.":[20],"The":[21],"results":[22,119],"show":[23,120],"that":[24,121,138],"(a)":[25],"overt":[26,46,54,65,77,86,143],"pronouns":[27,55,66,78],"are":[28,124],"used":[29],"more":[30,56,79,101],"for":[31],"singular,":[32],"+animate":[33],"subjects":[34],"than":[35,57,80,105],"plural,":[36],"\u2013animate":[37],"ones;":[38],"(b)":[39],"switch":[40],"surface":[43],"form":[44],"favors":[45],"pronouns;":[47,92],"(c)":[48],"English":[49],"Russian":[51],"speakers":[52],"use":[53,76,100,154],"Korean":[58],"Japanese":[60],"speakers;":[61],"(d)":[62],"statements":[63],"favor":[64,85,90],"most,":[67],"followed":[68],"by":[69],"questions":[70],"then":[72],"imperatives;":[73],"(e)":[74],"females":[75],"males;":[81],"(f)":[82],"conversations":[83],"slightly":[84],"pronouns,":[87],"whereas":[88],"narratives":[89],"null":[91,102,116,169],"(g)":[93],"higher":[94],"proficiency":[95,108],"learners":[96,148],"across":[97],"groups":[99],"referents":[104,114],"do":[106],"lower":[107],"learners;":[109],"(h)":[111],"nonspecific":[112],"promote":[115],"subjects.":[117],"Comparison":[118],"similar":[125],"to":[126,141,162],"those":[127],"of":[128],"native":[130],"speaker":[131],"peers":[132],"on":[133],"most":[134],"dimensions":[135],"explored":[136],"except":[137],"they":[139],"tend":[140],"overuse":[142],"pronouns.":[144],"That":[145],"is,":[146],"the":[147,151],"have":[149],"acquired":[150],"pronoun":[153,170],"pattern":[155],"rather":[158],"successfully":[159],"but":[160],"need":[161],"further":[163],"develop":[164],"sociolinguistic":[166],"competence":[167],"regarding":[168],"usage.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
