{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117842897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2004.838064","title":"Sensor Position Estimation and Source Ranging in a Shallow Water Environment","display_name":"Sensor Position Estimation and Source Ranging in a Shallow Water Environment","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117842897","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2004.838064","mag":"2117842897"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/joe.2004.838064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2004.838064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2004.838064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132957497","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","issn_l":"0364-9059","issn":["0364-9059","1558-1691","2373-7786"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111927886","display_name":"B.G. Ferguson","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B.G. Ferguson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Operations Division (Sydney), Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","Maritime Operations Div., Defence Sci. & Technol. Organ., Pyrmont, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Operations Division (Sydney), Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Operations Div., Defence Sci. & Technol. Organ., Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111930884","display_name":"K.W. Lo","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.W. Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Operations Division (Sydney), Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","Maritime Operations Div., Defence Sci. & Technol. Organ., Pyrmont, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Operations Division (Sydney), Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Operations Div., Defence Sci. & Technol. Organ., Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041075581","display_name":"Ranjit Arulnayagam Thuraisingham","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9373-565X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9373-565X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1303474014","display_name":"Defence Science and Technology Group","ror":"https://ror.org/05ddrvt52","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I3139952251"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.A. Thuraisingham","raw_affiliation_strings":["Maritime Operations Division (Sydney), Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","Maritime Operations Div., Defence Sci. & Technol. Organ., Pyrmont, NSW, Australia"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Operations Division (Sydney), Defence Science and Technology Organisation, Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Maritime Operations Div., Defence Sci. & Technol. Organ., Pyrmont, NSW, Australia","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1303474014"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2908,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":24,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83992095,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"30","issue":"2","first_page":"327","last_page":"337"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.7202000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10931","display_name":"Direction-of-Arrival Estimation Techniques","score":0.7202000021934509,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11698","display_name":"Underwater Acoustics Research","score":0.13920000195503235,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11192","display_name":"Underwater Vehicles and Communication Systems","score":0.13109999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shallow-water-acoustics","display_name":"shallow water acoustics","score":0.8119999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/line-arrays","display_name":"line arrays","score":0.42800000309944153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arrival-time","display_name":"time of arrival","score":0.5799999833106995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multipath-delay","display_name":"multipath delay","score":0.7770000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.67694491147995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.5394497513771057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165699331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461533","display_name":"Wavefront","level":2,"score":0.5090586543083191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66251956","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451086","display_name":"Sensor array","level":2,"score":0.5012698173522949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78336883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4779385","display_name":"Aperture (computer memory)","level":2,"score":0.48673418164253235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775980084","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Planar array","level":2,"score":0.47303006052970886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161218011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11827794","display_name":"Multipath propagation","level":3,"score":0.47022008895874023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98083399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3246517","display_name":"Underwater","level":2,"score":0.46541595458984375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555745239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133220","display_name":"Sonar","level":2,"score":0.4653625786304474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.460062175989151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.41188478469848633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3565383553504944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.35172367095947266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3224363923072815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.22809121012687683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.14403629302978516},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1075948178768158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/joe.2004.838064","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2004.838064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/joe.2004.838064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S132957497","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","issn_l":"0364-9059","issn":["0364-9059","1558-1691","2373-7786"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-1","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Oceanic Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320719","display_name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","ror":"https://ror.org/0101xrq71"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59009386","https://openalex.org/W125220207","https://openalex.org/W1563527684","https://openalex.org/W1979482739","https://openalex.org/W1992681803","https://openalex.org/W2004385997","https://openalex.org/W2023004272","https://openalex.org/W2023946490","https://openalex.org/W2038053115","https://openalex.org/W2051579371","https://openalex.org/W2053795024","https://openalex.org/W2073729956","https://openalex.org/W2122635992","https://openalex.org/W2148886336","https://openalex.org/W2297792637","https://openalex.org/W4239957066","https://openalex.org/W4243516651"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046271784","https://openalex.org/W3155076908","https://openalex.org/W2073776497","https://openalex.org/W2153740618","https://openalex.org/W1983066339","https://openalex.org/W1998935594","https://openalex.org/W2080517778","https://openalex.org/W2603616385","https://openalex.org/W2028822736","https://openalex.org/W2404934783"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Underwater":[0],"acoustic":[1,26],"transient":[2],"signals":[3,14,205],"are":[4,15,34,182,216,234,288],"generated":[5],"mechanically":[6],"at":[7,139,206,227],"known":[8],"positions":[9,29,43,72,76,129,157],"along":[10],"a":[11,18,84,91,132,140,293],"wharf.":[12],"These":[13,231],"received":[16],"by":[17],"wide":[19,212],"aperture":[20,86,213],"planar":[21],"array":[22,101,109,161,215],"of":[23,44,69,77,94,106,115,135,142,147,158,165,174,198,210,223,242,249,257,263,276,296],"four":[24],"underwater":[25],"sensors,":[27,81],"whose":[28],"relative":[30],"to":[31,47,130,236,291,308],"the":[32,42,45,61,65,70,74,78,95,99,107,118,125,148,154,159,169,175,185,192,195,199,207,211,219,224,228,238,243,246,250,258,261,264,274,277,297,301,305],"wharf":[33],"unknown.":[35],"A":[36,67],"method":[37,121,151],"is":[38,122,254,267],"described":[39],"that":[40],"enables":[41],"sensors":[46],"be":[48,309],"estimated":[49,71,155,217],"from":[50,98],"accurate":[51],"differential":[52,220],"time-of-arrival":[53],"measurements":[54],"(with":[55],"0.1":[56],"/spl":[57],"mu/s":[58],"precision)":[59],"as":[60],"signal":[62,226],"wavefronts":[63],"traverse":[64],"array.":[66],"comparison":[68],"with":[73,124,153,273],"nominal":[75,126],"first":[79],"three":[80],"which":[82],"form":[83],"20-m-wide":[85],"horizontal":[87],"line":[88,100,108,160,214],"array,":[89],"reveals":[90],"2-cm":[92],"displacement":[93],"middle":[96,208],"sensor":[97,128,156,209,229],"axis.":[102],"This":[103],"slight":[104],"bowing":[105],"results":[110,275],"in":[111,168,194,300],"overranging":[112],"(bias":[113],"error":[114],"3%)":[116],"when":[117,184,271],"wavefront":[119,281],"curvature":[120,282],"used":[123,235],"collinear":[127],"locate":[131],"static":[133],"source":[134],"active":[136],"sonar":[137],"transmissions":[138],"range":[141,170,239,252,265],"59.2":[143],"m.":[144],"The":[145,284],"use":[146],"spherical":[149,278],"intersection":[150,279],"coupled":[152],"provides":[162],"an":[163],"order":[164],"magnitude":[166],"improvement":[167],"estimate":[171,237,295],"(within":[172],"0.3%":[173],"actual":[176,259],"value).":[177],"However,":[178],"systematic":[179],"ranging":[180],"errors":[181],"observed":[183],"sound":[186],"propagation":[187],"medium":[188],"becomes":[189],"nonstationary.":[190],"Next,":[191],"differences":[193],"arrival":[196],"times":[197,269],"direct":[200],"path":[201,204],"and":[202,240,280],"boundary-reflected":[203],"using":[218],"phase":[221],"residue":[222],"analytic":[225],"output.":[230],"multipath":[232,251,285],"delays":[233],"depth":[241,303],"source.":[244],"Although":[245],"average":[247],"value":[248],"estimates":[253,266],"within":[255],"0.5%":[256],"value,":[260],"variance":[262],"50":[268],"larger":[270],"compared":[272],"methods.":[283],"delay":[286],"data":[287],"also":[289],"processed":[290],"provide":[292],"reliable":[294],"temporal":[298],"variation":[299,307],"water":[302],"enabling":[304],"tidal":[306],"observed.":[310]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-14T16:39:01.820549","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}