{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115394584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","title":"Projection of Climate Change with Uncertainties: 2. Internal Variability","display_name":"Projection of Climate Change with Uncertainties: 2. Internal Variability","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-10-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115394584","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","mag":"2115394584"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204355","display_name":"Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation","issn_l":"1598-2238","issn":["1598-2238","1738-2424","2287-6723"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["kci-registered"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113240","host_organization_name":"Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113240"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100683314","display_name":"Jong-Ho Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-4814","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0496-4814"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jongho Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035325805","display_name":"Hye-Rin Cho","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hye-Rin Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023973595","display_name":"Yong-Sik Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-3141","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4788-3141"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong-Sik Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.0,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"5","first_page":"329","last_page":"339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10439","display_name":"Climate change impacts on agriculture","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1102","display_name":"Agronomy and Crop Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change-projections","display_name":"climate change projections","score":0.9150000214576721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internal-climate-variability","display_name":"natural climate variability","score":0.824999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/uncertainty","display_name":"uncertainty","score":0.4189999997615814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/weather-generator","display_name":"weather generator","score":0.7960000038146973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature","display_name":"temperature","score":0.6179999709129333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"precipitation","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rcp4-5","display_name":"RCP4.5","score":0.8820000290870667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rcp8-5","display_name":"RCP8.5","score":0.9959999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emissions-scenarios","display_name":"emission scenarios","score":0.8809999823570251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/future-climate-scenarios","display_name":"future climate scenarios","score":0.3709999918937683}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.7428054213523865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6992431879043579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.6777581572532654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.6635780334472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143742823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5513004","display_name":"GCM transcription factors","level":4,"score":0.6313812136650085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57493831","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3134666","display_name":"Projection (relational algebra)","level":2,"score":0.4708501696586609},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778760939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7314241","display_name":"Representative Concentration Pathways","level":4,"score":0.4438285231590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C141452985","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650994","display_name":"General Circulation Model","level":3,"score":0.42518261075019836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.36128729581832886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.27656781673431396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14245939254760742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.10884135961532593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.09530165791511536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","doi":"https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.9798/kosham.2014.14.5.329","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210204355","display_name":"Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation","issn_l":"1598-2238","issn":["1598-2238","1738-2424","2287-6723"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["kci-registered"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4324113240","host_organization_name":"Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4324113240"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Journal of Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":1.0,"display_name":"Climate action","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W789894107","https://openalex.org/W1959361556","https://openalex.org/W1963818384","https://openalex.org/W1971250671","https://openalex.org/W1971913675","https://openalex.org/W1974470230","https://openalex.org/W1988445903","https://openalex.org/W1996653992","https://openalex.org/W2037981577","https://openalex.org/W2093288507","https://openalex.org/W2145804546","https://openalex.org/W2162440908","https://openalex.org/W2171074980","https://openalex.org/W2315468749","https://openalex.org/W2419321875"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2315468749","https://openalex.org/W2230932007","https://openalex.org/W2901896174","https://openalex.org/W1974470230","https://openalex.org/W3023909706","https://openalex.org/W4392674446","https://openalex.org/W2292605422","https://openalex.org/W3105028353","https://openalex.org/W4302347380","https://openalex.org/W2082598313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\uc5f0\uad6c":[0],"I(\uae40\uc885\ud638":[1],"\ub4f1,":[2],"2014)\uc758":[3],"GCMs\uc559\uc0c1\ube14\uacfc":[4],"\uc774\uc0b0\ud654\ud0c4\uc18c":[5,40],"\uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624\uc5d0\uc11c":[6],"\uc624\ub294":[7,14],"\ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\uc131\uacfc,":[8],"\ubcf8":[9,26],"\uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c":[10],"\uc218\ud589\ud55c":[11],"\ub0b4\uc801":[12,63],"\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c\ubd80\ud130":[13],"\ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\uc131\uc744":[15,55],"\uace0\ub824\ud558\ub294":[16],"\uac83\uc740":[17],"\uae30\ud6c4\ubcc0\ud654":[18],"\uc608\uce21\uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0":[19],"\uc788\uc5b4\uc11c":[20],"\uac00\uc7a5":[21,68],"\uc911\uc694\ud55c":[22],"\uc694\uc18c\ub4e4":[23],"\uc911":[24],"\ud558\ub098\uc774\ub2e4.":[25],"\uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294":[27],"\uc77c\uae30\ubc1c\uc0dd\uae30\ub97c":[28],"\uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec":[29],"\uae30\uc628\uacfc":[30],"\uac15\uc218\ub7c9\uc5d0":[31,59],"\ub300\ud55c":[32],"3,000\ub144\uc5d0":[33],"\ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294":[34],"\uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\uc744":[35],"3\uae30\uac04(2011-2040\ub144,":[36],"2041-2070\ub144,":[37],"2071-2100\ub144)\uacfc":[38],"2\uac1c\uc758":[39],"\uc2dc\ub098\ub9ac\uc624(RCP4.5,":[41],"RCP8.5)\uc5d0":[42],"\ub300\ud574":[43],"\uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc600\uace0,":[44],"\uc2dc\uacc4\uc5f4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130":[45],"\uc790\uc5f0\uc801\uc73c\ub85c":[46],"\ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294":[47,65,76],"\uae30\ud6c4\uc758":[48,66],"\ubcc0\ub3d9":[49],"\uc815\ub3c4\ub97c":[50],"\uc218\uce58\ud654\ud558\uc600\ub2e4.":[51],"\uc138\uac00\uc9c0":[52],"\uc6d0\uc778\uc5d0":[53],"\uc758\ud55c":[54],"\uc11c\ub85c":[56],"\ube44\uad50\ud55c":[57],"\uacb0\uacfc,":[58],"\ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub294":[60,71],"\ubbf8\ub798\uae30\uac04\uc5d0":[61],"\uad00\uacc4\uc5c6\uc774":[62],"\uc6d0\uc778\uc73c\ub85c":[64,75],"\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc131\uc774":[67],"\ud06c\uba70,":[69],"\uae30\uc628\uc5d0":[70],"\ud604\uc7ac\uc640":[72],"\uba40\uc5b4\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d":[73],"\uc678\uc801":[74],"\uae30\ud6c4":[77],"\ubcc0\ub3d9\uc774":[78],"\uc9c0\ubc30\uc801\uc784\uc744":[79],"\ud655\uc778\ud560":[80],"\uc218":[81],"\uc788\uc5c8\ub2e4.":[82],"When":[83],"projecting":[84],"climate":[85,109,163,180],"change":[86],"on":[87,162],"future,":[88],"considering":[89],"uncertainties":[90],"due":[91],"to":[92,131,137,199],"multiple":[93],"GCMs":[94],"and":[95,105,142,151,156],"emission":[96,153,196],"scenarios":[97,197],"carried":[98],"out":[99],"in":[100,113],"the":[101,119,160,179,193,202],"previous":[102],"companion":[103],"paper":[104,115],"that":[106,176],"caused":[107],"by":[108,195],"internal":[110,181],"variability":[111,165,182],"addressed":[112],"this":[114,124],"is":[116,129,183],"one":[117],"of":[118,140,187],"most":[120,184],"crucial":[121],"factors.":[122],"In":[123],"study,":[125],"a":[126,133],"weather":[127],"generator":[128],"employed":[130],"generate":[132],"time":[134,188,203],"series":[135],"corresponding":[136],"3,000":[138],"years":[139],"temperature":[141],"precipitation":[143],"for":[144,177,191],"three":[145],"future":[146],"periods,":[147],"2011-2040,":[148],"2041-2070,":[149],"2071-2100,":[150],"two":[152],"scenarios,":[154],"RCP4.5":[155],"RCP8.5,":[157],"from":[158],"which":[159],"information":[161],"natural":[164],"was":[166],"quantified.":[167],"The":[168],"comparisons":[169],"among":[170],"3":[171],"uncertainty":[172,194],"bounds":[173],"have":[174],"concluded":[175],"precipitation,":[178],"significant":[185],"regardless":[186],"windows":[189],"while":[190],"temperature,":[192],"tends":[198],"increase":[200],"as":[201],"passes.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}