{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116605997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","title":"The Relationship Between Employee Sex, Length of Service and Leadership Aspirations: A Study from Valence, Self\u2010Efficacy and Attribution Perspectives","display_name":"The Relationship Between Employee Sex, Length of Service and Leadership Aspirations: A Study from Valence, Self\u2010Efficacy and Attribution Perspectives","publication_year":1991,"publication_date":"1991-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116605997","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","mag":"2116605997"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47864991","display_name":"Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0269-994X","issn":["0269-994X","1464-0597"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101086113","display_name":"Ming S. Singer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185492890","display_name":"University of Canterbury","ror":"https://ror.org/03y7q9t39","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ming Singer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101086113"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185492890"],"apc_list":{"value":3840,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3840},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2468,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90404564,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"4","first_page":"417","last_page":"436"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.8119999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10006","display_name":"Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior","score":0.8119999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1407","display_name":"Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12751","display_name":"Leadership and Management in Organizations","score":0.05939999967813492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11047","display_name":"Gender Diversity and Inequality","score":0.041200000792741776,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3318","display_name":"Gender Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leadership-aspirations","display_name":"leadership aspirations","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/length-of-service","display_name":"length of service","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/valence-model","display_name":"valence model","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/self-efficacy","display_name":"self-efficacy","score":0.8610000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/attribution-theory","display_name":"attribution theory","score":0.9929999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/middle-managers","display_name":"middle managers","score":0.7160000205039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/career-development","display_name":"career development","score":0.5090000033378601}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143299363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q900584","display_name":"Attribution","level":2,"score":0.8294234275817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.7414680123329163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168900304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q171407","display_name":"Valence (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.6539595723152161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.6027691960334778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-0597.1991.tb01001.x","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S47864991","display_name":"Applied Psychology","issn_l":"0269-994X","issn":["0269-994X","1464-0597"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","erih-plus","fnege-2","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Psychology","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/observational-study","display_name":"Observational Study"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W563772818","https://openalex.org/W1028815282","https://openalex.org/W1526507121","https://openalex.org/W1532963222","https://openalex.org/W1555806226","https://openalex.org/W1966451786","https://openalex.org/W1973934889","https://openalex.org/W1976750191","https://openalex.org/W1979898091","https://openalex.org/W1982210139","https://openalex.org/W1985193117","https://openalex.org/W1985342906","https://openalex.org/W1985595585","https://openalex.org/W1986113593","https://openalex.org/W2003957997","https://openalex.org/W2011318631","https://openalex.org/W2014847711","https://openalex.org/W2016441627","https://openalex.org/W2017673714","https://openalex.org/W2024856665","https://openalex.org/W2027196417","https://openalex.org/W2027619835","https://openalex.org/W2033280378","https://openalex.org/W2034526704","https://openalex.org/W2041861871","https://openalex.org/W2042564103","https://openalex.org/W2066035585","https://openalex.org/W2069068985","https://openalex.org/W2073036087","https://openalex.org/W2075960167","https://openalex.org/W2079642786","https://openalex.org/W2081766018","https://openalex.org/W2084732941","https://openalex.org/W2085670043","https://openalex.org/W2085888743","https://openalex.org/W2122955616","https://openalex.org/W2134049139","https://openalex.org/W2139249918","https://openalex.org/W2162221567","https://openalex.org/W2167502595","https://openalex.org/W2313617540","https://openalex.org/W2323111888","https://openalex.org/W2612777180","https://openalex.org/W2899661332","https://openalex.org/W4230729759","https://openalex.org/W4242555923","https://openalex.org/W4292808503"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2785730978","https://openalex.org/W1988647075","https://openalex.org/W7062602032","https://openalex.org/W649464765","https://openalex.org/W4281626411","https://openalex.org/W6944107165","https://openalex.org/W3145896162","https://openalex.org/W7169618432","https://openalex.org/W2783735774","https://openalex.org/W6992827224"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study":[1],"explores":[2],"employees'":[3],"leadership":[4,27,44,53,80,107,117,144,214,233,288],"aspirations":[5,28,118,130,142,178,190,230,285,304],"within":[6],"the":[7,106,123],"theoretical":[8],"frameworks":[9],"of":[10,24,51,95,105],"valence":[11,47,86,124,161,197],"model,":[12],"self\u2010efficacy":[13,57,136],"model":[14],"and":[15,26,48,59],"attribution":[16],"theory.":[17],"The":[18,65],"relationship":[19],"between":[20],"employee":[21],"sex,":[22],"length":[23],"service":[25,75],"were":[29,119,131],"also":[30],"explored.":[31],"Altogether":[32],"152":[33,181],"professionals":[34],"in":[35],"middle":[36],"management":[37],"completed":[38],"a":[39,167],"questionnaire":[40,187],"assessing":[41],"(a)":[42],"overall":[43,79,116],"aspirations,":[45,81],"(b)":[46],"instrumentality":[49],"expectancies":[50],"13":[52],"outcomes,":[54],"(c)":[55],"three":[56],"expectancies,":[58],"(d)":[60],"attributions":[61,211],"about":[62],"effective":[63],"leadership.":[64,180],"results":[66],"showed":[67,111],"that":[68,112],"employees":[69],"with":[70,90],"less":[71],"than":[72,88,92],"two":[73,93],"years":[74,94],"had":[76],"significantly":[77,132],"higher":[78,85],"as":[82,84],"well":[83],"scores,":[87],"workers":[89],"longer":[91],"employment.":[96],"No":[97],"significant":[98],"sex":[99],"difference":[100],"was":[101],"obtained":[102],"on":[103],"any":[104],"variables.":[108],"Regression":[109],"analyses":[110,274],"for":[113,127],"shorter\u2010serving":[114],"employees,":[115,129],"primarily":[120],"determined":[121],"by":[122],"scores;":[125],"whereas":[126],"longer\u2010serving":[128],"predicted":[133],"from":[134],"\u201cability\u2010match\u201d":[135],"expectancies.":[137],"Cette":[138],"recherche":[139],"explore":[140],"les":[141,177,189,194,210,220,281,284,293,300,303,309],"au":[143,179,192,213,232,271,287],"des":[145,157,229,239,254,263],"salari\u00e9s":[146,221,282,301],"dans":[147],"le":[148,173],"cadre":[149],"th\u00e9orique":[150],"de":[151,154,159,163,196,200,224,243,246,252,256,265,267,275,295],"la":[152,160,170],"th\u00e9orie":[153],"l'attribution":[155],"et":[156,162,176,198,209],"mod\u00e8les":[158],"l'efficience":[164],"personnelle.":[165],"On":[166,258],"aussi":[168],"\u00e9tudi\u00e9":[169],"relation":[171],"entre":[172],"sexe,":[174],"l'anciennet\u00e9":[175],"cadres":[182],"moyens":[183],"ont":[184,277],"rempli":[185],"un":[186],"\u00e9valuant":[188],"globales":[191,231,286],"leadership,":[193,204,266],"expectations":[195,206,310],"d'instrumentalit\u00e9":[199],"treize":[201],"aspects":[202],"du":[203],"trois":[205],"d'efficience":[207,311],"personnelle":[208,312],"li\u00e9es":[212,270],"efficace.":[215],"Les":[216],"r\u00e9sultats":[217],"montrent":[218],"que":[219,237,279,298],"ayant":[222,241],"moins":[223],"deux":[225,244],"ans":[226,245],"d'anciennet\u00e9":[227],"pr\u00e9sentent":[228],"significativement":[234,306],"plus":[235,242],"\u00e9lev\u00e9es":[236],"celles":[238],"travailleurs":[240],"vie":[247],"professionnelle.":[248],"Il":[249],"en":[250],"est":[251],"m\u00eame":[253],"scores":[255,294],"valences.":[257],"n'a":[259],"obtenu,":[260],"sur":[261],"aucune":[262],"variables":[264],"diff\u00e9rences":[268],"significatives":[269],"sexe.":[272],"Des":[273],"r\u00e9gression":[276],"montr\u00e9":[278],"chez":[280],"r\u00e9cents,":[283],"\u00e9taient":[289,305],"essentiellement":[290],"d\u00e9termin\u00e9es":[291],"par":[292,308],"valences,":[296],"tandis":[297],"pour":[299],"anciens,":[302],"pronostiqu\u00e9es":[307],"\u201ccapacit\u00e9\u00e0":[313],"faire":[314],"face\u201d.":[315]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}