{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117616342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","title":"Pentoxifylline Improves Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Erythropoietin-resistant Anemia in Renal Failure","display_name":"Pentoxifylline Improves Hemoglobin Levels in Patients with Erythropoietin-resistant Anemia in Renal Failure","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117616342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","mag":"2117616342","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15213276"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115693375","display_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","issn_l":"1046-6673","issn":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315620","host_organization_name":"American Society of Nephrology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Nephrology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111979200","display_name":"Angela C. Cooper","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153400","display_name":"King's College Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/044nptt90","country_code":"GB","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111135","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Angela Cooper","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Renal Medicine, GKT School of Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Renal Medicine, GKT School of Medicine, King's College Hospital, London, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753","https://openalex.org/I4210153400"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102936283","display_name":"Ashraf I. Mikhail","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-5000","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1668-5000"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashraf Mikhail","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025222377","display_name":"Mark W. Lethbridge","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark W. Lethbridge","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011069259","display_name":"David Michael Kemeny","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","display_name":"King's College London","ror":"https://ror.org/0220mzb33","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Michael Kemeny","raw_affiliation_strings":["King \u2018s College London"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King \u2018s College London","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101543123","display_name":"Iain C. Macdougall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9804-0657","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9804-0657"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Iain C. Macdougall","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6258,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":95,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93034708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":87,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"7","first_page":"1877","last_page":"1882"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11534","display_name":"Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11534","display_name":"Erythropoietin and Anemia Treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10452","display_name":"Iron Metabolism and Disorders","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2720","display_name":"Hematology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12255","display_name":"Biosimilars and Bioanalytical Methods","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2403","display_name":"Immunology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/24","display_name":"Immunology and Microbiology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pentoxifylline","display_name":"pentoxifylline","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/erythropoietin-resistance","display_name":"erythropoietin resistance","score":0.8489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anemia-of-chronic-kidney-disease","display_name":"anemia of chronic kidney disease","score":0.847000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-stage-renal-disease","display_name":"end-stage renal disease","score":0.9210000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hemoglobin-response","display_name":"hemoglobin response","score":0.8579999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/recombinant-human-erythropoietin","display_name":"recombinant human erythropoietin","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tnf-alpha","display_name":"TNF-\u03b1","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferon-gamma","display_name":"interferon-gamma","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pro-inflammatory-cytokines","display_name":"inflammatory cytokines","score":0.9020000100135803}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780404050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416331","display_name":"Pentoxifylline","level":2,"score":0.9557415246963501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.8594733476638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778534260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q218706","display_name":"Erythropoietin","level":2,"score":0.8366631269454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778248108","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5445","display_name":"Anemia","level":2,"score":0.7267401218414307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778917026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43041","display_name":"Hemoglobin","level":2,"score":0.7129587531089783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.6274789571762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.5113089084625244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778690821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212354","display_name":"Cytokine","level":2,"score":0.49906253814697266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26291073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q310484","display_name":"Ex vivo","level":3,"score":0.4789291322231293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164027704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3491837","display_name":"Proinflammatory cytokine","level":3,"score":0.4409342110157013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17991360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21173843","display_name":"Tumor necrosis factor alpha","level":2,"score":0.4288684129714966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.3746374249458313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.326665461063385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207001950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141124","display_name":"In vivo","level":2,"score":0.28926992416381836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.07217901945114136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06143882870674133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150903083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7108","display_name":"Biotechnology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000368","descriptor_name":"Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000740","descriptor_name":"Anemia","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004305","descriptor_name":"Dose-Response Relationship, Drug","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004351","descriptor_name":"Drug Resistance","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004921","descriptor_name":"Erythropoietin","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005434","descriptor_name":"Flow Cytometry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006454","descriptor_name":"Hemoglobins","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006454","descriptor_name":"Hemoglobins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007371","descriptor_name":"Interferon-gamma","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007963","descriptor_name":"Leukocytes, Mononuclear","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010431","descriptor_name":"Pentoxifylline","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D011994","descriptor_name":"Recombinant Proteins","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013601","descriptor_name":"T-Lymphocytes","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014409","descriptor_name":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016166","descriptor_name":"Free Radical Scavengers","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000096","qualifier_name":"biosynthesis","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016207","descriptor_name":"Cytokines","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016896","descriptor_name":"Treatment Outcome","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D051437","descriptor_name":"Renal Insufficiency","qualifier_ui":"Q000150","qualifier_name":"complications","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1097/01.asn.0000131523.17045.56","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S115693375","display_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","issn_l":"1046-6673","issn":["1046-6673","1533-3450"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-a","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-3","medline","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310315620","host_organization_name":"American Society of Nephrology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310315620"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["American Society of Nephrology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:15213276","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15213276","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:kclpure.kcl.ac.uk:publications/12addc81-3632-4cc7-8816-01a0ddf87cf7","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/publications/12addc81-3632-4cc7-8816-01a0ddf87cf7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400216","display_name":"Research Portal (King's College London)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I183935753","host_organization_name":"King's College London","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183935753"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Cooper, A, Mikhail, A, Lethbridge, M W, Kemeny, D M & Macdougall, I C 2004, 'Pentoxifylline improves hemoglobin levels in patients with erythropoietin-resistant anemia in renal failure', Journal of the American Society of Nephrology, vol. 15, no. 7, pp. 1877 - 1882. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ASN.0000131523.17045.56","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":1.0,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"}],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial","display_name":"Clinical Trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W105533834","https://openalex.org/W795227272","https://openalex.org/W1502048985","https://openalex.org/W1607628755","https://openalex.org/W1991683151","https://openalex.org/W1999889125","https://openalex.org/W2006431355","https://openalex.org/W2010753554","https://openalex.org/W2010967452","https://openalex.org/W2013756895","https://openalex.org/W2013829686","https://openalex.org/W2016072047","https://openalex.org/W2019878714","https://openalex.org/W2024200133","https://openalex.org/W2026397593","https://openalex.org/W2033631884","https://openalex.org/W2036562409","https://openalex.org/W2038794532","https://openalex.org/W2044609244","https://openalex.org/W2055669282","https://openalex.org/W2059490409","https://openalex.org/W2065584304","https://openalex.org/W2120906246","https://openalex.org/W2133326256","https://openalex.org/W2150664442","https://openalex.org/W2166420125","https://openalex.org/W2170851607","https://openalex.org/W2228883315","https://openalex.org/W2229802783","https://openalex.org/W2320494548","https://openalex.org/W4255530015","https://openalex.org/W4406061270","https://openalex.org/W7128496648"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058851478","https://openalex.org/W2133256067","https://openalex.org/W2557541889","https://openalex.org/W7120345636","https://openalex.org/W1964069656","https://openalex.org/W4382583943","https://openalex.org/W2156457843","https://openalex.org/W1980970340","https://openalex.org/W2321903818","https://openalex.org/W4404066159"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"It":[0],"was":[1,79,108],"hypothesized":[2],"that":[3],"pentoxifylline":[4,54,117],"might":[5],"improve":[6,173],"the":[7,77,98,102,119,174,200],"response":[8,176],"to":[9,85,124,145,162,190],"recombinant":[10],"human":[11],"erythropoietin":[12],"(rh-Epo)":[13],"in":[14,177,183],"anemic":[15],"renal":[16,184],"failure":[17],"patients.":[18],"Sixteen":[19],"patients":[20,78,96,178],"with":[21,52,179,199],"ESRD":[22],"and":[23,38,72,83],"rh-Epo-resistant":[24,181],"anemia,":[25],"defined":[26],"by":[27],"a":[28,39],"hemoglobin":[29,106,121,175],"of":[30,42,66,92,94,116,138,192,202],"<10.7":[31],"g/dl":[32,128],"for":[33,58],"6":[34,84],"mo":[35,115],"before":[36,81],"treatment":[37,82],"rh-Epo":[40],"dose":[41],">":[43],"or":[44],"=12,000":[45],"IU/wk,":[46],"were":[47,50],"recruited.":[48],"They":[49],"treated":[51],"oral":[53],"400":[55],"mg":[56],"o.d.":[57],"4":[59,114],"mo.":[60],"Ex":[61],"vivo":[62,134],"T":[63,135],"cell":[64,136],"generation":[65],"tumor":[67],"necrosis":[68],"factor":[69],"alpha":[70],"(TNF-alpha)":[71],"interferon":[73],"gamma":[74],"(IFN-gamma)":[75],"from":[76,141,158],"assessed":[80],"8":[86],"wk":[87],"after":[88,152],"therapy.":[89,153],"A":[90],"total":[91],"12":[93,103],"16":[95],"completed":[97],"study.":[99],"Before":[100],"therapy,":[101],"patients'":[104],"mean":[105,120],"concentration":[107,122],"9.5":[109],"+/-":[110,126,143,147,160,164],"0.9":[111],"g/dl.":[112],"After":[113],"treatment,":[118],"increased":[123],"11.7":[125],"1.0":[127],"(P":[129,149,166],"=":[130,150,167],"0.0001).":[131],"Baseline":[132],"ex":[133],"expression":[137,156],"TNF-alpha":[139],"decreased":[140,157],"58%":[142],"11%":[144],"31%":[146,159],"23%":[148],"0.0007)":[151],"Likewise,":[154],"IFN-gamma":[155],"10%":[161,165],"13%":[163],"0.0002).":[168],"Pentoxifylline":[169],"therapy":[170],"may":[171,187],"significantly":[172],"previously":[180],"anemia":[182],"failure.":[185],"This":[186],"occur":[188],"due":[189],"inhibition":[191],"proinflammatory":[193],"cytokine":[194],"production,":[195],"which":[196],"could":[197],"interfere":[198],"effectiveness":[201],"rh-Epo.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
