{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114709863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0304016","title":"Quantum Computing and Error Correction","display_name":"Quantum Computing and Error Correction","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-04-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114709863","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0304016","mag":"2114709863"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/0304016","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0304016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0304016","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"volume":null,"type":"preprint","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0304016","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039762638","display_name":"Andrew M. Steane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-4133","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7689-4133"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Steane, A. M.","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre for Quantum Computation , Department of Physics , University of Oxford ,","Clarendon Laboratory , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PU , England"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre for Quantum Computation , Department of Physics , University of Oxford ,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Clarendon Laboratory , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PU , England","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039762638"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10682","display_name":"Quantum Computing Algorithms and Architecture","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10020","display_name":"Quantum Information and Cryptography","score":0.000699999975040555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11130","display_name":"Coding theory and cryptography","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2607","display_name":"Discrete Mathematics and Combinatorics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-correction","display_name":"quantum error correction","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-error-correcting-codes","display_name":"quantum error-correcting codes","score":0.9259999990463257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/syndrome-extraction","display_name":"syndrome extraction","score":0.8230000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pauli-operators","display_name":"Pauli operators","score":0.9079999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-immunity","display_name":"noise immunity","score":0.7710000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-computing","display_name":"quantum computing","score":0.37299999594688416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58053490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176555","display_name":"Quantum computer","level":3,"score":0.5177320837974548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5162877440452576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51003876","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1536431","display_name":"Quantum error correction","level":4,"score":0.4895097017288208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103088060","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062839","display_name":"Error detection and correction","level":2,"score":0.46218574047088623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84114770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46344","display_name":"Quantum","level":2,"score":0.42644965648651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.2942458987236023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1799686849117279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1586974561214447}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/0304016","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0304016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0304016","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.205.5183","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.205.5183","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.hep.princeton.edu/%7Emcdonald/examples/QM/steane_quant-ph-0304016.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.251.7811","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.251.7811","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0304016v2.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.251.8921","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.251.8921","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0304016v1.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cds.cern.ch:611344","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://cds.cern.ch/record/611344","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402195","display_name":"CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0304016","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0304016","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.quant-ph/0304016","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:quant-ph/0304016","doi":null,"is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/quant-ph/0304016","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/0304016","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2114709863.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2114709863.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W101435204","https://openalex.org/W1556729165","https://openalex.org/W1631356911","https://openalex.org/W1969246646","https://openalex.org/W1969329609","https://openalex.org/W1972603977","https://openalex.org/W1999706070","https://openalex.org/W2042474962","https://openalex.org/W2051063637","https://openalex.org/W2052169397","https://openalex.org/W2060887031","https://openalex.org/W2069711632","https://openalex.org/W2076731849","https://openalex.org/W2087256203","https://openalex.org/W2089983911","https://openalex.org/W2091331782","https://openalex.org/W2092105345","https://openalex.org/W2114207424","https://openalex.org/W2128164182","https://openalex.org/W2131690084","https://openalex.org/W2135537429","https://openalex.org/W2145801399","https://openalex.org/W2145839082","https://openalex.org/W2153553676","https://openalex.org/W2167413626","https://openalex.org/W2167927798","https://openalex.org/W2763302490","https://openalex.org/W2963809419","https://openalex.org/W3037315640","https://openalex.org/W3101092369","https://openalex.org/W3104100960","https://openalex.org/W6966837997"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4299444836","https://openalex.org/W3033331243","https://openalex.org/W2884662601","https://openalex.org/W7162773079","https://openalex.org/W2087256203","https://openalex.org/W4237043382","https://openalex.org/W2594128903","https://openalex.org/W4394649137","https://openalex.org/W7097722501","https://openalex.org/W2481449660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"main":[1],"ideas":[2],"of":[3,13,28,31,42,57,88,101,111],"quantum":[4,33,50,81,113],"error":[5,15,51,82],"correction":[6,83],"are":[7,10,75],"introduced.":[8],"These":[9],"encoding,":[11],"extraction":[12],"syndromes,":[14],"operators,":[16],"and":[17,26,79,103],"code":[18,53],"construction.":[19],"It":[20],"is":[21,68,115],"shown":[22],"that":[23,70],"general":[24],"noise":[25,67,96,102],"relaxation":[27],"a":[29,40,55,85,108,112],"set":[30],"2-state":[32],"systems":[34],"can":[35],"always":[36],"be":[37,61],"understood":[38],"as":[39],"combination":[41],"Pauli":[43],"operators":[44],"acting":[45],"on":[46],"the":[47,66,71,94,99,106],"system.":[48],"Each":[49],"correcting":[52],"allows":[54],"subset":[56],"these":[58],"errors":[59,74],"to":[60,77,92],"corrected.":[62],"In":[63,90],"many":[64],"situations":[65],"such":[69],"remaining":[72],"uncorrectable":[73],"unlikely":[76],"arise,":[78],"hence":[80],"has":[84],"high":[86],"probability":[87],"success.":[89],"order":[91],"achieve":[93],"best":[95],"tolerance":[97],"in":[98],"presence":[100],"imprecision":[104],"throughout":[105],"computer,":[107],"hierarchical":[109],"construction":[110],"computer":[114],"proposed.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-10T11:39:43.021295","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
