{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116255409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","title":"Review of probiotics available to modify gastrointestinal flora","display_name":"Review of probiotics available to modify gastrointestinal flora","publication_year":1999,"publication_date":"1999-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116255409","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","mag":"2116255409","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10493604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5248501","display_name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","issn_l":"0924-8579","issn":["0924-8579","1872-7913"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","raw_type":"journal-article"},"parent_works":[],"lineage":["https://openalex.org/W2116255409"],"child_works_count":0,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018107636","display_name":"Maria Rita Gismondo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-8660","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6926-8660"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087773","display_name":"Luigi Sacco Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0025g8755","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087773","https://openalex.org/I4210156709"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"M.R Gismondo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Italy. microbio@imiucca.csi.unimi.it","Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Italy. microbio@imiucca.csi.unimi.it","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943","https://openalex.org/I4210087773"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943","https://openalex.org/I4210087773"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023774292","display_name":"Lorenzo Drago","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-540X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5206-540X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087773","display_name":"Luigi Sacco Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0025g8755","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087773","https://openalex.org/I4210156709"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Drago","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943","https://openalex.org/I4210087773"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"A Lombardi","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I189158943","display_name":"University of Milan","ror":"https://ror.org/00wjc7c48","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I189158943"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087773","display_name":"Luigi Sacco Hospital","ror":"https://ror.org/0025g8755","country_code":"IT","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087773","https://openalex.org/I4210156709"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A Lombardi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943","https://openalex.org/I4210087773"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5018107636"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I189158943","https://openalex.org/I4210087773"],"apc_list":{"value":3280,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3280},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.353,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":273,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.43421053,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"287","last_page":"292"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10141","display_name":"Probiotics and Fermented Foods","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1106","display_name":"Food Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10365","display_name":"Gastrointestinal motility and disorders","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2715","display_name":"Gastroenterology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10066","display_name":"Gut microbiota and health","score":0.00019999999494757503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotics","display_name":"probiotics","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gut-microbiota","display_name":"gut microbiota","score":0.6859999895095825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/traveler-s-diarrhea","display_name":"traveler's diarrhea","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antibiotic-associated-diarrhea","display_name":"antibiotic-associated diarrhea","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acute-diarrhea","display_name":"acute diarrhea","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotic-prophylaxis","display_name":"probiotic prophylaxis","score":0.7889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probiotic-therapy","display_name":"probiotic therapy","score":0.7080000042915344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777234453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2033092","display_name":"Flora (microbiology)","level":3,"score":0.8519049286842346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780255968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1816730","display_name":"Probiotic","level":3,"score":0.8287185430526733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C501593827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12187","display_name":"Antibiotics","level":2,"score":0.6677221655845642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539455810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739734","display_name":"Gut flora","level":2,"score":0.5821591019630432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5666893124580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779802037","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40878","display_name":"Diarrhea","level":2,"score":0.5226721167564392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C535046627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30612","display_name":"Clinical trial","level":2,"score":0.42605268955230713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89423630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7193","display_name":"Microbiology","level":1,"score":0.3010406792163849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2998368740081787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.23896583914756775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90924648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120569","display_name":"Gastroenterology","level":1,"score":0.2351635992527008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.2232075333595276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523546767","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10876","display_name":"Bacteria","level":2,"score":0.18012410402297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000900","descriptor_name":"Anti-Bacterial Agents","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003967","descriptor_name":"Diarrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000139","qualifier_name":"chemically induced","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003967","descriptor_name":"Diarrhea","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007422","descriptor_name":"Intestines","qualifier_ui":"Q000382","qualifier_name":"microbiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007787","descriptor_name":"Lactose Intolerance","qualifier_ui":"Q000628","qualifier_name":"therapy","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D019936","descriptor_name":"Probiotics","qualifier_ui":"Q000627","qualifier_name":"therapeutic use","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00050-3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S5248501","display_name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","issn_l":"0924-8579","issn":["0924-8579","1872-7913"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:10493604","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10493604","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International journal of antimicrobial agents","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9763000011444092,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183383422","https://openalex.org/W241496978","https://openalex.org/W1549657477","https://openalex.org/W1587944958","https://openalex.org/W1893993890","https://openalex.org/W1925194624","https://openalex.org/W1935465505","https://openalex.org/W1969013213","https://openalex.org/W1984923941","https://openalex.org/W2005381376","https://openalex.org/W2011751034","https://openalex.org/W2014907915","https://openalex.org/W2059825445","https://openalex.org/W2062205749","https://openalex.org/W2078496970","https://openalex.org/W2082614348","https://openalex.org/W2086308847","https://openalex.org/W2094749861","https://openalex.org/W2129233237","https://openalex.org/W2131361193","https://openalex.org/W2134853329","https://openalex.org/W2152231693","https://openalex.org/W2161642121","https://openalex.org/W2163411366","https://openalex.org/W2394887728","https://openalex.org/W2911458070","https://openalex.org/W3213582273","https://openalex.org/W4255485929","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4292994528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W7168405754","https://openalex.org/W2058638864","https://openalex.org/W2188408695","https://openalex.org/W2106744168","https://openalex.org/W4417130502","https://openalex.org/W1964863978","https://openalex.org/W7125425875","https://openalex.org/W4289522238","https://openalex.org/W3008057779","https://openalex.org/W4392348830"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-11-12T12:28:57.059296","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}