{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2117222014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","title":"Verbal-pictorial Recoding in the Elderly","display_name":"Verbal-pictorial Recoding in the Elderly","publication_year":1976,"publication_date":"1976-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2117222014","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","mag":"2117222014","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1270776"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735781901","display_name":"Journal of Gerontology","issn_l":"0022-1422","issn":["0022-1422","2331-3323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Gerontology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057816305","display_name":"Robert D. Nebes","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170897317","display_name":"Duke University","ror":"https://ror.org/00py81415","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170897317"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126298","display_name":"Duke Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/03njmea73","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126298","https://openalex.org/I4210144876"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"R. D. Nebes","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for the Study of Aging & Human Development, Duke Univ. Medical CenterBox 2980, Durham, NC 27710"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for the Study of Aging & Human Development, Duke Univ. Medical CenterBox 2980, Durham, NC 27710","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5057816305"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170897317","https://openalex.org/I4210126298"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6541,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84232365,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"31","issue":"4","first_page":"421","last_page":"427"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.39890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11265","display_name":"Aging and Gerontology Research","score":0.39890000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3206","display_name":"Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10918","display_name":"Memory Processes and Influences","score":0.29980000853538513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13471","display_name":"Cognitive Functions and Memory","score":0.18520000576972961,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3205","display_name":"Experimental and Cognitive Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aging","display_name":"aging","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/verbal-memory","display_name":"verbal memory","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/older-adults","display_name":"older adults","score":0.5580000281333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reaction-time","display_name":"reaction time","score":0.7360000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pictorial-representation","display_name":"pictorial representation","score":0.6159999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/age-differences-in-memory","display_name":"age differences in memory","score":0.48500001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6031413674354553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165064840","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321061","display_name":"Matching (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5182988047599792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179420905","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223871","display_name":"Mediation","level":2,"score":0.44556725025177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986834420","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5932254","display_name":"Age groups","level":2,"score":0.4274730384349823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145633318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207125","display_name":"Nonverbal communication","level":2,"score":0.4157434403896332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777601897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3409113","display_name":"Presentation (obstetrics)","level":2,"score":0.4139633774757385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.38097327947616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.37283632159233093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C548259974","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q569965","display_name":"Audiology","level":1,"score":0.34570491313934326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1484031081199646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.11215239763259888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126838900","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77604","display_name":"Radiology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000293","descriptor_name":"Adolescent","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000328","descriptor_name":"Adult","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000375","descriptor_name":"Aging","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005556","descriptor_name":"Form Perception","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008568","descriptor_name":"Memory","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008875","descriptor_name":"Middle Aged","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013997","descriptor_name":"Time Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014705","descriptor_name":"Verbal Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronj/31.4.421","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2735781901","display_name":"Journal of Gerontology","issn_l":"0022-1422","issn":["0022-1422","2331-3323"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311648","host_organization_name":"Oxford University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311648","https://openalex.org/P4310311647"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Oxford University Press","University of Oxford"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Gerontology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:1270776","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1270776","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of gerontology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2040983493","https://openalex.org/W1963501270","https://openalex.org/W2007274967","https://openalex.org/W1998946359","https://openalex.org/W1985919365","https://openalex.org/W2007380707","https://openalex.org/W2321598740","https://openalex.org/W1989959914","https://openalex.org/W2024360401","https://openalex.org/W1973643348"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Older":[0],"individuals":[1],"have":[2],"been":[3],"reported":[4],"to":[5,24,57,71,149],"use":[6],"imagery":[7],"mediation":[8],"less":[9],"often":[10],"than":[11,89],"the":[12,30,41,63,72,87,113,116,121,137,142,151],"young":[13,50,73],"in":[14,29,74,102],"remembering":[15],"verbal":[16,34,55],"material.":[17],"To":[18],"determine":[19],"whether":[20,79],"this":[21],"is":[22],"due":[23],"a":[25,92,96,99,154],"decrease":[26],"with":[27,32],"age":[28,104],"speed":[31],"which":[33],"stimuli":[35,131],"are":[36],"recoded":[37],"into":[38,153],"pictorial":[39,155],"representations,":[40],"reaction":[42],"time":[43,148],"of":[44,95,115,120],"12":[45,49],"old":[46,138],"(63-78)":[47],"and":[48,98,118],"(17-25)":[51],"subjects":[52],"for":[53,136],"matching":[54,123],"description":[56,94,117,152],"geometric":[58],"shapes":[59,85],"was":[60,146],"measured.":[61],"While":[62],"elderly":[64],"were":[65,69,86,91,125,132],"generally":[66],"slower,":[67],"they":[68,90],"identical":[70],"being":[75],"faster":[76],"at":[77],"determining":[78],"or":[80,108],"not":[81],"two":[82],"simultaneously":[83],"presented":[84],"same":[88],"printed":[93],"shape":[97],"shape.":[100],"Also,":[101],"both":[103,130],"groups,":[105],"when":[106,129],"1":[107,144],"more":[109],"sec":[110,145],"elapsed":[111],"between":[112],"presentation":[114],"that":[119],"shape,":[122],"times":[124],"as":[126,128,139,141],"quick":[127],"shapes,":[133],"suggesting":[134],"that,":[135],"well":[140],"young,":[143],"sufficient":[147],"recode":[150],"form.":[156]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
