{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114020047","doi":null,"title":"An analysis of the concept criticality in adult education","display_name":"An analysis of the concept criticality in adult education","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114020047","mag":"2114020047"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pqdtoai.proquest.com:3324824","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3324824","pdf_url":"http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3324824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064308","display_name":"ProQuest Demo Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"thesis"},"volume":null,"type":"dissertation","is_traditional":true,"indexed_in":[],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021100220","display_name":"Bernadine W. Raiskums","orcid":null,"observed_orcids":[]},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Bernadine W. Raiskums","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5021100220"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12345","display_name":"Adult and Continuing Education Topics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12345","display_name":"Adult and Continuing Education Topics","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11715","display_name":"Education and Critical Thinking Development","score":0.0003000000142492354,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13737","display_name":"Critical and Liberation Pedagogy","score":9.999999747378752e-05,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/criticality","display_name":"criticality","score":0.9490000009536743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adult-education","display_name":"adult education","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conceptual-analysis","display_name":"conceptual analysis","score":0.859000027179718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-thinking","display_name":"critical thinking","score":0.9070000052452087},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-reflection","display_name":"critical reflection","score":1.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/working-definition","display_name":"working definition","score":0.625}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90734943","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008777","display_name":"Conceptualization","level":2,"score":0.8452754020690918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780522230","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140419","display_name":"Ambiguity","level":2,"score":0.6352688074111938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125611927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008131","display_name":"Criticality","level":2,"score":0.5943604111671448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5468140244483948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44493715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1319035","display_name":"Adult education","level":2,"score":0.5217422246932983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.48923397064208984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776825360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411921","display_name":"Vagueness","level":3,"score":0.4478239119052887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776291640","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2912517","display_name":"Value (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.44209355115890503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.4265994131565094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.3444925546646118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3377479314804077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.2552640736103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.24341055750846863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11053475737571716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q224821","display_name":"Fuzzy logic","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185544564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81197","display_name":"Nuclear physics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:pqdtoai.proquest.com:3324824","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3324824","pdf_url":"http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3324824","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407064308","display_name":"ProQuest Demo Repository","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"thesis"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.555.6789","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.555.6789","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://media.proquest.com/media/pq/classic/doc/1584073261/fmt/ai/rep/NPDF?_s=vMNyYypzCxQrRWdbCubeMN%2FgGhI%3D","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:2114020047","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gradworks.umi.com/3324824.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality education","score":0.8278999924659729}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":218,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W10633375","https://openalex.org/W26769412","https://openalex.org/W37533618","https://openalex.org/W38619264","https://openalex.org/W44357694","https://openalex.org/W57884338","https://openalex.org/W63938883","https://openalex.org/W66167792","https://openalex.org/W70615801","https://openalex.org/W103596329","https://openalex.org/W107743477","https://openalex.org/W114186339","https://openalex.org/W136275991","https://openalex.org/W145152619","https://openalex.org/W173942407","https://openalex.org/W193774226","https://openalex.org/W194731860","https://openalex.org/W199522124","https://openalex.org/W218037070","https://openalex.org/W243634201","https://openalex.org/W271713563","https://openalex.org/W281660360","https://openalex.org/W282301837","https://openalex.org/W363715222","https://openalex.org/W579683789","https://openalex.org/W587341914","https://openalex.org/W599204659","https://openalex.org/W631429048","https://openalex.org/W636443412","https://openalex.org/W642900393","https://openalex.org/W643983451","https://openalex.org/W658122736","https://openalex.org/W829202679","https://openalex.org/W1480991501","https://openalex.org/W1481066112","https://openalex.org/W1487996376","https://openalex.org/W1493735179","https://openalex.org/W1494886619","https://openalex.org/W1502798918","https://openalex.org/W1508546187","https://openalex.org/W1515594510","https://openalex.org/W1521316951","https://openalex.org/W1526703352","https://openalex.org/W1534144404","https://openalex.org/W1534799940","https://openalex.org/W1535483610","https://openalex.org/W1542845163","https://openalex.org/W1550985370","https://openalex.org/W1551574308","https://openalex.org/W1556062074","https://openalex.org/W1556215917","https://openalex.org/W1559421096","https://openalex.org/W1566043400","https://openalex.org/W1582458540","https://openalex.org/W1584524870","https://openalex.org/W1589140433","https://openalex.org/W1597018565","https://openalex.org/W1605942910","https://openalex.org/W1761532006","https://openalex.org/W1866345109","https://openalex.org/W1963681902","https://openalex.org/W1963683265","https://openalex.org/W1964675678","https://openalex.org/W1964954535","https://openalex.org/W1966764075","https://openalex.org/W1967420671","https://openalex.org/W1968202052","https://openalex.org/W1968233994","https://openalex.org/W1970689833","https://openalex.org/W1974570809","https://openalex.org/W1974639476","https://openalex.org/W1974807600","https://openalex.org/W1981686813","https://openalex.org/W1982030566","https://openalex.org/W1985123379","https://openalex.org/W1985971612","https://openalex.org/W1991605115","https://openalex.org/W1992060643","https://openalex.org/W1994218995","https://openalex.org/W1999239104","https://openalex.org/W1999583510","https://openalex.org/W2004633804","https://openalex.org/W2004950695","https://openalex.org/W2005061283","https://openalex.org/W2005229678","https://openalex.org/W2005273337","https://openalex.org/W2005820103","https://openalex.org/W2006897872","https://openalex.org/W2007948804","https://openalex.org/W2009911812","https://openalex.org/W2010019389","https://openalex.org/W2011963740","https://openalex.org/W2016037934","https://openalex.org/W2022475208","https://openalex.org/W2026964292","https://openalex.org/W2027375572","https://openalex.org/W2028214947","https://openalex.org/W2028813936","https://openalex.org/W2029728731","https://openalex.org/W2033677459","https://openalex.org/W2033921789","https://openalex.org/W2041333115","https://openalex.org/W2044990580","https://openalex.org/W2045282267","https://openalex.org/W2045282640","https://openalex.org/W2045957371","https://openalex.org/W2047338267","https://openalex.org/W2051539148","https://openalex.org/W2053759227","https://openalex.org/W2054552172","https://openalex.org/W2056539775","https://openalex.org/W2057192599","https://openalex.org/W2059517889","https://openalex.org/W2060884141","https://openalex.org/W2063210364","https://openalex.org/W2066465274","https://openalex.org/W2068266564","https://openalex.org/W2072049204","https://openalex.org/W2073492147","https://openalex.org/W2073950325","https://openalex.org/W2074121493","https://openalex.org/W2074245810","https://openalex.org/W2077713812","https://openalex.org/W2079297750","https://openalex.org/W2082568599","https://openalex.org/W2087047117","https://openalex.org/W2087971951","https://openalex.org/W2088965058","https://openalex.org/W2091399230","https://openalex.org/W2092422280","https://openalex.org/W2092831981","https://openalex.org/W2092902287","https://openalex.org/W2096202163","https://openalex.org/W2096627955","https://openalex.org/W2101430714","https://openalex.org/W2102203978","https://openalex.org/W2104565576","https://openalex.org/W2109589906","https://openalex.org/W2109618405","https://openalex.org/W2110405233","https://openalex.org/W2112801847","https://openalex.org/W2113651478","https://openalex.org/W2113666547","https://openalex.org/W2113904039","https://openalex.org/W2114246151","https://openalex.org/W2117760208","https://openalex.org/W2126674131","https://openalex.org/W2126887535","https://openalex.org/W2127643522","https://openalex.org/W2134106014","https://openalex.org/W2139047067","https://openalex.org/W2141807589","https://openalex.org/W2143181593","https://openalex.org/W2143873290","https://openalex.org/W2148911002","https://openalex.org/W2149118334","https://openalex.org/W2150724752","https://openalex.org/W2151089793","https://openalex.org/W2151843492","https://openalex.org/W2152976353","https://openalex.org/W2153842549","https://openalex.org/W2154665203","https://openalex.org/W2155044309","https://openalex.org/W2155823154","https://openalex.org/W2159070503","https://openalex.org/W2163489912","https://openalex.org/W2165844310","https://openalex.org/W2170281976","https://openalex.org/W2170552734","https://openalex.org/W2183819550","https://openalex.org/W2184099488","https://openalex.org/W2270264845","https://openalex.org/W2289001212","https://openalex.org/W2313329409","https://openalex.org/W2404721571","https://openalex.org/W2483880428","https://openalex.org/W2524006790","https://openalex.org/W2532259034","https://openalex.org/W2533027701","https://openalex.org/W2534484184","https://openalex.org/W2537692823","https://openalex.org/W2538064543","https://openalex.org/W2574002791","https://openalex.org/W2575365116","https://openalex.org/W2579933976","https://openalex.org/W2581214994","https://openalex.org/W2582593178","https://openalex.org/W2585666255","https://openalex.org/W2585845199","https://openalex.org/W2586566639","https://openalex.org/W2586825630","https://openalex.org/W2587176410","https://openalex.org/W2587513738","https://openalex.org/W2587571378","https://openalex.org/W2587660516","https://openalex.org/W2587752932","https://openalex.org/W2587882392","https://openalex.org/W2588014063","https://openalex.org/W2588831167","https://openalex.org/W2589063469","https://openalex.org/W2589089794","https://openalex.org/W2590629387","https://openalex.org/W2591568880","https://openalex.org/W2592466006","https://openalex.org/W2592804831","https://openalex.org/W2594671242","https://openalex.org/W2594755916","https://openalex.org/W2599530207","https://openalex.org/W2795404245","https://openalex.org/W2798425709","https://openalex.org/W2936563837","https://openalex.org/W2980048202","https://openalex.org/W2994038852","https://openalex.org/W2994471370","https://openalex.org/W3028490355","https://openalex.org/W3146115948","https://openalex.org/W4233522785","https://openalex.org/W4252413163"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2536028475","https://openalex.org/W1559421096","https://openalex.org/W2594755916","https://openalex.org/W188362689","https://openalex.org/W1764280902","https://openalex.org/W3109061970","https://openalex.org/W2052166978","https://openalex.org/W7100322332","https://openalex.org/W2182736915","https://openalex.org/W6944133008"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,57,156],"concept":[1,78,126,140],"criticality":[2,40,79,95,115],"has":[3,24,109],"emerged":[4],"over":[5],"the":[6,13,19,30,38,47,65,77,83,90,98,136,139,150,167,170,184,189],"past":[7,171],"25":[8],"years":[9],"as":[10,51,191,193,219],"central":[11],"to":[12,27,63,74,89,112,134],"field":[14,31,84,152,168],"of":[15,33,37,46,59,85,101,114,125,138,153,161,166,183,188,204],"adult":[16,86,102,117,154],"education.":[17,87,118,155],"At":[18],"same":[20],"time,":[21],"its":[22,142,194],"conceptualization":[23],"been":[25,110],"problematic":[26],"participants":[28],"in":[29,82,97,116,128,149],"because":[32],"vagueness":[34],"and":[35,41,44,54,73,141,147,186,200,213,227],"ambiguity":[36],"term":[39],"associate":[42],"expressions":[43],"collocations":[45],"word":[48],"critical,":[49],"such":[50],"critical":[52,55],"thinking":[53],"reflection.":[56],"purpose":[58],"this":[60,205],"study":[61,120,206],"was":[62,69,80,132,179],"address":[64],"problem":[66],"that":[67,131,175,216],"it":[68],"not":[70],"known":[71],"how,":[72],"what":[75,108],"extent,":[76],"understood":[81],"Response":[88],"research":[91,146],"question,":[92],"\"How":[93],"is":[94],"conceptualized":[96],"scholarly":[99,164],"literature":[100,165,178],"education?\"":[103],"builds":[104],"upon":[105],"but":[106],"transcends":[107],"contributed":[111],"understanding":[113],"This":[119],"applied":[121],"a":[122,159,208,220],"qualitative":[123],"method":[124,157],"analysis":[127,182],"an":[129],"approach":[130],"designed":[133],"assess":[135],"maturity":[137],"readiness":[143],"for":[144,181,222],"further":[145,223],"utilization":[148],"academic":[151],"included":[158],"review":[160],"all":[162],"available":[163],"from":[169],"ten":[172],"years.":[173],"From":[174],"review,":[176],"relevant":[177],"identified":[180],"nature":[185],"physiology":[187],"concept,":[190],"well":[192],"characteristics,":[195],"preconditions,":[196],"boundaries,":[197],"outcomes,":[198],"anatomy,":[199],"pragmatic":[201],"utility.":[202],"Results":[203],"provide":[207],"clear,":[209],"value-free":[210],"conceptual":[211],"foundation":[212],"working":[214],"definition":[215],"will":[217],"serve":[218],"heuristic":[221],"research,":[224],"theory":[225],"building,":[226],"practice.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-11-04T10:54:05.112534","created_date":"2016-06-24T00:00:00"}