{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116972999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","title":"Reforming Medicare Payment: Early Effects of the 1997 Balanced Budget Act on Postacute Care","display_name":"Reforming Medicare Payment: Early Effects of the 1997 Balanced Budget Act on Postacute Care","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116972999","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","mag":"2116972999","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12841051","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2690212"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1650206","display_name":"Milbank Quarterly","issn_l":"0887-378X","issn":["0887-378X","1468-0009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-3","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Milbank Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018094436","display_name":"Nelda McCall","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"NELDA McCALL","raw_affiliation_strings":["LagunaR@aol.com"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LagunaR@aol.com","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031513191","display_name":"Jodi Korb","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119644","display_name":"Laguna Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02jddhc12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"JODI KORB","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laguna Research Associates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laguna Research Associates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002495544","display_name":"Andrew Petersons","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119644","display_name":"Laguna Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02jddhc12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"ANDREW PETERSONS","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laguna Research Associates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laguna Research Associates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029654793","display_name":"Stanley M. Moore","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119644","display_name":"Laguna Research","ror":"https://ror.org/02jddhc12","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210119644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"STANLEY MOORE","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laguna Research Associates"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laguna Research Associates","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018094436"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":14.4318,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":78,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98578738,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"81","issue":"2","first_page":"277","last_page":"303"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10391","display_name":"Healthcare Policy and Management","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11376","display_name":"Geriatric Care and Nursing Homes","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3600","display_name":"General Health Professions"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11531","display_name":"Healthcare Systems and Reforms","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2003","display_name":"Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicare-payment-reform","display_name":"Medicare payment reform","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/post-acute-care","display_name":"post-acute care","score":0.9879999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/home-health-services","display_name":"home health services","score":0.8330000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rehabilitation-hospital","display_name":"rehabilitation hospital","score":0.6069999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/long-term-care-hospitals","display_name":"long-term care hospitals","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagnosis-related-groups","display_name":"diagnosis-related groups","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospital-discharge","display_name":"hospital discharge","score":0.8320000171661377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care-utilization","display_name":"health care utilization","score":0.5640000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reimbursement-policy","display_name":"reimbursement policy","score":0.6549999713897705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-care","display_name":"quality of care","score":0.7279999852180481}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145097563","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148747","display_name":"Payment","level":2,"score":0.8172138929367065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.7348361015319824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6251187920570374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779931205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1566674","display_name":"Balanced budget","level":3,"score":0.590726375579834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018838755","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Medical care","level":2,"score":0.5422840714454651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910449239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q559392","display_name":"Medicare Part B","level":3,"score":0.5375321507453918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781385661","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677918","display_name":"Acute care","level":3,"score":0.500685453414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776983043","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q986008","display_name":"Payment system","level":3,"score":0.48722735047340393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779245251","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7250835","display_name":"Prospective payment system","level":3,"score":0.46935778856277466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162118730","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128453","display_name":"Actuarial science","level":1,"score":0.45077183842658997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778198094","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1208158","display_name":"Diagnosis-related group","level":3,"score":0.41026726365089417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.3118157982826233},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.28760838508605957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.2220851480960846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.2201753854751587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16086941957473755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.09363046288490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.06663569808006287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D002017","descriptor_name":"Budgets","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006278","descriptor_name":"Medicare","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006291","descriptor_name":"Health Policy","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006699","descriptor_name":"Home Care Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006699","descriptor_name":"Home Care Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006765","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Convalescent","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006765","descriptor_name":"Hospitals, Convalescent","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010043","descriptor_name":"Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010359","descriptor_name":"Patient Readmission","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011445","descriptor_name":"Prospective Payment System","qualifier_ui":"Q000331","qualifier_name":"legislation & jurisprudence","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012047","descriptor_name":"Rehabilitation Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012047","descriptor_name":"Rehabilitation Centers","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014481","descriptor_name":"United States","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016015","descriptor_name":"Logistic Models","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019467","descriptor_name":"Subacute Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000191","qualifier_name":"economics","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019467","descriptor_name":"Subacute Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019467","descriptor_name":"Subacute Care","qualifier_ui":"Q000706","qualifier_name":"statistics & numerical data","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D019538","descriptor_name":"Health Care Surveys","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1650206","display_name":"Milbank Quarterly","issn_l":"0887-378X","issn":["0887-378X","1468-0009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-3","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Milbank Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:europepmc.org:2489542","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2690212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400806","display_name":"Europe PMC (PubMed Central)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1303153112","host_organization_name":"European Bioinformatics Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1303153112"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2690212","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/2690212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Milbank Q","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:12841051","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12841051","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Milbank quarterly","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","pdf_url":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/1468-0009.t01-1-00054","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S1650206","display_name":"Milbank Quarterly","issn_l":"0887-378X","issn":["0887-378X","1468-0009"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-b","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","fnege-3","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"The Milbank Quarterly","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.9391000270843506}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4699999988079071}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Observational Study","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306139","display_name":"Robert Wood Johnson Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/02ymmdj85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332205","display_name":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services","ror":"https://ror.org/02g02rq35"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2116972999.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2116972999.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W20231019","https://openalex.org/W69556849","https://openalex.org/W75586981","https://openalex.org/W89345758","https://openalex.org/W146630724","https://openalex.org/W150061454","https://openalex.org/W157032984","https://openalex.org/W291431442","https://openalex.org/W335097956","https://openalex.org/W631648576","https://openalex.org/W647333560","https://openalex.org/W1525077094","https://openalex.org/W1527573075","https://openalex.org/W1868082766","https://openalex.org/W1980888450","https://openalex.org/W2003513035","https://openalex.org/W2017993392","https://openalex.org/W2064538429","https://openalex.org/W2071483515","https://openalex.org/W2078634515","https://openalex.org/W2081481597","https://openalex.org/W2127950156","https://openalex.org/W2148045542","https://openalex.org/W2148386388","https://openalex.org/W2278016918","https://openalex.org/W2283636536","https://openalex.org/W2415013806","https://openalex.org/W2505375657","https://openalex.org/W3149005762","https://openalex.org/W4233402534","https://openalex.org/W4239459800","https://openalex.org/W4245264882","https://openalex.org/W7073750661"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W187449872","https://openalex.org/W69556849","https://openalex.org/W2076889026","https://openalex.org/W2417249254","https://openalex.org/W7099718932","https://openalex.org/W2045415886","https://openalex.org/W2073525505","https://openalex.org/W2101479370","https://openalex.org/W2417782950","https://openalex.org/W11550347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"1997":[1],"Balanced":[2],"Budget":[3],"Act":[4],"(BBA)":[5],"reformed":[6],"payment":[7],"for":[8,27,30],"Medicare":[9],"postacute":[10,15,37,48,63],"services.":[11],"This":[12],"article":[13],"examines":[14],"care":[16,73],"use":[17,36,52,68,96,100],"just":[18],"before":[19],"and":[20,59,65,71,107],"immediately":[21],"after":[22,60],"implementation":[23],"of":[24,53,69,111],"the":[25,109],"BBA":[26],"hospital":[28],"discharges":[29],"five":[31],"diagnosis-related":[32],"groups":[33],"that":[34,91,98,108],"commonly":[35],"care.":[38],"Changes":[39],"in":[40,79],"treatment":[41],"patterns":[42],"were":[43,82],"more":[44,67],"beneficiaries":[45],"receiving":[46],"no":[47,76],"care,":[49,64],"much":[50],"less":[51,99],"home":[54],"health":[55],"services":[56,112],"both":[57],"initially":[58],"initial":[61],"institutional":[62],"slightly":[66],"rehabilitation":[70],"long-term":[72],"hospitals.":[74],"But":[75],"consistent":[77],"increases":[78],"adverse":[80],"outcomes":[81],"observed":[83],"using":[84],"logistic":[85],"regression":[86],"models.":[87],"These":[88],"results":[89],"demonstrate":[90],"financing":[92],"changes":[93],"can":[94],"affect":[95],"patterns,":[97],"does":[101],"not":[102],"automatically":[103],"imply":[104],"poorer":[105],"quality,":[106],"interrelationship":[110],"should":[113],"be":[114],"considered":[115],"when":[116],"designing":[117],"reimbursement":[118],"methodologies.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}