{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2112856445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200700126","title":"Chemical Introduction of Reactive Thiols Into a Viral Nanoscaffold: A Method that Avoids Virus Aggregation","display_name":"Chemical Introduction of Reactive Thiols Into a Viral Nanoscaffold: A Method that Avoids Virus Aggregation","publication_year":2007,"publication_date":"2007-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2112856445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200700126","mag":"2112856445","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17526061"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/cbic.200700126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200700126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200700126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154285657","display_name":"ChemBioChem","issn_l":"1439-4227","issn":["1439-4227","1439-7633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ChemBioChem","raw_type":"journal-article"},"volume":null,"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050347786","display_name":"Nicole F. Steinmetz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-0481","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0130-0481"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100288624","display_name":"John Innes Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/055zmrh94","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100288624","https://openalex.org/I2799693246","https://openalex.org/I4210087105"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nicole F. Steinmetz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK. nicole.steinmetz@bbsrc.ac.uk","Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK, Fax: (+44)\u20091603450018"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK. nicole.steinmetz@bbsrc.ac.uk","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK, Fax: (+44)\u20091603450018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100768979","display_name":"David John Evans","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-2849","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6290-2849"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100288624","display_name":"John Innes Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/055zmrh94","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100288624","https://openalex.org/I2799693246","https://openalex.org/I4210087105"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David J. Evans","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK,","Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK, Fax: (+44)\u20091603450018"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK, Fax: (+44)\u20091603450018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091482962","display_name":"George P. Lomonossoff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-906X","observed_orcids":["https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0700-906X"]},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100288624","display_name":"John Innes Centre","ror":"https://ror.org/055zmrh94","country_code":"GB","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100288624","https://openalex.org/I2799693246","https://openalex.org/I4210087105"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George P. Lomonossoff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK,","Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK, Fax: (+44)\u20091603450018"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Colney, Norwich, Norfolk NR4 7UH, UK, Fax: (+44)\u20091603450018","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050347786"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100288624"],"apc_list":{"value":4430,"currency":"USD","value_usd":4430},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2527,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86505381,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":88,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"10","first_page":"1131","last_page":"1136"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11419","display_name":"Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials","score":0.6098999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11419","display_name":"Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Materials","score":0.6098999977111816,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2502","display_name":"Biomaterials"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/25","display_name":"Materials Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10405","display_name":"Advanced Polymer Synthesis and Characterization","score":0.1306000053882599,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1605","display_name":"Organic Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13326","display_name":"Biochemical and Structural Characterization","score":0.03959999978542328,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1312","display_name":"Molecular Biology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cowpea-mosaic-virus","display_name":"cowpea mosaic virus","score":0.890999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/viral-nanoparticles","display_name":"viral nanoparticles","score":0.9729999899864197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virus-aggregation","display_name":"virus aggregation","score":0.5860000252723694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disulfide-bonds","display_name":"disulfide bonds","score":0.9100000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thiol-labeling","display_name":"thiol labeling","score":0.6610000133514404}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776541148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4405221","display_name":"Cowpea mosaic virus","level":4,"score":0.8621591925621033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778476535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q390697","display_name":"Agarose","level":2,"score":0.7215521931648254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781324293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220410","display_name":"Thiol","level":2,"score":0.632289469242096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.5866132974624634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21951064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899212","display_name":"Combinatorial chemistry","level":1,"score":0.5771939754486084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184133267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5090480","display_name":"Chemical modification","level":2,"score":0.514561116695404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40875361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2356542","display_name":"Reagent","level":2,"score":0.45039480924606323},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778271344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q903395","display_name":"Agarose gel electrophoresis","level":3,"score":0.42654716968536377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202878990","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830465","display_name":"Capsid","level":3,"score":0.4264407753944397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.3529770076274872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43617362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170050","display_name":"Chromatography","level":1,"score":0.21895840764045715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.20613375306129456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.18456804752349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.18116697669029236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67705224","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11053","display_name":"RNA","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[{"descriptor_ui":"D003545","descriptor_name":"Cysteine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003545","descriptor_name":"Cysteine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003545","descriptor_name":"Cysteine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D003545","descriptor_name":"Cysteine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D004587","descriptor_name":"Electrophoresis, Agar Gel","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D005456","descriptor_name":"Fluorescent Dyes","qualifier_ui":"Q000494","qualifier_name":"pharmacology","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008239","descriptor_name":"Lysine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008239","descriptor_name":"Lysine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008239","descriptor_name":"Lysine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008239","descriptor_name":"Lysine","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008956","descriptor_name":"Models, Chemical","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D008958","descriptor_name":"Models, Molecular","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D009154","descriptor_name":"Mutation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012685","descriptor_name":"Sepharose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012685","descriptor_name":"Sepharose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012685","descriptor_name":"Sepharose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012685","descriptor_name":"Sepharose","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D012997","descriptor_name":"Solvents","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013438","descriptor_name":"Sulfhydryl Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013438","descriptor_name":"Sulfhydryl Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013438","descriptor_name":"Sulfhydryl Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D013438","descriptor_name":"Sulfhydryl Compounds","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014461","descriptor_name":"Ultracentrifugation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014461","descriptor_name":"Ultracentrifugation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014461","descriptor_name":"Ultracentrifugation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014461","descriptor_name":"Ultracentrifugation","qualifier_ui":null,"qualifier_name":null,"is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D014780","descriptor_name":"Viruses","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017798","descriptor_name":"Comovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017798","descriptor_name":"Comovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017798","descriptor_name":"Comovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D017798","descriptor_name":"Comovirus","qualifier_ui":"Q000378","qualifier_name":"metabolism","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036103","descriptor_name":"Nanotechnology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036103","descriptor_name":"Nanotechnology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036103","descriptor_name":"Nanotechnology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D036103","descriptor_name":"Nanotechnology","qualifier_ui":"Q000379","qualifier_name":"methods","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053758","descriptor_name":"Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053758","descriptor_name":"Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053758","descriptor_name":"Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false},{"descriptor_ui":"D053758","descriptor_name":"Nanoparticles","qualifier_ui":"Q000737","qualifier_name":"chemistry","is_major_topic":false}],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/cbic.200700126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200700126","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cbic.200700126","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S154285657","display_name":"ChemBioChem","issn_l":"1439-4227","issn":["1439-4227","1439-7633"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"listed_in":["cwts-core","doyens","jufo-1","ki-jl-1","medline","norway-1"],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"ChemBioChem","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:17526061","doi":null,"is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17526061","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"listed_in":[],"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology","raw_type":"Journal Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"sustainable_development_goals_aurora":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life on land","score":0.44999998807907104}],"study_designs":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4690795291","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BBS/E/J/00000204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","funder_display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334629","display_name":"Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00cwqg982"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W130694605","https://openalex.org/W1484574802","https://openalex.org/W1964275463","https://openalex.org/W1965101101","https://openalex.org/W1969059363","https://openalex.org/W1982979520","https://openalex.org/W1995767417","https://openalex.org/W2007053903","https://openalex.org/W2011838528","https://openalex.org/W2013870252","https://openalex.org/W2022835788","https://openalex.org/W2025807241","https://openalex.org/W2032841462","https://openalex.org/W2034172755","https://openalex.org/W2034429504","https://openalex.org/W2039045131","https://openalex.org/W2041716698","https://openalex.org/W2046782706","https://openalex.org/W2055715280","https://openalex.org/W2058527827","https://openalex.org/W2062322190","https://openalex.org/W2065471618","https://openalex.org/W2073711310","https://openalex.org/W2076660104","https://openalex.org/W2078023126","https://openalex.org/W2083014800","https://openalex.org/W2088542458","https://openalex.org/W2090080388","https://openalex.org/W2092382393","https://openalex.org/W2140111558","https://openalex.org/W2144634347","https://openalex.org/W2150635644","https://openalex.org/W2159206673","https://openalex.org/W2159764863","https://openalex.org/W2199096412","https://openalex.org/W2314225431","https://openalex.org/W2320983721","https://openalex.org/W2765912444","https://openalex.org/W4250973258"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3134019223","https://openalex.org/W3080583255","https://openalex.org/W2074201774","https://openalex.org/W3110803893","https://openalex.org/W1983882710","https://openalex.org/W4255589087","https://openalex.org/W2884795984","https://openalex.org/W2353115207","https://openalex.org/W2476713926","https://openalex.org/W2041044489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,108,131],"use":[1],"of":[2,26,41,56,70,78,93,100,110,122],"viral":[3],"nanoparticles":[4],"(VNPs)":[5],"as":[6,34],"building":[7,159],"blocks":[8],"for":[9,38,74],"material":[10],"fabrication":[11],"has":[12],"received":[13],"particular":[14],"attention":[15],"in":[16,30,63,161],"recent":[17],"years.":[18],"In":[19,83],"earlier":[20],"studies":[21,49],"we":[22,46,85],"showed":[23],"the":[24,39,52,68,91,120,141,162],"applicability":[25,69],"native":[27,71],"gel":[28],"electrophoresis":[29],"an":[31],"agarose":[32,64,72],"matrix":[33],"a":[35,87,101,156],"useful":[36,157],"method":[37],"characterization":[40],"chemically":[42],"modified":[43],"VNPs.":[44],"Here,":[45],"extend":[47],"these":[48],"and":[50,66,138,146],"analyze":[51],"observed":[53],"band":[54],"pattern":[55],"intact":[57],"Cowpea":[58],"mosaic":[59],"virus":[60],"(CPMV)":[61],"VNPs":[62],"gels":[65,73],"show":[67],"monitoring":[75],"interparticle":[76,127],"linkage":[77,128],"thiol-containing":[79],"CPMV":[80,97,163],"mutant":[81],"particles.":[82],"addition,":[84],"report":[86],"protocol":[88],"that":[89],"allows":[90],"introduction":[92],"acetate-protected":[94],"thiols":[95,143],"to":[96,126],"by":[98,115],"means":[99],"chemical":[102],"reaction":[103],"(rather":[104],"than":[105],"genetic":[106],"modification).":[107],"advantage":[109],"this":[111],"approach":[112],"is":[113,129],"that,":[114],"incorporating":[116],"protected":[117],"thiol":[118],"groups,":[119],"formation":[121],"disulfide":[123],"bonds":[124],"leading":[125],"prevented.":[130],"resulting":[132],"thiol-modified":[133],"CPMV-SH(n)":[134],"particles":[135],"are":[136,144],"stable,":[137],"following":[139],"deprotection,":[140],"introduced":[142],"reactive":[145],"can":[147],"be":[148],"labeled":[149],"with":[150],"thiol-selective":[151],"reagents.":[152],"They":[153],"therefore":[154],"provide":[155],"additional":[158],"block":[160],"toolbox.":[164]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-09-22T06:50:58.402377","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}