{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114199455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.391285","title":"A methodology for human-machine systems research: knowledge engineering, modeling, and simulation","display_name":"A methodology for human-machine systems research: knowledge engineering, modeling, and simulation","publication_year":1995,"publication_date":"1995-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114199455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.391285","mag":"2114199455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/21.391285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.391285","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.391285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039931028","display_name":"Patricia M. Jones","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-5774","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1519-5774"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"P.M. Jones","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Dept. of Mech. & Ind. Eng., Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Mech. & Ind. Eng., Illinois Univ., Urbana, IL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019084405","display_name":"Rongtai Chu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5319-8035","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0009-0005-5319-8035"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82514191","display_name":"Honeywell (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02t71h845","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82514191"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R.W. Chu","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Honeywell Technology Center, Honeywell, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Honeywell Technology Center, Honeywell, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82514191"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002301300","display_name":"CHRISTINE M. MITCHELL","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-281X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8211-281X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C.M. Mitchell","raw_affiliation_strings":["[Center for Human-Machine Systems Research, School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Center for Human-Machine Systems Research, School of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.9631,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94874734,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"25","issue":"7","first_page":"1025","last_page":"1038"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.8564000129699707,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10470","display_name":"Usability and User Interface Design","score":0.02630000002682209,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12000","display_name":"Systems Engineering Methodologies and Applications","score":0.025800000876188278,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human-machine-systems","display_name":"human-machine systems","score":0.9390000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-engineering","display_name":"knowledge engineering","score":0.8500000238418579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-systems","display_name":"expert systems","score":0.7139999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-architecture","display_name":"knowledge architecture","score":0.6930000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-simulation","display_name":"real-time simulation","score":0.8389999866485596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-requirements","display_name":"knowledge requirements","score":0.8479999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/intelligent-system-design","display_name":"intelligent system design","score":0.8130000233650208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/technology-transfer","display_name":"technology transfer","score":0.7160000205039978}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7168136835098267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.5403156280517578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.5155394077301025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.5006160736083984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4948551058769226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207685749","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2088941","display_name":"Domain knowledge","level":2,"score":0.49324530363082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.45401185750961304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4398338198661804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4334952235221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146047270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q469666","display_name":"Human\u2013machine system","level":2,"score":0.4289205074310303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115925183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1412694","display_name":"Knowledge-based systems","level":2,"score":0.41542285680770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.4119173586368561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3656785488128662},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.16969674825668335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.08620429039001465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/21.391285","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.391285","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/21.391285","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S76152103","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems Man and Cybernetics","issn_l":"0018-9472","issn":["0018-9472","2168-2909"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":["norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309029","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309321","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313494","display_name":"John Carroll University","ror":"https://ror.org/001gmya32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332377","display_name":"Goddard Space Flight Center","ror":"https://ror.org/0171mag52"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W234529559","https://openalex.org/W285935642","https://openalex.org/W1557496348","https://openalex.org/W1600954651","https://openalex.org/W1758602118","https://openalex.org/W1773440208","https://openalex.org/W1944928974","https://openalex.org/W1982629367","https://openalex.org/W1996895849","https://openalex.org/W1998580041","https://openalex.org/W2027053952","https://openalex.org/W2037146600","https://openalex.org/W2042355106","https://openalex.org/W2058195341","https://openalex.org/W2084366381","https://openalex.org/W2111029104","https://openalex.org/W2125384734","https://openalex.org/W2130959713","https://openalex.org/W2132558375","https://openalex.org/W2133586109","https://openalex.org/W2133846670","https://openalex.org/W2134400727","https://openalex.org/W2142359315","https://openalex.org/W2151120620","https://openalex.org/W2153715107","https://openalex.org/W2154601565","https://openalex.org/W2156012572","https://openalex.org/W2163322071","https://openalex.org/W2322497792","https://openalex.org/W2466789542","https://openalex.org/W2500367720","https://openalex.org/W2902287584","https://openalex.org/W2914420373","https://openalex.org/W2938167505","https://openalex.org/W4242750459","https://openalex.org/W4248085210"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971383267","https://openalex.org/W772647187","https://openalex.org/W2617360243","https://openalex.org/W333073036","https://openalex.org/W4401496377","https://openalex.org/W2944468882","https://openalex.org/W2468059410","https://openalex.org/W2087274810","https://openalex.org/W4236978197","https://openalex.org/W2289297131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,36,43,91,116],"methodology":[4],"for":[5,22,76,97,124],"carrying":[6],"out":[7],"human-machine":[8,41,100,128],"systems":[9,101],"engineering":[10],"research":[11,126],"and":[12,24,50,65,69,94,103],"in":[13,127],"particular":[14],"focuses":[15],"on":[16],"the":[17,31,48,61,70,74,77,122],"development":[18],"of":[19,33,40,79,115],"knowledge-based":[20],"support":[21],"training":[23],"aiding.":[25],"The":[26,56,67,82,108],"process":[27],"is":[28,110,137],"characterized":[29],"by":[30],"definition":[32],"knowledge":[34,44,57,63,71],"requirements,":[35],"normative":[37],"model":[38,68],"structure":[39],"interaction,":[42],"architecture":[45,72],"that":[46,89,120],"implements":[47],"model,":[49,62],"an":[51,86,113],"interactive":[52],"real-time":[53],"simulation":[54,83],"environment.":[55],"requirements":[58],"largely":[59],"specify":[60],"architecture,":[64],"simulation.":[66],"are":[73],"basis":[75],"design":[78],"intelligent":[80],"systems.":[81],"serves":[84],"as":[85],"experimental":[87],"testbed":[88],"provides":[90],"feasible,":[92],"safe,":[93],"effective":[95],"means":[96],"exploring":[98],"alternative":[99],"designs":[102],"also":[104],"facilitates":[105],"technology":[106],"transfer.":[107],"aim":[109],"to":[111],"create":[112],"understanding":[114],"complex":[117],"work":[118],"domain":[119],"forms":[121],"context":[123],"ongoing":[125],"interaction.":[129],"A":[130],"specific":[131],"example":[132],"from":[133],"satellite":[134],"ground":[135],"control":[136],"described.<":[138],">":[139]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-10-16T09:59:22.235173","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}
