{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118918539","doi":null,"title":"A TASK DECOMPOSITION MODEL FOR DISPATCHERS IN DYNAMIC SCHEDULING OF DEMAND RESPONSIVE TRANSIT SYSTEMS","display_name":"A TASK DECOMPOSITION MODEL FOR DISPATCHERS IN DYNAMIC SCHEDULING OF DEMAND RESPONSIVE TRANSIT SYSTEMS","publication_year":2000,"publication_date":"2000-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118918539","mag":"2118918539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"mag:2118918539","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ntl.bts.gov/data/num/99-3_DESSOUKY_FINAL_REPORTv3.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108189462","display_name":"Mansour Rahimi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mansour Rahimi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017400963","display_name":"Maged M. Dessouky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-6201","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-6201"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maged Dessouky","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9630-6201","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ioannis Gounaris","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2755-6597","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2755-6597"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Gounaris","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2755-6597","affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034065579","display_name":"Greg Placencia","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Greg Placencia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005981907","display_name":"Merrill Weidner","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Merrill Weidner","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9661,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.80644007,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.7207000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.7207000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.24459999799728394,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13722","display_name":"Ergonomics and Human Factors","score":0.005499999970197678,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3307","display_name":"Human Factors and Ergonomics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demand-responsive-transport","display_name":"demand-responsive transport","score":0.8539999723434448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchical-task-analysis","display_name":"hierarchical task analysis","score":0.8759999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-tree","display_name":"decision tree","score":0.5440000295639038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-computer-interaction","display_name":"human-computer interaction","score":0.6299999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graphical-user-interface-design","display_name":"graphical user interface design","score":0.9049999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-response-time","display_name":"system response time","score":0.44699999690055847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dispatcher-training","display_name":"dispatcher training","score":0.5680000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ada-compliance","display_name":"ADA compliance","score":0.37700000405311584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6347882747650146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777853934","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2564783","display_name":"Paratransit","level":3,"score":0.5962990522384644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.5162996649742126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.46409788727760315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628539","display_name":"Workload","level":2,"score":0.4633365869522095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.44827744364738464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175154964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380077","display_name":"Task analysis","level":3,"score":0.4446380138397217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.41039347648620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.40252673625946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.24094095826148987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.22006094455718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.21518805623054504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.20786061882972717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.18651115894317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.18150675296783447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539828613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178512","display_name":"Public transport","level":2,"score":0.14695727825164795}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"mag:2118918539","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://ntl.bts.gov/data/num/99-3_DESSOUKY_FINAL_REPORTv3.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W6529930","https://openalex.org/W69388495","https://openalex.org/W99513823","https://openalex.org/W1495503152","https://openalex.org/W1528027857","https://openalex.org/W1531538345","https://openalex.org/W1570328283","https://openalex.org/W1605872579","https://openalex.org/W1964674573","https://openalex.org/W2014723599","https://openalex.org/W2034457643","https://openalex.org/W2070841423","https://openalex.org/W2090179842","https://openalex.org/W2106444124","https://openalex.org/W2109340901","https://openalex.org/W2158685692","https://openalex.org/W2163588945","https://openalex.org/W2500367720","https://openalex.org/W3121355388"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2051233455","https://openalex.org/W2582810941","https://openalex.org/W7008059177","https://openalex.org/W7017318726","https://openalex.org/W641691892","https://openalex.org/W2582088666","https://openalex.org/W2087442665","https://openalex.org/W2905880441","https://openalex.org/W7071785752","https://openalex.org/W632886782"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Since":[0],"the":[1,5,39,59,138,154,166,183,220,239,242,269,296,337,348,351],"passage":[2],"of":[3,42,58,140,160,185,207,222,241,271,298,318],"ADA,":[4],"demand":[6],"for":[7,64,81,212,225,228,336],"paratransit":[8,65,77,86,146],"service":[9,87],"is":[10],"steadily":[11],"increasing.":[12],"Paratransit":[13],"companies":[14],"are":[15],"relying":[16],"on":[17],"computer":[18,47],"automation":[19],"to":[20,37,53,100,136,178,193,198,233,333,339,341],"streamline":[21],"dispatch":[22],"operations,":[23],"increase":[24],"productivity":[25],"and":[26,30,62,73,94,149,170,258,281,288,303,309,376],"reduce":[27],"operator":[28],"stress":[29],"error.":[31],"Little":[32],"research":[33,50],"has":[34],"been":[35],"performed":[36],"understand":[38],"task":[40,60,79,105,175,234],"complexity":[41],"dispatchers":[43,167,352],"interacting":[44],"with":[45],"their":[46],"systems.":[48],"This":[49,344],"was":[51,121,133,321,347],"conducted":[52,99],"provide":[54],"an":[55,342],"in-depth":[56],"understanding":[57],"complexities":[61],"requirements":[63],"dispatchers.":[66,230],"To":[67],"achieve":[68],"this,":[69],"we":[70,218,236],"organized,":[71],"modeled,":[72],"analyzed":[74,238],"a":[75,82,103,109,125,145,150,195,250,254,259,299,322],"complete":[76],"dispatching":[78],"sequence":[80,106,139],"Los":[83],"Angeles":[84],"area":[85],"provider.":[88],"Extensive":[89],"field":[90],"observations,":[91],"video":[92],"recordings,":[93],"expert":[95],"dispatcher":[96,148],"interviews":[97],"were":[98,363],"sketch":[101],"out":[102],"dispatcher\u2019s":[104],"model":[107,120,199,224],"during":[108,358],"high":[110],"workload":[111],"period.":[112],"Using":[113],"Hierarchical":[114],"Task":[115],"Analysis":[116],"(HTA),":[117],"this":[118,161,223,247,275,319,356],"skeleton":[119],"further":[122,134,237],"refined":[123],"into":[124],"comprehensive":[126],"decision":[127,204],"hierarchy":[128],"(decision":[129],"tree).":[130],"The":[131,158,202,265,292,314],"HTA":[132,192,208],"extended":[135],"capture":[137],"activities":[141],"between":[142,372],"two":[143],"dispatchers,":[144],"van":[147],"lead":[151],"dispatcher,":[152],"in":[153,246],"same":[155],"operation":[156,248],"room.":[157],"results":[159],"analysis":[162],"have":[163],"shown":[164],"that":[165],"undergo":[168],"intensive":[169],"complex":[171],"cognitive":[172],"processes.":[173],"Their":[174],"performance":[176],"seems":[177],"be":[179,194],"heavily":[180],"influenced":[181],"by":[182],"type":[184],"software":[186,243],"interface":[187,263],"they":[188],"use.":[189],"We":[190],"found":[191],"useful":[196],"tool":[197],"these":[200],"interactions.":[201],"sequential":[203],"tree":[205],"format":[206],"also":[209],"shows":[210],"promise":[211],"training":[213,227],"system":[214,294,325,338,357],"design.":[215,264],"In":[216,231],"particular,":[217],"recommend":[219],"use":[221,355],"part-task":[226],"entry-level":[229],"addition":[232],"modeling,":[235],"design":[240,257,267,276,290,320],"interfaces":[244],"used":[245],"from":[249],"human":[251],"factors":[252],"standpoint:":[253],"DOS-based":[255,266],"screen":[256,289],"Windows-based":[260,293],"graphical":[261],"user":[262],"had":[268,295],"advantage":[270,297],"information":[272,279,312],"simplicity.":[273],"However,":[274],"produced":[277],"long":[278,285,324],"scanning":[280],"navigation":[282],"time,":[283],"potentially":[284],"learning":[286],"curve":[287],"inconsistency.":[291],"more":[300],"natural":[301],"spatial":[302],"iconic":[304],"representation,":[305],"well-designed":[306],"popup":[307],"menus":[308],"cursor":[310],"sensitive":[311],"display.":[313],"most":[315],"significant":[316],"disadvantage":[317],"very":[323],"lag":[326],"time":[327],"(e.g.,":[328],"it":[329],"sometimes":[330],"took":[331],"up":[332],"30":[334],"seconds":[335],"respond":[340],"input).":[343],"problem":[345],"alone":[346],"reason":[349],"why":[350],"did":[353],"not":[354],"highdemand":[359],"periods.":[360],"Other":[361],"disadvantages":[362],"high-density":[364],"clutter":[365],"at":[366],"low":[367],"zoom":[368],"level,":[369],"layout":[370],"inconsistency":[371],"zooms,":[373],"inappropriate":[374],"color-coding":[375],"no":[377],"direct":[378],"(active)":[379],"driver":[380]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-03T10:50:19.383937","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
