{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114789342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/188623","title":"Precursors to potential severe core damage accidents: 1994, a status report. Volume 21: Main report and appendices A--H","display_name":"Precursors to potential severe core damage accidents: 1994, a status report. Volume 21: Main report and appendices A--H","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114789342","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/188623","mag":"2114789342"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.2172/188623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/188623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/188623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)","raw_type":"report"},"volume":null,"type":"report","is_traditional":false,"indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/188623","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147688469","display_name":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States). Div. of Safety Programs","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147667604","display_name":"R Belles","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R Belles","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5147688469","display_name":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5159393171","display_name":"TN (United States) Oak Ridge National Lab. (ORNL)","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073778891","display_name":"J.W. Cletcher","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Cletcher","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084225204","display_name":"D.A. Copinger","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D Copinger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081796258","display_name":"L.N. Vanden Heuvel","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"L Vanden Heuvel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085606785","display_name":"B.W. Dolan","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B Dolan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084708476","display_name":"J.W. Minarick","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1289243028","display_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/01qz5mb56","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028","https://openalex.org/I1330989302","https://openalex.org/I39565521","https://openalex.org/I4210159294"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J Minarick","raw_affiliation_strings":["Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Oak Ridge National Lab., TN (United States)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1289243028"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.61080002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.61080002784729,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13923","display_name":"Nuclear and radioactivity studies","score":0.18140000104904175,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2213","display_name":"Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12560","display_name":"Nuclear Engineering Thermal-Hydraulics","score":0.16210000216960907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2104","display_name":"Nuclear Energy and Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/21","display_name":"Energy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-core-damage","display_name":"severe core damage","score":0.9020000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/light-water-reactors","display_name":"light water reactors","score":0.656000018119812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-events","display_name":"operational events","score":0.6579999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precursor-events","display_name":"precursor events","score":0.5479999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conditional-probability","display_name":"conditional probability","score":0.7319999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-reactor-safety","display_name":"nuclear reactor safety","score":0.6480000019073486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/licensee-event-reports","display_name":"licensee event reports","score":0.7509999871253967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nuclear-power-plant-design","display_name":"nuclear power plant design","score":0.4359999895095825}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56666940","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788790","display_name":"Documentation","level":2,"score":0.5942268371582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.4852013885974884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020782553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8880","display_name":"European commission","level":3,"score":0.42732343077659607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779057293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6543058","display_name":"Licensee","level":3,"score":0.41780030727386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.4176497459411621},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776034101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1509347","display_name":"Commission","level":2,"score":0.4128859043121338},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.4065386652946472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.4004562497138977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3832683861255646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.3581528961658478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116915560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83504","display_name":"Nuclear engineering","level":1,"score":0.33991408348083496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.3317985534667969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77595967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3151013","display_name":"Forensic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3218050003051758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.30414944887161255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2433324158191681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17036142945289612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.1589636504650116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780560020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79719","display_name":"License","level":2,"score":0.1478099226951599},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.1373055875301361},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.10825935006141663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105639569","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q582577","display_name":"Economic policy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910001868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q458","display_name":"European union","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.2172/188623","doi":"https://doi.org/10.2172/188623","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.2172/188623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), Oak Ridge, TN (United States)","raw_type":"report"},{"id":"pmh:info:ark/67531/metadc665429","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc665429/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400792","display_name":"University of North Texas Digital Library (University of North Texas)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I123534392","host_organization_name":"University of North Texas","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I123534392"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Report"},{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:188623","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/188623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:osti.gov:188623","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.osti.gov/biblio/188623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402487","display_name":"OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139351228","host_organization_name":"Office of Scientific and Technical Information","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139351228"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2200829485","https://openalex.org/W2263572598","https://openalex.org/W2063991729","https://openalex.org/W167697367","https://openalex.org/W7160298184","https://openalex.org/W2261539807","https://openalex.org/W2018263523","https://openalex.org/W263961532","https://openalex.org/W1995981008","https://openalex.org/W1524181779"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nine":[0],"operational":[1],"events":[2,28,47,86,98,169],"that":[3,13,63,80,90,128],"affected":[4],"eleven":[5],"commercial":[6,58],"light-water":[7],"reactors":[8],"(LWRs)":[9],"during":[10],"1994":[11,53],"and":[12,73,93,120,123,132,152,166,172,198],"are":[14,24],"considered":[15],"to":[16,19,41,60,79,126,135],"be":[17,65],"precursors":[18,69,113],"potential":[20,66],"severe":[21,34,180],"core":[22,35,181],"damage":[23,36,182],"described.":[25],"All":[26],"these":[27],"had":[29],"conditional":[30,176],"probabilities":[31,177],"of":[32,146,168,175,178],"subsequent":[33,179],"greater":[37],"than":[38],"or":[39],"equal":[40],"1.0":[42],"{times}":[43],"10{sup":[44],"{minus}6}.":[45],"These":[46],"were":[48,70,114,138],"identified":[49],"by":[50,100,118],"computer-screening":[51],"the":[52,95,101,129,136,158,164,173,195],"licensee":[54],"event":[55],"reports":[56],"from":[57],"LWRs":[59],"identify":[61],"those":[62],"could":[64],"precursors.":[67,96],"Candidate":[68],"then":[71],"selected":[72],"evaluated":[74,150],"in":[75,82,189],"a":[76,108,144],"process":[77],"similar":[78,109],"used":[81],"previous":[83],"assessments.":[84],"Selected":[85],"underwent":[87,107],"engineering":[88],"evaluation":[89],"identified,":[91],"analyzed,":[92],"documented":[94,112],"Other":[97],"designated":[99],"Nuclear":[102],"Regulatory":[103],"Commission":[104],"(NRC)":[105],"also":[106],"evaluation.":[110],"Finally,":[111],"submitted":[115],"for":[116,161,183],"review":[117],"licensees":[119],"NRC":[121],"headquarters":[122],"regional":[124],"offices":[125],"ensure":[127],"plant":[130],"design":[131],"its":[133],"response":[134],"precursor":[137],"correctly":[139],"characterized.":[140],"This":[141,185],"study":[142],"is":[143,187],"continuation":[145],"earlier":[147],"work,":[148],"which":[149],"1969--1981":[151],"1984--1993":[153],"events.":[154,184],"The":[155],"report":[156,197],"discusses":[157],"general":[159],"rationale":[160],"this":[162],"study,":[163],"selection":[165],"documentation":[167],"as":[170],"precursors,":[171],"estimation":[174],"document":[186],"bound":[188],"two":[190],"volumes:":[191],"Vol.":[192,201],"21":[193],"contains":[194,203],"main":[196],"Appendices":[199],"A--H;":[200],"22":[202],"Appendix":[204],"1.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-11-07T11:25:07.637180","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
