{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2116238347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","title":"Molecular Approach to Adenosine Receptors: Receptor-Mediated Mechanisms of Tissue Protection","display_name":"Molecular Approach to Adenosine Receptors: Receptor-Mediated Mechanisms of Tissue Protection","publication_year":2001,"publication_date":"2001-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2116238347","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","mag":"2116238347","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11264476"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163849586","display_name":"The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"0362-1642","issn":["0362-1642","1545-4304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"review","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025561543","display_name":"Joel M Linden","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-0090","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7874-0090","https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0689-1647"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51556381","display_name":"University of Virginia","ror":"https://ror.org/0153tk833","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"J Linden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908;"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Departments of Cardiovascular Medicine and Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908;","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025561543"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51556381"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.7969,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":684,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96296296,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"1","first_page":"775","last_page":"787"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11193","display_name":"Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1314","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11193","display_name":"Adenosine and Purinergic Signaling","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1314","display_name":"Physiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12827","display_name":"Biochemical and Molecular Research","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11139","display_name":"Gout, Hyperuricemia, Uric Acid","score":0.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2727","display_name":"Nephrology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosine-receptors","display_name":"adenosine receptors","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tissue-protection","display_name":"tissue protection","score":0.746999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ischemia","display_name":"ischemia","score":0.765999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inflammation","display_name":"inflammation","score":0.9710000157356262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosine-kinase","display_name":"adenosine kinase","score":0.6370000243186951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ectonucleotidases","display_name":"ectonucleotidases","score":0.9229999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd39","display_name":"CD39","score":0.9900000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cd73","display_name":"CD73","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosine-a1-receptor","display_name":"adenosine A1 receptor","score":0.8859999775886536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosine-a2a-receptor","display_name":"adenosine A2A receptor","score":0.9620000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adenosine-a2b-receptor","display_name":"adenosine A2B receptor","score":0.9419999718666077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/a3-adenosine-receptor","display_name":"A3 adenosine receptor","score":0.9990000128746033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/preconditioning","display_name":"preconditioning","score":0.8040000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protein-kinase-c","display_name":"protein kinase C","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mitochondrial-atp-sensitive-potassium-channel","display_name":"mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channel","score":0.800000011920929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ischemia-reperfusion-injury","display_name":"ischemia-reperfusion injury","score":0.9829999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mast-cell-degranulation","display_name":"mast cell degranulation","score":0.9240000247955322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtype-selective-ligands","display_name":"subtype-selective ligands","score":0.7400000095367432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cardioprotection","display_name":"cardioprotection","score":0.6729999780654907}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776991684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190012","display_name":"Adenosine","level":2,"score":0.832009494304657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158424129","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4682275","display_name":"Adenosine A3 receptor","level":5,"score":0.8201214075088501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16587737","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4682273","display_name":"Adenosine A2B receptor","level":5,"score":0.7382568717002869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172590197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17165723","display_name":"Purinergic signalling","level":5,"score":0.7059305310249329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67907053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q356147","display_name":"Adenosine receptor","level":4,"score":0.6719586849212646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170493617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208467","display_name":"Receptor","level":2,"score":0.5997331142425537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98274493","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128406","display_name":"Pharmacology","level":1,"score":0.5865631103515625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49802076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5251810","display_name":"Degranulation","level":3,"score":0.5293577313423157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182683403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14888579","display_name":"Adenosine A1 receptor","level":5,"score":0.5051253437995911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778938600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q389934","display_name":"Agonist","level":3,"score":0.45765697956085205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95444343","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7141","display_name":"Cell biology","level":1,"score":0.45274433493614197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776914184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101991","display_name":"Inflammation","level":2,"score":0.44192489981651306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.4345552623271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.3567950129508972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.27040383219718933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.25948137044906616}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000241","descriptor_name":"Adenosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D000241","descriptor_name":"Adenosine","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007249","descriptor_name":"Inflammation","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015427","descriptor_name":"Reperfusion Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000473","qualifier_name":"pathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D015427","descriptor_name":"Reperfusion Injury","qualifier_ui":"Q000503","qualifier_name":"physiopathology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018047","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Purinergic P1","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018047","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Purinergic P1","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D018047","descriptor_name":"Receptors, Purinergic P1","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.41.1.775","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S163849586","display_name":"The Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","issn_l":"0362-1642","issn":["0362-1642","1545-4304"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","doyens","jufo-3","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320373","host_organization_name":"Annual Reviews","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320373"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Annual Reviews"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:11264476","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11264476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9391000270843506,"display_name":"Good health and well-being","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":58,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W31407392","https://openalex.org/W339620289","https://openalex.org/W1484320289","https://openalex.org/W1490279270","https://openalex.org/W1499941256","https://openalex.org/W1519582317","https://openalex.org/W1545295983","https://openalex.org/W1593467689","https://openalex.org/W1608256683","https://openalex.org/W1787679488","https://openalex.org/W1808208539","https://openalex.org/W1844553425","https://openalex.org/W1903660990","https://openalex.org/W1907647691","https://openalex.org/W1967323323","https://openalex.org/W1967831804","https://openalex.org/W1969170402","https://openalex.org/W1976150146","https://openalex.org/W1986494697","https://openalex.org/W1988131087","https://openalex.org/W2002923063","https://openalex.org/W2005174158","https://openalex.org/W2007358080","https://openalex.org/W2010946010","https://openalex.org/W2014310159","https://openalex.org/W2014862487","https://openalex.org/W2016845043","https://openalex.org/W2018928562","https://openalex.org/W2022487816","https://openalex.org/W2034825884","https://openalex.org/W2036205982","https://openalex.org/W2053225881","https://openalex.org/W2054906104","https://openalex.org/W2057237395","https://openalex.org/W2059659204","https://openalex.org/W2060953719","https://openalex.org/W2067609325","https://openalex.org/W2069416977","https://openalex.org/W2075865032","https://openalex.org/W2076380054","https://openalex.org/W2091028438","https://openalex.org/W2092087879","https://openalex.org/W2094306303","https://openalex.org/W2094610766","https://openalex.org/W2095352917","https://openalex.org/W2097912716","https://openalex.org/W2101535048","https://openalex.org/W2106843141","https://openalex.org/W2116418941","https://openalex.org/W2118974930","https://openalex.org/W2129667982","https://openalex.org/W2133338854","https://openalex.org/W2167106293","https://openalex.org/W2280388337","https://openalex.org/W2333153638","https://openalex.org/W2471978787","https://openalex.org/W2775037634","https://openalex.org/W4405992943"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W186512590","https://openalex.org/W2170348897","https://openalex.org/W2126214253","https://openalex.org/W7098501233","https://openalex.org/W7100976061","https://openalex.org/W2287333948","https://openalex.org/W1968070822","https://openalex.org/W3105266821","https://openalex.org/W2063366450","https://openalex.org/W2133400094"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Adenosine":[0,104],"accumulation":[1],"during":[2],"ischemia":[3],"and":[4,21,42,57,62,70,82,101,116,123,156,176,190],"inflammation":[5],"protects":[6,68,172],"tissues":[7,12,24,72,173],"from":[8,28,34,174],"injury.":[9],"In":[10],"ischemic":[11,191],"adenosine":[13,19,25,49,65,131,171],"accumulates":[14],"due":[15],"to":[16,48,167,177],"inhibition":[17],"of":[18,53,60,87,121,188],"kinase,":[20],"in":[22,97],"inflamed":[23],"is":[26],"formed":[27],"adenine":[29],"nucleotides":[30],"that":[31,111,182],"are":[32,45],"released":[33],"many":[35],"cells":[36],"including":[37,55,78],"platelets,":[38,99],"mast":[39,127],"cells,":[40,128],"nerves,":[41],"endothelium.":[43],"Nucleotides":[44],"rapidly":[46],"converted":[47],"by":[50,73,93,109],"a":[51,76],"family":[52],"ecto-nucleotidases":[54],"CD39":[56],"CD73.":[58],"Activation":[59,86],"A(1)":[61],"possibly":[63],"A(3)":[64,115,150,154],"receptors":[66,89,110,118],"(ARs)":[67],"heart":[69],"other":[71],"preconditioning":[74],"through":[75],"pathway":[77],"protein":[79],"kinase":[80],"C":[81],"mitochondrial":[83],"K(ATP)":[84],"channels.":[85],"A(2A)":[88],"limits":[90],"reperfusion":[91],"injury":[92,175],"inhibiting":[94],"inflammatory":[95,189],"processes":[96],"neutrophils,":[98],"macrophages":[100],"T":[102],"cells.":[103],"produces":[105],"proinflammatory":[106],"responses":[107],"mediated":[108],"vary":[112],"among":[113],"species;":[114],"A(2B)":[117],"mediate":[119],"degranulation":[120],"rodent":[122],"human":[124],"or":[125],"canine":[126],"respectively.":[129],"Novel":[130],"receptor":[132],"subtype-selective":[133],"ligands":[134],"have":[135],"recently":[136],"been":[137],"developed.":[138],"These":[139,160],"include":[140],"MRS1754":[141],"(A(2B)":[142],"blocker),":[143,146,151,155],"MRS1220":[144],"(A(3)":[145],"MRE":[147],"3008F20":[148],"(human":[149],"MRS1523":[152],"(rat":[153],"ATL146e":[157],"(A(2A)":[158],"agonist).":[159],"new":[161,179],"pharmacologic":[162],"tools":[163],"will":[164],"help":[165],"investigators":[166],"sort":[168],"out":[169],"how":[170],"identify":[178],"therapeutic":[180],"agents":[181],"hold":[183],"promise":[184],"for":[185],"the":[186],"treatment":[187],"diseases.":[192]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":32}],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
