{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115079985","doi":null,"title":"Effects of RAP Paraphrasing and Semantic-Mapping Strategies on the Reading Comprehension of English Learners and Fully- English-Proficient Students with Mild-to-Moderate Learning Disabilities","display_name":"Effects of RAP Paraphrasing and Semantic-Mapping Strategies on the Reading Comprehension of English Learners and Fully- English-Proficient Students with Mild-to-Moderate Learning Disabilities","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115079985","mag":"2115079985"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.usfca.edu:diss-1084","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","pdf_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196440","display_name":"USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","host_organization_name":"University of San Francisco","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"article","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059728834","display_name":"Terry Halterman","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Terry Halterman","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5059728834"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5026,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75149167,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10103","display_name":"Reading and Literacy Development","score":0.98580002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11587","display_name":"Second Language Acquisition and Learning","score":0.005799999926239252,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10826","display_name":"Behavioral and Psychological Studies","score":0.003800000064074993,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantic-mapping","display_name":"semantic mapping","score":0.7680000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-comprehension","display_name":"reading comprehension","score":0.8339999914169312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/english-language-learners","display_name":"English language learners","score":0.8889999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/learning-disabilities","display_name":"learning disabilities","score":0.8370000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reading-strategies-instruction","display_name":"reading strategies instruction","score":0.699999988079071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/secondary-special-education","display_name":"secondary special education","score":0.5809999704360962},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oral-language-proficiency","display_name":"oral language proficiency","score":0.6439999938011169}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778780117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3269423","display_name":"Reading comprehension","level":3,"score":0.7050873041152954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.6060056090354919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554936623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199657","display_name":"Reading (process)","level":2,"score":0.564964771270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C511192102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156948","display_name":"Comprehension","level":2,"score":0.5419784784317017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.5214682817459106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.45077773928642273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775955345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7449071","display_name":"Semantic mapping","level":2,"score":0.4501044452190399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15107229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860740","display_name":"Learning disability","level":2,"score":0.424469530582428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3890964686870575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.38502663373947144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3470667004585266},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3337472677230835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180747234","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23373","display_name":"Cognitive psychology","level":1,"score":0.3256213068962097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.14620420336723328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.usfca.edu:diss-1084","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","pdf_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196440","display_name":"USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","host_organization_name":"University of San Francisco","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2115079985","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1084&context=diss","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.usfca.edu:diss-1084","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","pdf_url":"https://repository.usfca.edu/diss/79","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196440","display_name":"USF Scholarship Repository (University of San Francisco)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I76766440","host_organization_name":"University of San Francisco","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76766440"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Doctoral Dissertations","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.9235000014305115,"display_name":"Quality education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"study_designs":[{"display_name":"Clinical Trial","id":"https://openalex.org/study-designs/clinical-trial"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314997","display_name":"Strong","ror":"https://ror.org/041vyzr56"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2115079985.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2115079985.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":118,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7029887","https://openalex.org/W39032449","https://openalex.org/W82500156","https://openalex.org/W83153100","https://openalex.org/W83994998","https://openalex.org/W85765545","https://openalex.org/W121859461","https://openalex.org/W168495227","https://openalex.org/W186242912","https://openalex.org/W324113887","https://openalex.org/W349301782","https://openalex.org/W627987277","https://openalex.org/W1497806586","https://openalex.org/W1539265701","https://openalex.org/W1544905993","https://openalex.org/W1567476757","https://openalex.org/W1575406155","https://openalex.org/W1593387132","https://openalex.org/W1607892631","https://openalex.org/W1684156941","https://openalex.org/W1714723801","https://openalex.org/W1733097953","https://openalex.org/W1936152752","https://openalex.org/W1939820052","https://openalex.org/W1965373908","https://openalex.org/W1966804537","https://openalex.org/W1971363530","https://openalex.org/W1974174493","https://openalex.org/W1977655591","https://openalex.org/W1977818943","https://openalex.org/W1986368687","https://openalex.org/W1991188862","https://openalex.org/W1991350193","https://openalex.org/W1998875551","https://openalex.org/W2001564915","https://openalex.org/W2002174228","https://openalex.org/W2002563673","https://openalex.org/W2003586317","https://openalex.org/W2003970683","https://openalex.org/W2006017717","https://openalex.org/W2006160671","https://openalex.org/W2011255537","https://openalex.org/W2011528759","https://openalex.org/W2015466640","https://openalex.org/W2022517069","https://openalex.org/W2033723342","https://openalex.org/W2040791046","https://openalex.org/W2042633157","https://openalex.org/W2049329776","https://openalex.org/W2056631272","https://openalex.org/W2057629119","https://openalex.org/W2058520935","https://openalex.org/W2059524126","https://openalex.org/W2063300938","https://openalex.org/W2064320288","https://openalex.org/W2067068871","https://openalex.org/W2069265030","https://openalex.org/W2069580074","https://openalex.org/W2070076837","https://openalex.org/W2070114192","https://openalex.org/W2077719048","https://openalex.org/W2080896051","https://openalex.org/W2080911382","https://openalex.org/W2082644899","https://openalex.org/W2087967315","https://openalex.org/W2091892333","https://openalex.org/W2092723856","https://openalex.org/W2093347953","https://openalex.org/W2093950336","https://openalex.org/W2096707172","https://openalex.org/W2100442069","https://openalex.org/W2102703288","https://openalex.org/W2105205364","https://openalex.org/W2106767263","https://openalex.org/W2106931114","https://openalex.org/W2110467579","https://openalex.org/W2111435909","https://openalex.org/W2112192437","https://openalex.org/W2114932467","https://openalex.org/W2115901191","https://openalex.org/W2117017125","https://openalex.org/W2117018026","https://openalex.org/W2117821132","https://openalex.org/W2119776100","https://openalex.org/W2126959830","https://openalex.org/W2130481251","https://openalex.org/W2131358391","https://openalex.org/W2132850750","https://openalex.org/W2134598164","https://openalex.org/W2134877194","https://openalex.org/W2136792574","https://openalex.org/W2137145004","https://openalex.org/W2142241773","https://openalex.org/W2142298971","https://openalex.org/W2142534285","https://openalex.org/W2145588116","https://openalex.org/W2148381857","https://openalex.org/W2149612094","https://openalex.org/W2150062269","https://openalex.org/W2152379890","https://openalex.org/W2152483042","https://openalex.org/W2156173182","https://openalex.org/W2157277859","https://openalex.org/W2159188703","https://openalex.org/W2161253280","https://openalex.org/W2168850502","https://openalex.org/W2170302173","https://openalex.org/W2171626238","https://openalex.org/W2175476004","https://openalex.org/W2182160749","https://openalex.org/W2248214163","https://openalex.org/W2610756459","https://openalex.org/W2728304038","https://openalex.org/W2740832002","https://openalex.org/W2891608639","https://openalex.org/W2950502909","https://openalex.org/W2992642036","https://openalex.org/W3217046821"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W121859461","https://openalex.org/W2739907664","https://openalex.org/W938449144","https://openalex.org/W2534226475","https://openalex.org/W355111815","https://openalex.org/W2802719404","https://openalex.org/W6906832260","https://openalex.org/W96745242","https://openalex.org/W2555114332","https://openalex.org/W2995196736"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"study,":[1],"using":[2],"a":[3,24,107,210,227,251],"repeated":[4],"measures":[5],"design":[6],"with":[7,39,48,129,149,168,176,194,207,224,263,293,323,327],"alternating":[8],"treatments,":[9],"measured":[10],"the":[11,16,20,30,89,98,102,117,139,147,160,174,188,192,203,205,214,217,222,231,234,239,242,254,269,283,299,313,330,341,346],"effectiveness":[12],"of":[13,26,34,64,73,97,101,116,213,216,230,233,238,241,253],"traditional":[14,113,280,287,310,318],"instruction,":[15,114,340],"RAP":[17,143,218,243,270,314,342],"Paraphrasing":[18,144,219,244,271,315,343],"Strategy,":[19,220,344],"semantic-mapping":[21,164,235,246,284,300,347],"strategy,":[22],"and":[23,42,106,173,245,273,302,325,345],"combination":[25],"these":[27,65],"strategies":[28,66,81,109,247,338],"on":[29],"reading":[31,108,136,157,186,332],"comprehension":[32],"skills":[33],"11":[35],"English":[36,57],"learners":[37],"(ELs)":[38],"learning":[40,49],"disabilities":[41,50],"8":[43],"fully":[44],"English-proficient":[45],"students":[46,60],"(FEPs)":[47],"(LD)":[51],"in":[52,70,121,131,151,170,178,185,196],"two":[53],"high-school,":[54],"mild-to-moderate,":[55],"special-day,":[56],"classes.":[58,84],"The":[59,75,127,166],"were":[61,86,248],"taught":[62,78,335],"each":[63],"for":[67],"540":[68],"minutes":[69],"9":[71],"days":[72],"instruction.":[74,288,319],"same":[76],"teacher":[77],"all":[79,115,336],"three":[80,337],"to":[82],"both":[83,171],"Data":[85],"gathered":[87],"from":[88,276,306],"IDEA":[90],"Oral":[91],"Language":[92],"Proficiency":[93],"Test,":[94,105],"alternate":[95],"forms":[96],"Comprehension":[99],"subtest":[100],"Gates-MacGinitie":[103],"Reading":[104],"steps":[110,215,232,240],"quiz.":[111],"After":[112],"groups":[118],"made":[119,134,154,181,199],"gains":[120,137,158,184,333],"reading,":[122],"although":[123],"not":[124],"statistically":[125,155,182],"significant.":[126],"ELs":[128,167,206,262,322],"LD":[130,150,169,177,195,208,225,264,294,324,328],"Class":[132,152,179,197],"1":[133,198],"strong":[135,200],"following":[138,159,279,286,309,317],"first":[140,161],"intervention":[141,162],"(the":[142,163],"Strategy),":[145],"whereas":[146,191,221],"FEPs":[148,175,193,223,292,326],"2":[153,180],"significant":[156,183],"strategy).":[165,348],"classes":[172],"after":[187],"second":[189],"intervention,":[190],"gains.":[201],"Following":[202],"interventions,":[204],"remembered":[209,226,249],"higher":[211,228],"percentage":[212,229],"strategy.":[236],"Each":[237],"by":[250],"majority":[252],"students.":[255],"It":[256],"can":[257],"be":[258],"concluded":[259],"that":[260],"secondary-level":[261,291,321],"may":[265,295,303],"more":[266,275,296,305],"easily":[267,297],"remember":[268,298],"Strategy":[272,316],"benefit":[274,304],"this":[277,307],"strategy":[278,285,301,308],"instruction":[281,311],"than":[282,312],"In":[289],"addition,":[290],"Finally,":[320],"make":[329],"highest":[331],"when":[334],"(traditional":[339]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-09-26T08:19:03.415552","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}