{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114249289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004166","title":"Congressional Reform and Party Discipline: The Effects of Changes in the Seniority System on Party Loyalty in the US House of Representatives","display_name":"Congressional Reform and Party Discipline: The Effects of Changes in the Seniority System on Party Loyalty in the US House of Representatives","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114249289","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004166","mag":"2114249289"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0007123400004166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004166","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95691132","display_name":"British Journal of Political Science","issn_l":"0007-1234","issn":["0007-1234","1469-2112"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Political Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070770613","display_name":"Sara Brandes Crook","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126307644","display_name":"University of Iowa","ror":"https://ror.org/036jqmy94","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sara Brandes Crook","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Iowa, "],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Iowa, ","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126307644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052090039","display_name":"John R. Hibbing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-2459","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6922-2459"]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John R. Hibbing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Political Science"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Political Science","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3550,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3550},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":8.2069,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96700011,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"2","first_page":"207","last_page":"226"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10108","display_name":"Electoral Systems and Political Participation","score":0.9922000169754028,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13988","display_name":"Public Administration and Governance","score":0.001500000013038516,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13445","display_name":"American Constitutional Law and Politics","score":0.0012000000569969416,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/congressional-reform","display_name":"congressional reform","score":0.8849999904632568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/party-discipline","display_name":"party discipline","score":0.8700000047683716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seniority-system","display_name":"seniority system","score":0.8920000195503235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-affiliation","display_name":"political affiliation","score":0.9480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/institutional-inertia","display_name":"institutional inertia","score":0.75},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/legal-reform","display_name":"legal reform","score":0.640999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/u-s-house-of-representatives","display_name":"United States House of Representatives","score":0.8880000114440918}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780783599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1931779","display_name":"Seniority","level":2,"score":0.9315364360809326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776967331","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1132131","display_name":"Loyalty","level":2,"score":0.7253395915031433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83009810","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11204","display_name":"Legislature","level":2,"score":0.6004409790039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.5744628310203552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780849931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145277","display_name":"House of Representatives","level":3,"score":0.5606057643890381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780510313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178706","display_name":"Institution","level":2,"score":0.4871177673339844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780451532","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q759676","display_name":"Task (project management)","level":2,"score":0.45922863483428955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.45654937624931335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.45169776678085327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190253527","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q295354","display_name":"Law and economics","level":1,"score":0.3221597671508789},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.302664577960968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.24006924033164978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.12670093774795532},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.07036185264587402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1017/s0007123400004166","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004166","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0007123400004166","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S95691132","display_name":"British Journal of Political Science","issn_l":"0007-1234","issn":["0007-1234","1469-2112"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["abdc-a-star","anvur-class-a","anvur-scientific","cwts-core","doaj","erih-plus","jufo-3","norway-2","poland-200","russia-white-list-1","vabb-shw"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310311721","host_organization_name":"Cambridge University Press","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310311721","https://openalex.org/P4310311702"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Cambridge University Press","University of Cambridge"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"British Journal of Political Science","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:cup:bjposi:v:15:y:1985:i:02:p:207-226_00","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0007123400004166/type/journal_article","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6601999998092651}],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, justice, and strong institutions","score":0.6700000166893005}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W595781930","https://openalex.org/W598914937","https://openalex.org/W1483275457","https://openalex.org/W1496014106","https://openalex.org/W1594677728","https://openalex.org/W1999954270","https://openalex.org/W2024400721","https://openalex.org/W2030511453","https://openalex.org/W2068299843","https://openalex.org/W2075068891","https://openalex.org/W2075125266","https://openalex.org/W2094647264","https://openalex.org/W2098337387","https://openalex.org/W2143454429","https://openalex.org/W2158747611","https://openalex.org/W2164540423","https://openalex.org/W2171406876","https://openalex.org/W2315679976","https://openalex.org/W2322202862","https://openalex.org/W2322373554","https://openalex.org/W2323456873","https://openalex.org/W2329415780","https://openalex.org/W2332742371","https://openalex.org/W2333838200","https://openalex.org/W2797385006","https://openalex.org/W2797691521","https://openalex.org/W2797842723","https://openalex.org/W2800659152","https://openalex.org/W3140882684","https://openalex.org/W3183251151","https://openalex.org/W4243234807","https://openalex.org/W4243934071","https://openalex.org/W6992397686"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057353804","https://openalex.org/W2171406876","https://openalex.org/W6906663199","https://openalex.org/W1963625660","https://openalex.org/W7221503848","https://openalex.org/W2562481","https://openalex.org/W2124465967","https://openalex.org/W2013057502","https://openalex.org/W2804436123","https://openalex.org/W2142823905"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"US":[1],"House":[2],"of":[3,8,67,76,83,102,127,134,142],"Representatives":[4],"underwent":[5],"a":[6,57,71],"series":[7],"reforms":[9,40,69],"in":[10,19,45,73,80,99,113,130,149],"the":[11,17,39,46,51,68,74,77,81,100,131,140,150],"1970s":[12],"which,":[13],"on":[14],"paper,":[15],"changed":[16],"institution":[18],"fundamental":[20],"ways.":[21],"Often,":[22],"however,":[23],"institutional":[24],"inertia":[25],"is":[26],"able":[27,118],"to":[28,43,60,119,145],"transform":[29],"important":[30,132],"\u2018paper\u2019":[31],"changes":[32],"into":[33],"barely":[34],"discernible":[35],"actual":[36],"changes.":[37],"Have":[38],"really":[41],"led":[42],"alterations":[44,98],"way":[47],"Congress":[48],"operates":[49],"and":[50,87],"policies":[52],"it":[53,89],"produces?":[54],"To":[55],"provide":[56,120],"partial":[58],"answer":[59],"this":[61,114],"question,":[62],"we":[63,116],"single":[64],"out":[65],"one":[66,94],"\u2013":[70,86,97],"change":[72,148],"application":[75],"seniority":[78],"system":[79],"selection":[82],"committee":[84],"chairmen":[85],"analyse":[88],"with":[90],"an":[91],"eye":[92],"towards":[93],"hypothesized":[95],"effect":[96],"level":[101],"party":[103],"support":[104],"among":[105],"key":[106],"representatives.":[107],"But":[108],"by":[109],"restricting":[110],"our":[111],"study":[112],"manner,":[115],"are":[117],"specific":[121],"empirical":[122],"facts":[123],"which":[124],"should":[125],"be":[126],"considerable":[128],"assistance":[129],"task":[133],"formulating":[135],"more":[136],"generalized":[137],"conclusions":[138],"about":[139],"ability":[141],"legislative":[143],"reform":[144],"produce":[146],"real":[147],"governing":[151],"process.":[152]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}