{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115200231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","title":"Of babies and birds: complex tool behaviours are not sufficient for the evolution of the ability to create a novel causal intervention","display_name":"Of babies and birds: complex tool behaviours are not sufficient for the evolution of the ability to create a novel causal intervention","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115200231","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","mag":"2115200231","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24920476","pmcid":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4071556"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","pdf_url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017792679","display_name":"Alex H. Taylor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-7667","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3492-7667"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB","NZ"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Alex H. Taylor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand","Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK","Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895","https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010889838","display_name":"Lucy G. Cheke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-7575","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5588-7575"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lucy G. Cheke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072682096","display_name":"Anna Waismeyer","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anna Waismeyer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079621379","display_name":"Andrew N. Meltzoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-0547","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8683-0547"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew N. Meltzoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle WA, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056886854","display_name":"Rachael Miller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9571","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2996-9571"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I129774422","display_name":"University of Vienna","ror":"https://ror.org/03prydq77","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rachael Miller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1091 Vienna, Austria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Cognitive Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, 1091 Vienna, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I129774422"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062253481","display_name":"Alison Gopnik C","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-0867","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7183-0867"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95457486","display_name":"University of California, Berkeley","ror":"https://ror.org/01an7q238","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alison Gopnik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95457486"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042763116","display_name":"Nicola Susan Clayton","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-423X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1835-423X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I241749","display_name":"University of Cambridge","ror":"https://ror.org/013meh722","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicola S. Clayton","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I241749"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076786881","display_name":"Russell David Gray","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9858-0191","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9858-0191"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}],"countries":["NZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Russell D. Gray","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Psychology, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5017792679"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895","https://openalex.org/I241749"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.8088,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96403363,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"281","issue":"1787","first_page":"20140837","last_page":"20140837"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10656","display_name":"Child and Animal Learning Development","score":0.8960000276565552,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10699","display_name":"Primate Behavior and Ecology","score":0.062199998646974564,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12090","display_name":"Language and cultural evolution","score":0.022299999371170998,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3316","display_name":"Cultural Studies"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-intervention","display_name":"causal intervention","score":0.6959999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-knowledge","display_name":"causal knowledge","score":0.7599999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/toolmaking","display_name":"tool manufacturing","score":0.5009999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/new-caledonian-crow","display_name":"New Caledonian crow","score":0.9670000076293945},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/children","display_name":"children","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correlation-and-causation","display_name":"correlation versus causation","score":0.4580000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-evolution","display_name":"cognitive evolution","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/causal-reasoning","display_name":"causal reasoning","score":0.3199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-cognition","display_name":"comparative cognition","score":0.5540000200271606}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7256382","display_name":"Psychological intervention","level":2,"score":0.6444224119186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780665704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959298","display_name":"Intervention (counseling)","level":2,"score":0.6011667251586914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5893644094467163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.5527330636978149},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115086926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17004651","display_name":"Causal reasoning","level":3,"score":0.5464396476745605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163504300","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2364925","display_name":"Causal structure","level":2,"score":0.4912039637565613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.478618323802948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.4567795991897583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.432468056678772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169900460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2200417","display_name":"Cognition","level":2,"score":0.3622211217880249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3231748342514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12494876980781555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.11516335606575012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118552586","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7867","display_name":"Psychiatry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000818","descriptor_name":"Animals","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D002675","descriptor_name":"Child, Preschool","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003071","descriptor_name":"Cognition","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D003216","descriptor_name":"Conditioning, Operant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005075","descriptor_name":"Biological Evolution","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D005260","descriptor_name":"Female","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007223","descriptor_name":"Infant","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007858","descriptor_name":"Learning","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D008297","descriptor_name":"Male","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009510","descriptor_name":"New Caledonia","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D046368","descriptor_name":"Crows","qualifier_ui":"Q000502","qualifier_name":"physiology","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D053001","descriptor_name":"Tool Use Behavior","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true}],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","pdf_url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:4071556","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/4071556","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proc Biol Sci","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmid:24920476","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24920476","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings. Biological sciences","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:escholarship.org:ark:/13030/qt5nw2v0wf","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5nw2v0wf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400115","display_name":"eScholarship (California Digital Library)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2801248553","host_organization_name":"California Digital Library","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801248553"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B, vol 281, iss 1787","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:openresearch-repository.anu.edu.au:1885/37877","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1885/37877","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402539","display_name":"ANU Open Research (Australian National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I118347636","host_organization_name":"Australian National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347636"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"Journal article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_2166378","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-0027-AEE5-B","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400654","display_name":"MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I149899117","host_organization_name":"Max Planck Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149899117"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchspace.auckland.ac.nz:2292/23031","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/2292/23031","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055463","display_name":"ResearchSpace (University of Auckland)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","host_organization_name":"University of Auckland","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","pdf_url":"https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/pdf/10.1098/rspb.2014.0837","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S3006207977","display_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences","issn_l":"0080-4649","issn":["0080-4649","0962-8452","1471-2954","2053-9193"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-b","jufo-3","ki-jl-2","medline","norway-2","poland-140","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319787","host_organization_name":"Royal Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319787"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Royal Society"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2115200231.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2115200231.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524326598","https://openalex.org/W1525726177","https://openalex.org/W1759255939","https://openalex.org/W1965587945","https://openalex.org/W1998231619","https://openalex.org/W2003144783","https://openalex.org/W2005320373","https://openalex.org/W2014418963","https://openalex.org/W2017470614","https://openalex.org/W2021316547","https://openalex.org/W2042570062","https://openalex.org/W2045914750","https://openalex.org/W2046832728","https://openalex.org/W2048732459","https://openalex.org/W2065890643","https://openalex.org/W2074082273","https://openalex.org/W2080452089","https://openalex.org/W2081312879","https://openalex.org/W2094101853","https://openalex.org/W2097556395","https://openalex.org/W2115606248","https://openalex.org/W2128152674","https://openalex.org/W2134042061","https://openalex.org/W2143679408","https://openalex.org/W2143891888","https://openalex.org/W2144425560","https://openalex.org/W2147992013","https://openalex.org/W2150725705","https://openalex.org/W2155678792","https://openalex.org/W2156934441","https://openalex.org/W2157345427","https://openalex.org/W2159080219","https://openalex.org/W2164672532","https://openalex.org/W3133236490","https://openalex.org/W4302423442","https://openalex.org/W4302454383"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074082273","https://openalex.org/W2260343876","https://openalex.org/W2890876476","https://openalex.org/W7098177084","https://openalex.org/W4206015795","https://openalex.org/W2103035773","https://openalex.org/W7095537513","https://openalex.org/W2097556395","https://openalex.org/W3097048761","https://openalex.org/W7098198275"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Humans":[0],"are":[1,68],"capable":[2],"of":[3,74,90],"simply":[4],"observing":[5,53],"a":[6,15,54],"correlation":[7],"between":[8],"cause":[9],"and":[10,12,77,84],"effect,":[11],"then":[13],"producing":[14],"novel":[16,50],"behavioural":[17],"pattern":[18],"in":[19],"order":[20],"to":[21,33],"recreate":[22],"the":[23,31,72],"same":[24],"outcome.":[25],"However,":[26],"it":[27],"is":[28],"unclear":[29],"how":[30],"ability":[32],"create":[34],"such":[35],"causal":[36,79,91],"interventions":[37,80],"evolved.":[38],"Here,":[39],"we":[40],"show":[41],"that":[42,64,78],"while":[43],"24-month-old":[44],"children":[45],"can":[46,81],"produce":[47],"an":[48],"effective,":[49],"action":[51],"after":[52],"correlation,":[55],"tool-making":[56],"New":[57],"Caledonian":[58],"crows":[59],"cannot.":[60],"These":[61],"results":[62],"suggest":[63],"complex":[65],"tool":[66],"behaviours":[67],"not":[69],"sufficient":[70],"for":[71],"evolution":[73],"this":[75],"ability,":[76],"be":[82],"cognitively":[83],"evolutionarily":[85],"disassociated":[86],"from":[87],"other":[88],"types":[89],"understanding.":[92]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}