{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115687119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130504","title":"Electrochemical measurements with glucose oxidase immobilized in polyacrylamide gel: Constant current voltametry","display_name":"Electrochemical measurements with glucose oxidase immobilized in polyacrylamide gel: Constant current voltametry","publication_year":1971,"publication_date":"1971-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115687119","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130504","mag":"2115687119"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/bit.260130504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151564723","display_name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","issn_l":"0006-3592","issn":["0006-3592","1097-0290"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110136148","display_name":"Lemuel B. Wingard","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lemuel B. Wingard","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020584819","display_name":"C. C. Liu","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. C. Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108215233","display_name":"Niren L. Nagda","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170201317","display_name":"University of Pittsburgh","ror":"https://ror.org/01an3r305","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Niren L. Nagda","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170201317"],"apc_list":{"value":5060,"currency":"USD","value_usd":5060},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.7499,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83298626,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"5","first_page":"629","last_page":"639"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10212","display_name":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10212","display_name":"Electrochemical sensors and biosensors","score":0.9307000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10404","display_name":"Enzyme Catalysis and Immobilization","score":0.05959999933838844,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11472","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry and Sensors","score":0.0038999998942017555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glucose-oxidase","display_name":"glucose oxidase","score":0.9470000267028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-immobilization","display_name":"enzyme immobilization","score":0.9449999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/polyacrylamide-hydrogel","display_name":"polyacrylamide hydrogel","score":0.9950000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-circuit-potential","display_name":"open circuit potential","score":0.7379999756813049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/d-glucose-oxidation","display_name":"D-glucose oxidation","score":0.7540000081062317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/enzyme-electrodes","display_name":"enzyme electrodes","score":0.6869999766349792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/concentration-gradient","display_name":"concentration gradient","score":0.8190000057220459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ph-dependence","display_name":"pH dependence","score":0.7509999871253967}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777197210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419321","display_name":"Glucose oxidase","level":3,"score":0.801038920879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.6652990579605103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778862431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q416002","display_name":"Polyacrylamide","level":2,"score":0.5829284191131592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33633552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q904145","display_name":"Immobilized enzyme","level":3,"score":0.5478515028953552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113196181","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q485223","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry (journal)","level":2,"score":0.544191837310791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.5310108065605164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52859227","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7877","display_name":"Electrochemistry","level":3,"score":0.524701714515686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C518104683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q880","display_name":"Platinum","level":3,"score":0.5028812289237976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148043351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4456944","display_name":"Current (fluid)","level":2,"score":0.4444792866706848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53392680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5163647","display_name":"Constant current","level":3,"score":0.442434161901474},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57631264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1812203","display_name":"Open-circuit voltage","level":3,"score":0.42915672063827515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40250595","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185098","display_name":"Electrophoresis","level":2,"score":0.41587501764297485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.4081629514694214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161790260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82264","display_name":"Catalysis","level":2,"score":0.40214353799819946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.22106465697288513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181199279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8047","display_name":"Enzyme","level":2,"score":0.1983914077281952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.1675713062286377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.15786603093147278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188027245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750446","display_name":"Polymer chemistry","level":1,"score":0.10607296228408813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08972802758216858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147789679","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11372","display_name":"Physical chemistry","level":1,"score":0.061777740716934204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/bit.260130504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S151564723","display_name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","issn_l":"0006-3592","issn":["0006-3592","1097-0290"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-2","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-100","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Biotechnology and Bioengineering","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1521325148","https://openalex.org/W1789097051","https://openalex.org/W1973876911","https://openalex.org/W1981766814","https://openalex.org/W1997215439","https://openalex.org/W1998071950","https://openalex.org/W2015404119","https://openalex.org/W2024138619","https://openalex.org/W2028098234","https://openalex.org/W2056844030","https://openalex.org/W2064421902","https://openalex.org/W2065011910","https://openalex.org/W2066958550","https://openalex.org/W2079825047","https://openalex.org/W2092518477","https://openalex.org/W2125535753","https://openalex.org/W2398232968","https://openalex.org/W4229786419","https://openalex.org/W4328001306"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081734333","https://openalex.org/W4242719296","https://openalex.org/W2049585233","https://openalex.org/W4238583480","https://openalex.org/W2074194664","https://openalex.org/W4243974675","https://openalex.org/W1989115318","https://openalex.org/W2019422781","https://openalex.org/W2080906742","https://openalex.org/W4242507002"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Constant":[1],"current":[2,60,90],"voltametry":[3],"was":[4,32,91,124],"shown":[5],"to":[6,68,100,106],"be":[7,66],"a":[8,35,46,88,127],"suitable":[9],"method":[10],"for":[11,24],"evaluation":[12],"of":[13,27,37,93,120,129,138],"electrodes":[14],"containing":[15],"immobilized":[16,44],"oxidative":[17],"enzymes":[18],"as":[19,51],"catalysts.":[20],"The":[21,77,111],"half\u2010cell":[22,72],"potential":[23,58,73,82,86,116],"the":[25,54,57,70,80,84,94,107,114,118,121,135],"oxdidation":[26],"D\u2010glucose":[28],"at":[29,34,74,87],"constant":[30,38,89],"pH":[31,119],"measured":[33,81],"series":[36],"dc":[39],"currents,":[40],"using":[41],"glucose":[42],"oxidase":[43],"in":[45,96,131],"polyacrylamide":[47],"gel\u2010platinum":[48],"gauze":[49],"matrix":[50],"catalyst.":[52],"Over":[53],"range":[55],"studied":[56],"versus":[59],"data":[61],"were":[62],"linear":[63,125],"and":[64,83,117],"could":[65],"extrapolated":[67],"give":[69],"open\u2010circuit":[71,85,115],"zero":[75],"current.":[76],"difference":[78],"between":[79,113],"indicative":[92],"loss":[95],"useful":[97],"voltage":[98],"due":[99],"concentration":[101],"gradients":[102],"within":[103],"or":[104],"adjacent":[105],"enzyme":[108],"electrode":[109],"assembly.":[110],"relationship":[112],"reaction":[122],"mixture":[123],"with":[126,134],"slope":[128,137],"\u22120.056,":[130],"good":[132],"agreement":[133],"predicted":[136],"\u22120.061.":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-30T12:39:25.321706","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}