{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2118905643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","title":"New Constant Electrical Power Soft-Stalling Control for Small-Scale VAWTs","display_name":"New Constant Electrical Power Soft-Stalling Control for Small-Scale VAWTs","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-04-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2118905643","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","mag":"2118905643"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64770346","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion","issn_l":"0885-8969","issn":["0885-8969","1558-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073980429","display_name":"Ashraf Ahmed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-8834","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-8834"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf Ahmed","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Science Laboratories, Durham University, Durham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Science Laboratories, Durham University, Durham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100428090","display_name":"Li Ran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9626-6799","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9626-6799"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Li Ran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electric Power and Control, School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Science Laboratories, Durham University, Durham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electric Power and Control, School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Science Laboratories, Durham University, Durham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111861249","display_name":"J.R. Bumby","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I190082696","display_name":"Durham University","ror":"https://ror.org/01v29qb04","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim R. Bumby","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Science Laboratories, Durham University, Durham, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Computing Sciences, Science Laboratories, Durham University, Durham, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I190082696"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.0345,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":56,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93660271,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"4","first_page":"1152","last_page":"1161"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10740","display_name":"Wind Turbine Control Systems","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10740","display_name":"Wind Turbine Control Systems","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10680","display_name":"Wind Energy Research and Development","score":0.005400000140070915,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10468","display_name":"Photovoltaic System Optimization Techniques","score":0.0006000000284984708,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2105","display_name":"Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vertical-axis-wind-turbine","display_name":"vertical axis wind turbine","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant-power-control","display_name":"constant power control","score":0.8519999980926514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/small-wind-turbines","display_name":"small wind turbines","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/permanent-magnet-synchronous-generator","display_name":"permanent magnet synchronous generator","score":0.9580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overspeed-protection","display_name":"overspeed protection","score":0.7699999809265137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/maximum-power-point-tracking","display_name":"maximum power point tracking","score":0.8659999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-smoothing","display_name":"power smoothing","score":0.734000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system-stabilization","display_name":"nonlinear system stabilization","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-wind-energy","display_name":"urban wind energy","score":0.5870000123977661}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.8157525062561035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778449969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130760","display_name":"Turbine","level":2,"score":0.6498926877975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36139824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052007","display_name":"Maximum power point tracking","level":4,"score":0.6104995012283325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78600449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43302","display_name":"Wind power","level":2,"score":0.5189014077186584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201320609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3274420","display_name":"Permanent magnet synchronous generator","level":3,"score":0.5058848261833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116615679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795908","display_name":"Maximum power principle","level":3,"score":0.4239542782306671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.40975791215896606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.37522614002227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3419109582901001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11190779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q664575","display_name":"Inverter","level":3,"score":0.15859156847000122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.12917208671569824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.12621378898620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tec.2010.2043737","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S64770346","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion","issn_l":"0885-8969","issn":["0885-8969","1558-0059"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.878000020980835},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.4943999946117401}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7400000095367432}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485589694","https://openalex.org/W1508270645","https://openalex.org/W1551234509","https://openalex.org/W1560151790","https://openalex.org/W1797178173","https://openalex.org/W1985835859","https://openalex.org/W2095772137","https://openalex.org/W2100248299","https://openalex.org/W2100927013","https://openalex.org/W2101679959","https://openalex.org/W2102086220","https://openalex.org/W2107377328","https://openalex.org/W2110513778","https://openalex.org/W2111426719","https://openalex.org/W2115356141","https://openalex.org/W2118264798","https://openalex.org/W2134929070","https://openalex.org/W2141974142","https://openalex.org/W2142099769","https://openalex.org/W2145789942","https://openalex.org/W2146993109","https://openalex.org/W2160161231","https://openalex.org/W2162448500","https://openalex.org/W2163482259","https://openalex.org/W2167367636","https://openalex.org/W2781829095","https://openalex.org/W4233022866"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2005140156","https://openalex.org/W2315144850","https://openalex.org/W2766644909","https://openalex.org/W7152713700","https://openalex.org/W7131856570","https://openalex.org/W2745152393","https://openalex.org/W1965470386","https://openalex.org/W3140528516","https://openalex.org/W2709523690","https://openalex.org/W2018318302"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,67,91],"paper":[1,68],"presents":[2],"a":[3,10,17],"constant":[4],"power":[5,80,103,156],"soft-stall":[6],"control":[7,72,92,160],"scheme":[8],"for":[9],"vertical-axis":[11],"wind":[12,31,65,127],"turbine":[13,45,86,130],"(VAWT)":[14],"fitted":[15],"with":[16,54],"permanent":[18,151],"magnet":[19,152],"generator.":[20,154],"Small-scale":[21],"VAWTs":[22,55],"are":[23,170],"attractive":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,29,47,57,83,149],"their":[27],"ability":[28],"capture":[30],"from":[32],"different":[33],"directions":[34],"without":[35],"using":[36,116],"yaw;":[37],"this":[38],"simplifies":[39],"the":[40,44,78,85,88,95,98,102,109,113,136,142,146,150],"design":[41],"and":[42,60,138,167],"gives":[43],"tolerance":[46],"turbulence":[48],"in":[49,81,87,97,163],"urban":[50],"areas.":[51],"One":[52],"difficulty":[53],"is":[56,106,133,161],"prevent":[58],"overspeeding":[59],"component":[61],"overloading":[62],"at":[63],"excessive":[64],"velocities.":[66],"suggests":[69],"that":[70,108],"necessary":[71],"can":[73,111],"be":[74],"achieved":[75],"by":[76],"controlling":[77],"electric":[79],"order":[82],"operate":[84],"stall":[89],"region.":[90],"strategy":[93],"attenuates":[94],"stress":[96],"system,":[99],"while":[100],"smoothing":[101],"generated.":[104],"It":[105],"shown":[107],"controller":[110,123],"stabilize":[112],"nonlinear":[114],"system":[115],"an":[117],"adaptive":[118],"current":[119,137],"feedback":[120],"loop.":[121],"The":[122],"does":[124],"not":[125],"need":[126],"velocity":[128],"or":[129],"speed,":[131],"but":[132],"based":[134],"on":[135,141],"voltage":[139],"measured":[140],"dc":[143],"side":[144],"of":[145],"rectifier":[147],"connected":[148],"synchronous":[153],"Maximum":[155],"point":[157],"tracking":[158],"(MPPT)":[159],"provided":[162],"normal":[164],"operation.":[165],"Simulation":[166],"experimental":[168],"results":[169],"presented.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-10-17T09:40:24.721904","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}