{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115846243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","title":"Role of oxidants/antioxidants in smoking-induced lung diseases","display_name":"Role of oxidants/antioxidants in smoking-induced lung diseases","publication_year":1996,"publication_date":"1996-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115846243","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","mag":"2115846243","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8891669"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128018148","display_name":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0891-5849","issn":["0891-5849","1873-4596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058348723","display_name":"Irfan Rahman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-2454","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2274-2454"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Irfan Rahman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Rayne Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Respiratory Medicine, Rayne Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050425677","display_name":"William MacNee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-1448","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3692-1448"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98677209","display_name":"University of Edinburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01nrxwf90","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"William MacNee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Unit of Respiratory Medicine, The Rayne Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Unit of Respiratory Medicine, The Rayne Laboratory, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050425677"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98677209"],"apc_list":{"value":4240,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4240},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.8651,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":423,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96930322,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"5","first_page":"669","last_page":"681"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10143","display_name":"Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research","score":0.9779999852180481,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2740","display_name":"Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10445","display_name":"Antioxidant Activity and Oxidative Stress","score":0.018400000408291817,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2704","display_name":"Biochemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11884","display_name":"Redox biology and oxidative stress","score":0.0008999999845400453,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oxidant-antioxidant-imbalance","display_name":"oxidant-antioxidant imbalance","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smoking","display_name":"smoking","score":0.7170000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease","display_name":"chronic obstructive pulmonary disease","score":0.9440000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emphysema","display_name":"emphysema","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reactive-oxygen-species","display_name":"reactive oxygen species","score":0.9860000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neutrophil-sequestration","display_name":"neutrophil sequestration","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulmonary-microvasculature","display_name":"pulmonary microvasculature","score":0.7829999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/epithelial-injury","display_name":"epithelial damage","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antioxidant-therapy","display_name":"antioxidant therapy","score":0.9179999828338623}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776780178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199804","display_name":"COPD","level":2,"score":0.8645377159118652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780942790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q372016","display_name":"Pathogenesis","level":2,"score":0.8474446535110474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777714996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7886","display_name":"Lung","level":2,"score":0.6427863836288452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48349386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q424361","display_name":"Reactive oxygen species","level":2,"score":0.6189459562301636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6102119088172913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778004101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133948","display_name":"Antioxidant","level":2,"score":0.5859262347221375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203014093","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101929","display_name":"Immunology","level":1,"score":0.5323197245597839},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.47200441360473633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992779976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Pulmonary disease","level":2,"score":0.4331083595752716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151105","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q898814","display_name":"Oxidative stress","level":2,"score":0.4319073259830475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776178081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3286546","display_name":"Respiratory disease","level":3,"score":0.4230976700782776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.24005550146102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.2340487837791443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.15816211700439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.07421982288360596}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000975","descriptor_name":"Antioxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D004646","descriptor_name":"Emphysema","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004646","descriptor_name":"Emphysema","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005609","descriptor_name":"Free Radicals","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000187","qualifier_name":"drug effects","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008168","descriptor_name":"Lung","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008171","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000209","qualifier_name":"etiology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008173","descriptor_name":"Lung Diseases, Obstructive","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D010450","descriptor_name":"Endopeptidases","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D011480","descriptor_name":"Protease Inhibitors","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012907","descriptor_name":"Smoking","qualifier_ui":"Q000009","qualifier_name":"adverse effects","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D013438","descriptor_name":"Sulfhydryl Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016877","descriptor_name":"Oxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D016877","descriptor_name":"Oxidants","qualifier_ui":"Q000633","qualifier_name":"toxicity","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D017382","descriptor_name":"Reactive Oxygen Species","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D055370","descriptor_name":"Lung Injury","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(96)00155-4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S128018148","display_name":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine","issn_l":"0891-5849","issn":["0891-5849","1873-4596"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320990","host_organization_name":"Elsevier BV","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320990"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Elsevier BV"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Free Radical Biology and Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:8891669","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8891669","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Free radical biology & medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.9763000011444092}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W32102959","https://openalex.org/W55232853","https://openalex.org/W59212091","https://openalex.org/W60533858","https://openalex.org/W87834436","https://openalex.org/W134892560","https://openalex.org/W212022889","https://openalex.org/W287874598","https://openalex.org/W297207132","https://openalex.org/W405876825","https://openalex.org/W1242305241","https://openalex.org/W1596016701","https://openalex.org/W1661444637","https://openalex.org/W1782873284","https://openalex.org/W1798051272","https://openalex.org/W1810231402","https://openalex.org/W1847832250","https://openalex.org/W1850923226","https://openalex.org/W1857052429","https://openalex.org/W1908746277","https://openalex.org/W1947421187","https://openalex.org/W1954735914","https://openalex.org/W1961179371","https://openalex.org/W1966368391","https://openalex.org/W1966651445","https://openalex.org/W1967100741","https://openalex.org/W1969146491","https://openalex.org/W1970779091","https://openalex.org/W1971288600","https://openalex.org/W1972921069","https://openalex.org/W1973197685","https://openalex.org/W1979084634","https://openalex.org/W1982153589","https://openalex.org/W1983039463","https://openalex.org/W1983688443","https://openalex.org/W1984454286","https://openalex.org/W1985732522","https://openalex.org/W1986320181","https://openalex.org/W1988965637","https://openalex.org/W1991001058","https://openalex.org/W1992390260","https://openalex.org/W1994808395","https://openalex.org/W1997579271","https://openalex.org/W1998808965","https://openalex.org/W2000181213","https://openalex.org/W2000384489","https://openalex.org/W2005598261","https://openalex.org/W2006713610","https://openalex.org/W2007843481","https://openalex.org/W2010411437","https://openalex.org/W2011582754","https://openalex.org/W2013347422","https://openalex.org/W2015601104","https://openalex.org/W2017197271","https://openalex.org/W2018703531","https://openalex.org/W2022148560","https://openalex.org/W2023394923","https://openalex.org/W2023862388","https://openalex.org/W2024018261","https://openalex.org/W2024182441","https://openalex.org/W2024770617","https://openalex.org/W2030294191","https://openalex.org/W2030518723","https://openalex.org/W2030677909","https://openalex.org/W2031534164","https://openalex.org/W2035774412","https://openalex.org/W2038177508","https://openalex.org/W2040866973","https://openalex.org/W2042421205","https://openalex.org/W2043869065","https://openalex.org/W2043909055","https://openalex.org/W2045557048","https://openalex.org/W2046368669","https://openalex.org/W2048650447","https://openalex.org/W2049374111","https://openalex.org/W2049588791","https://openalex.org/W2051389808","https://openalex.org/W2051513032","https://openalex.org/W2052088479","https://openalex.org/W2053121074","https://openalex.org/W2053527204","https://openalex.org/W2053753468","https://openalex.org/W2053911294","https://openalex.org/W2059991550","https://openalex.org/W2061790323","https://openalex.org/W2062861425","https://openalex.org/W2064161255","https://openalex.org/W2067940907","https://openalex.org/W2071095297","https://openalex.org/W2076559871","https://openalex.org/W2078208536","https://openalex.org/W2083628313","https://openalex.org/W2083843735","https://openalex.org/W2088509118","https://openalex.org/W2088543500","https://openalex.org/W2090258342","https://openalex.org/W2091747613","https://openalex.org/W2096990403","https://openalex.org/W2099004036","https://openalex.org/W2099817703","https://openalex.org/W2105161580","https://openalex.org/W2115180748","https://openalex.org/W2115311661","https://openalex.org/W2118197762","https://openalex.org/W2119298408","https://openalex.org/W2120940234","https://openalex.org/W2121721745","https://openalex.org/W2123420893","https://openalex.org/W2124374786","https://openalex.org/W2127332122","https://openalex.org/W2129288396","https://openalex.org/W2132069480","https://openalex.org/W2134604571","https://openalex.org/W2138227659","https://openalex.org/W2143105914","https://openalex.org/W2144131169","https://openalex.org/W2154563160","https://openalex.org/W2161427454","https://openalex.org/W2167008900","https://openalex.org/W2167762171","https://openalex.org/W2170756389","https://openalex.org/W2182425168","https://openalex.org/W2199936986","https://openalex.org/W2257895313","https://openalex.org/W2282046328","https://openalex.org/W2287003415","https://openalex.org/W2321320809","https://openalex.org/W2325683243","https://openalex.org/W2336230294","https://openalex.org/W2340686756","https://openalex.org/W2398317930","https://openalex.org/W2401321658","https://openalex.org/W2403493103","https://openalex.org/W2406292281","https://openalex.org/W2410888000","https://openalex.org/W2411749839","https://openalex.org/W2412352333","https://openalex.org/W2414350102","https://openalex.org/W2416449800","https://openalex.org/W2416965567","https://openalex.org/W2417783612","https://openalex.org/W2418151500","https://openalex.org/W2425393750","https://openalex.org/W2437929712","https://openalex.org/W2466250687","https://openalex.org/W2765611041","https://openalex.org/W4214481755","https://openalex.org/W4245957869","https://openalex.org/W4246220332","https://openalex.org/W6610391572","https://openalex.org/W6684830585"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2327686726","https://openalex.org/W2135297085","https://openalex.org/W7099643543","https://openalex.org/W4230296466","https://openalex.org/W2153915300","https://openalex.org/W2897163268","https://openalex.org/W3201813836","https://openalex.org/W2031679199","https://openalex.org/W2092829657","https://openalex.org/W2082201708"],"abstract_inverted_index":null,"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":25}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}