{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114807984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700120504","title":"Modernization and trends in occupational health and safety in the people's republic of China 1981\u20131986","display_name":"Modernization and trends in occupational health and safety in the people's republic of China 1981\u20131986","publication_year":1987,"publication_date":"1987-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114807984","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700120504","mag":"2114807984","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3687948"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/ajim.4700120504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700120504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700120504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109435702","display_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","issn_l":"0271-3586","issn":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066916666","display_name":"Margaret Quinn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-9996","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0544-9996"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I166722992","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School","ror":"https://ror.org/0464eyp60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Margaret M. Quinn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Occupational Health Program, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01605"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Occupational Health Program, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester 01605","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I166722992"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018175118","display_name":"Laura Punnett","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-9946","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9270-9946"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Laura Punnett","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Ergonomics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Ergonomics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091331939","display_name":"David C. Christiani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-0242","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0301-0242"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136199984","display_name":"Harvard University","ror":"https://ror.org/03vek6s52","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Christiani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Occupational Health Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Occupational Health Program, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136199984"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027784460","display_name":"Charles Levenstein","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I140172145","display_name":"University of Connecticut","ror":"https://ror.org/02der9h97","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Levenstein","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Management, University of Lowell, and Department of Economics, University of Connecticut at Hartford, West Harford, CT"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Management, University of Lowell, and Department of Economics, University of Connecticut at Hartford, West Harford, CT","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I140172145"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077219033","display_name":"David H. Wegman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-5020","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6393-5020"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David H. Wegman","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, UCLA School of Public Health, Los Angeles","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.3211,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91806199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"5","first_page":"499","last_page":"506"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13315","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety in Workplaces","score":0.9721999764442444,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3609","display_name":"Occupational Therapy"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14168","display_name":"Occupational Health and Global Justice","score":0.025699999183416367,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3306","display_name":"Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10809","display_name":"Occupational Health and Safety Research","score":0.0005000000237487257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3614","display_name":"Radiological and Ultrasound Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/36","display_name":"Health Professions"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-health-and-safety","display_name":"occupational health and safety","score":0.9300000071525574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.6990000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-modernization","display_name":"economic modernization","score":0.9739999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-hygiene","display_name":"industrial hygiene","score":0.9539999961853027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-epidemiology","display_name":"occupational epidemiology","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/occupational-health-and-safety-regulation","display_name":"occupational health and safety regulation","score":0.6029999852180481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/workplace-hazard-prevention","display_name":"workplace hazard prevention","score":0.8180000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/labor-organization","display_name":"labor organization","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/employee-health","display_name":"employee health","score":0.44699999690055847}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53844881","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856122","display_name":"Modernization theory","level":2,"score":0.7630434632301331},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.6980264186859131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.6657832860946655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187155963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629029","display_name":"Occupational safety and health","level":2,"score":0.6457971334457397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57827392","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3143849","display_name":"Occupational hygiene","level":3,"score":0.6049246191978455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777256092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q465613","display_name":"People's Republic","level":3,"score":0.5217995643615723},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49261128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132455","display_name":"Hazard","level":2,"score":0.4932543635368347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.47061043977737427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4590747058391571},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.4266005754470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99454951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932068","display_name":"Environmental health","level":1,"score":0.4067908823490143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2427157163619995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1878291368484497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.126595139503479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09087520837783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D000056","descriptor_name":"Accident Prevention","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D002681","descriptor_name":"China","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D006801","descriptor_name":"Humans","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D007221","descriptor_name":"Industry","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D007391","descriptor_name":"International Cooperation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009784","descriptor_name":"Occupational Diseases","qualifier_ui":"Q000517","qualifier_name":"prevention & control","is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D009786","descriptor_name":"Occupational Health Services","qualifier_ui":"Q000639","qualifier_name":"trends","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012449","descriptor_name":"Safety","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":true},{"descriptor_ui":"D012959","descriptor_name":"Socioeconomic Factors","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/ajim.4700120504","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700120504","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ajim.4700120504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S109435702","display_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","issn_l":"0271-3586","issn":["0271-3586","1097-0274"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["anvur-scientific","cwts-core","dongbi-c","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1","poland-70","russia-white-list-2","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American Journal of Industrial Medicine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:3687948","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3687948","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"American journal of industrial medicine","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3","score":0.8371999859809875,"display_name":"Good health and well-being"},{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.6452000141143799,"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth"}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":4,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166627571","https://openalex.org/W2326287219","https://openalex.org/W2399410797","https://openalex.org/W4300850908"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2166627571","https://openalex.org/W2078428031","https://openalex.org/W2077419340","https://openalex.org/W4300850908","https://openalex.org/W3145893022","https://openalex.org/W1482736008","https://openalex.org/W24097364","https://openalex.org/W1972391409","https://openalex.org/W2057328918","https://openalex.org/W2391189331"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Exchanges":[0],"between":[1],"U.S.":[2],"and":[3,44,54,61,93,96,112,115],"Chinese":[4,57],"professionals":[5,60],"have":[6,64],"provided":[7],"opportunities":[8],"for":[9,31],"observation":[10],"of":[11,68,76,79,90,108],"recent":[12],"developments":[13],"in":[14,17,51,81],"occupational":[15,58,82],"health":[16,42,59,71,83,94],"China.":[18],"For":[19],"the":[20,74,88,106],"past":[21],"decade,":[22],"China":[23],"has":[24],"been":[25],"committed":[26],"to":[27,104],"an":[28,98],"unprecedented":[29],"drive":[30],"economic":[32],"modernization,":[33],"including":[34],"new":[35],"policies":[36],"on":[37,100],"ownership,":[38],"business":[39],"management,":[40],"employment,":[41],"care,":[43],"disability":[45],"as":[46,48],"well":[47],"increased":[49],"activity":[50],"heavy,":[52],"light,":[53],"service":[55],"industries.":[56],"labor":[62],"organizations":[63],"set":[65],"a":[66],"goal":[67],"modernizing":[69],"worker":[70],"along":[72],"with":[73],"rest":[75],"society.":[77],"Examples":[78],"advances":[80],"occurring":[84],"since":[85],"1981":[86],"are":[87],"coordination":[89],"industrial":[91],"hygiene":[92],"research":[95],"services,":[97],"emphasis":[99],"epidemiology,":[101],"interdisciplinary":[102],"approaches":[103],"problem-solving,":[105],"pretesting":[107],"toxic":[109],"substances,":[110],"regulation":[111],"standard":[113],"setting,":[114],"on-site":[116],"workplace":[117],"hazard":[118],"prevention.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-10-31T12:09:11.096373","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
